C#利用win32API创建窗体

效果图

代码实现

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
  3 //using System.Windows.Forms;
  4
  5 namespace win32API
  6 {
  7     class Program
  8     {
  9         public const int COLOR_WINDOW = 5;
 10         const uint WS_TABSTOP = 0x00010000;
 11         const uint WS_VISIBLE = 0x10000000;
 12         const uint WS_CHILD = 0x40000000;
 13         const uint BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON = 0x0001;
 14         const uint ES_AUTOHSCROLL = 0x0080;
 15         const uint WM_COMMAND = 0x0111;
 16         const uint BN_CLICKED = 0x0;
 17
 18         /// <summary>
 19         /// 按钮
 20         /// </summary>
 21         static IntPtr hButton;
 22
 23         /// <summary>
 24         /// 处理窗口消息
 25         /// </summary>
 26         /// <param name="hWnd">表示接收消息的窗口句柄（handle）。窗口句柄是操作系统分配给每个窗口的唯一标识符，用于识别窗口</param>
 27         /// <param name="msg">表示接收到的消息类型。消息是操作系统或其他应用程序发送给窗口的通知或指令。</param>
 28         /// <param name="wParam">表示与消息相关的附加信息，通常用于传递消息的参数。它的具体含义取决于接收到的消息类型。</param>
 29         /// <param name="lParam">也是用于传递消息的参数，通常与 wParam 一起使用。它的具体含义也取决于接收到的消息类型。</param>
 30         /// <returns></returns>
 31         public static IntPtr WindowProc(IntPtr hWnd, uint msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
 32         {
 33             switch (msg)
 34             {
 35                 case 0x0010: // WM_CLOSE
 36                     NativeMethods.DestroyWindow(hWnd);
 37                     return IntPtr.Zero;
 38                 case 0x0002: // WM_DESTROY
 39                     return IntPtr.Zero;
 40                     Environment.Exit(0);// 处理按钮点击消息
 41                 case WM_COMMAND:
 42                     if (lParam == hButton && NativeMethods.HIWORD(wParam) == BN_CLICKED)
 43                     {
 44                         Button_Click(hWnd, wParam, lParam);
 45                     }
 46                     return IntPtr.Zero;
 47                     //默认
 48                 default:
 49                     return NativeMethods.DefWindowProc(hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam);
 50             }
 51         }
 52
 53         static void Main(string[] args)
 54         {
 55             NativeMethods.WNDCLASS wc = new NativeMethods.WNDCLASS();
 56             wc.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
 57             wc.lpszClassName = "MyWindowClass";
 58             wc.hCursor = NativeMethods.LoadCursor(IntPtr.Zero, 32512); // 加载系统光标
 59             wc.hbrBackground = (IntPtr)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1); // 设置背景颜色
 60
 61             ushort classAtom = NativeMethods.RegisterClass(ref wc);
 62             if (classAtom == 0)
 63                 throw new Exception("Failed to register window class.");
 64             //创建窗口
 65             IntPtr hWnd = NativeMethods.CreateWindowEx(0, wc.lpszClassName, "Hello, win32API!", 0xCF0000, 100, 100, 800, 600, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);
 66             if (hWnd == IntPtr.Zero)
 67                 throw new Exception("Failed to create window.");
 68             // 创建按钮
 69             hButton = NativeMethods.CreateWindowEx(
 70                 0,
 71                 "BUTTON",             // 按钮类名
 72                 "Click Me",           // 按钮文本
 73                 WS_TABSTOP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON,  // 按钮样式
 74                 10,                    // X 坐标
 75                 10,                    // Y 坐标
 76                 100,                   // 宽度
 77                 30,                    // 高度
 78                 hWnd,                  // 父窗口句柄
 79                 IntPtr.Zero,
 80                 Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(typeof(Program).Module),
 81                 IntPtr.Zero);
 82
 83             // 创建文本框
 84             IntPtr hTextBox = NativeMethods.CreateWindowEx(
 85                 0,
 86                 "EDIT",               // 文本框类名
 87                 "文本框",                   // 默认文本
 88                 WS_TABSTOP | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | ES_AUTOHSCROLL,  // 文本框样式
 89                 10,                    // X 坐标
 90                 50,                    // Y 坐标
 91                 200,                   // 宽度
 92                 30,                    // 高度
 93                 hWnd,                  // 父窗口句柄
 94                 IntPtr.Zero,
 95                 Marshal.GetHINSTANCE(typeof(Program).Module),
 96                 IntPtr.Zero);
 97             NativeMethods.ShowWindow(hWnd, 1); // 显示窗口
 98             NativeMethods.UpdateWindow(hWnd); // 更新窗口
 99
100             MSG msg;
101             while (NativeMethods.GetMessage(out msg, IntPtr.Zero, 0, 0))
102             {
103                 NativeMethods.TranslateMessage(ref msg);
104                 NativeMethods.DispatchMessage(ref msg);
105             }
106         }
107
108         // 处理按钮点击事件
109         private static void Button_Click(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
110         {
111             Console.WriteLine("Button clicked!");
112             //MessageBox.Show("Button clicked!");
113         }
114     }
115
116     [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
117     public struct MSG
118     {
119         public IntPtr hwnd;
120         public uint message;
121         public IntPtr wParam;
122         public IntPtr lParam;
123         public uint time;
124         public POINT pt;
125     }
126
127     [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
128     public struct POINT
129     {
130         public int x;
131         public int y;
132     }
133
134     public class NativeMethods
135     {
136         // 定义提取高16位的方法
137         public static int HIWORD(IntPtr n)
138         {
139             int v = n.ToInt32();
140             return (v >> 16) & 0xffff;
141         }
142         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
143         public static extern IntPtr LoadCursor(IntPtr hInstance, int lpCursorName);
144
145         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
146         public static extern ushort RegisterClass([In] ref WNDCLASS lpWndClass);
147
148         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
149         public static extern bool GetMessage(out MSG lpMsg, IntPtr hWnd, uint wMsgFilterMin, uint wMsgFilterMax);
150
151         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
152         public static extern IntPtr DispatchMessage([In] ref MSG lpmsg);
153
154         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
155         public static extern bool TranslateMessage([In] ref MSG lpMsg);
156
157
158
159         // 窗口过程函数委托
160         public delegate IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hWnd, uint msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
161
162         // 窗口类结构
163         [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
164         public struct WNDCLASS
165         {
166             public uint style;
167             public WndProc lpfnWndProc;
168             public int cbClsExtra;
169             public int cbWndExtra;
170             public IntPtr hInstance;
171             public IntPtr hIcon;
172             public IntPtr hCursor;
173             public IntPtr hbrBackground;
174             public string lpszMenuName;
175             public string lpszClassName;
176         }
177
178         // 调用创建窗口的Win32 API
179         [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true,CharSet =CharSet.Unicode)]
180         public static extern IntPtr CreateWindowEx(
181             uint dwExStyle, string lpClassName, string lpWindowName, uint dwStyle,
182             int x, int y, int nWidth, int nHeight,
183             IntPtr hWndParent, IntPtr hMenu, IntPtr hInstance, IntPtr lpParam);
184
185         [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
186         public static extern bool DestroyWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
187
188         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
189         public static extern IntPtr DefWindowProc(IntPtr hWnd, uint uMsg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
190
191         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
192         public static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);
193
194         [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
195         public static extern bool UpdateWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
196     }
197
198 }

点击按钮就会事件响应

使用winform的MessageBox类项目设置

点击双击项目设置项目文件，加一个设置项

 1 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 2
 3   <PropertyGroup>
 4     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
 5     <TargetFramework>net6.0-windows</TargetFramework>
 6     <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
 7     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
 8     <!--添加或修改这一项-->
 9     <UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
10   </PropertyGroup>
11
12 </Project>

可以手动更改，也可以在项目上右键属性更改，结果都是反映到项目文件的修改

然后重新生成项目，就会发现以来里面添加了winform框架的引用

在引入名称空间using System.Windows.Forms;

在按钮事件处理中就能显示提示框了

1 // 处理按钮点击事件
2         private static void Button_Click(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
3         {
4             Console.WriteLine("Button clicked!");
5             MessageBox.Show("Button clicked!");
6         }