快速切题 sgu103. Traffic Lights 最短路 难度:1

103. Traffic Lights

Time limit per test: 0.25 second(s)
Memory limit: 4096 kilobytes

input: standard
output: standard

In the city of Dingilville the traffic is arranged in an unusual way. There are junctions and roads connecting the junctions. There is at most one road between any two different junctions. There is no road connecting a junction to itself. Travel time for a road is the same for both directions. At every junction there is a single traffic light that is either blue or purple at any moment. The color of each light alternates periodically: blue for certain duration and then purple for another duration. Traffic is permitted to travel down the road between any two junctions, if and only if the lights at both junctions are the same color at the moment of departing from one junction for the other. If a vehicle arrives at a junction just at the moment the lights switch it must consider the new colors of lights. Vehicles are allowed to wait at the junctions. You are given the city map which shows:

• the travel times for all roads (integers)
• the durations of the two colors at each junction (integers)
• and the initial color of the light and the remaining time (integer) for this color to change at each junction. 

  Your task is to find a path which takes the minimum time from a given source junction to a given destination junction for a vehicle when the traffic starts. In case more than one such path exists you are required to report only one of them.

  Input

  The first line contains two numbers: The id-number of the source junction and the id-number of the destination junction. The second line contains two numbers: N, M. The following N lines contain information on N junctions. The (i+2)'th line of the input file holds information about the junction i : C_i, r_iC, t_iB, t_iP where C_i is either B for blue or P forpurple, indicating the initial color of the light at the junction i. Finally, the next M lines contain information on M roads. Each line is of the form: i, j, l_ij where i and j are the id-numbers of the junctions which are connected by this road. 2 ≤ N ≤ 300 where N is the number of junctions. The junctions are identified by integers 1 through N. These numbers are called id-numbers. 1 ≤ M ≤ 14000 where M is the number of roads. 1 ≤ l_ij ≤ 100 where l_ij is the time required to move from junction i to j using the road that connects i andj. 1 ≤ t_iC ≤ 100 where t_iC is the duration of the color c for the light at the junction i. The index c is either 'B' for blue or 'P' for purple. 1 ≤ r_iC ≤ t_iC where r_iC is the remaining time for the initial color c at junction i.

  Output

  If a path exists:

• The first line will contain the time taken by a minimum-time path from the source junction to the destination junction.
• Second line will contain the list of junctions that construct the minimum-time path you have found. You have to write the junctions to the output file in the order of travelling. Therefore the first integer in this line must be the id-number of the source junction and the last one the id-number of the destination junction. 

  If a path does not exist:

• A single line containing only the integer 0. 
  Example(s)

  sample input	sample output
  1 4 4 5 B 2 16 99 P 6 32 13 P 2 87 4 P 38 96 49 1 2 4 1 3 40 2 3 75 2 4 76 3 4 77	127 1 2 4

题意:图,无自交,无向,在每个时间每个节点有一个信号灯,可能是绿色或者紫色,信号灯变化规律:蓝色持续一段时间接着是紫色,允许在信号灯同样颜色的时候离开一个节点通过路到达另一个节点,到达瞬间颜色可以不一样,如果到达瞬间颜色改变,按照新颜色计算,允许任意点停留,
你能得到的状态:
1 所有路径花费时间
2 每个节点灯的持续周期
3 每个节点灯的初始颜色和还剩多长时间第一次变颜色

思路:注意到这道题每个节点通向另一个节点耗时是容易得出的,而且过程有意义的只有最早到节点的时间,知道源点,到达点求最短路,最短路算法就可以了

注意状态转化,主要是考细心

实际用时:1h38min

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll inf=0x7ffffffffff;
const int maxn=305;
const int maxm=50000;
int n,m;
ll dis[maxn];//最小距离(时间)
int first[maxn];//邻接表
int nxt[maxm];
int to[maxm];
int cost[maxm];
int color[maxn];//初始颜色
int wait[maxn];//第一次变化时间
int time[maxn][2];//等待颜色
int pre[maxn];//路径回溯,前驱节点
queue<int >que;
int sups,supe;
char buff[3];//接收颜色用
int heap[maxn],len;
void dfs(int s){//路径回溯
    if(s==sups){
        len=0;
        heap[len++]=s;
        return ;
    }
    dfs(pre[s]);
    heap[len++]=s;
}
int calcolor(int ttime,int s){//计算当前颜色
    if(ttime<wait[s])return color[s];
    ttime-=wait[s];
    int c=color[s]^1;
    ttime-=((int)ttime/(time[s][0]+time[s][1]))*(time[s][0]+time[s][1]);
    if(ttime<time[s][c])return c;
    return color[s];
}
int caltime(int ttime,int s){//计算变化颜色时间
    if(ttime<wait[s])return wait[s]-ttime;
    ttime-=wait[s];
    int c=color[s]^1;
    ttime-=((int)ttime/(time[s][0]+time[s][1]))*(time[s][0]+time[s][1]);
    if(ttime<time[s][c])return time[s][c]-ttime;
    return time[s][0]+time[s][1]-ttime;
}
void addedge(int f,int t,int c,int ind){
    nxt[ind*2]=first[f];
    cost[ind*2]=c;
    to[ind*2]=t;
    first[f]=ind*2;
    nxt[ind*2+1]=first[t];
    cost[ind*2+1]=c;
    to[ind*2+1]=f;
    first[t]=ind*2+1;
}
void spfa(){
    fill(dis,dis+n+1,inf);
    que.push(sups);
    dis[sups]=0;
    while(!que.empty()){
        int s=que.front();que.pop();
        int scolor=calcolor(dis[s],s);
        for(int p=first[s];p!=-1;p=nxt[p]){
            int tto=to[p];
            int tcolor=calcolor(dis[s],tto);
            if(scolor==tcolor){
                if(dis[tto]>dis[s]+cost[p]){//颜色相同可以直接走
                    dis[tto]=dis[s]+cost[p];
                    pre[tto]=s;
                    que.push(tto);
                }
            }
            else {
                int stime=caltime(dis[s],s);
                int ttime=caltime(dis[s],tto);
                if(stime==ttime&&time[s][scolor^1]==time[tto][tcolor^1]&&time[s][scolor]==time[tto][tcolor])continue;//这两个节点同步变化,永远走不了
                if(stime==ttime){//如果变化周期不一样而现在等待时间一样就多等一周期
                    stime+=time[s][scolor^1];
                    ttime+=time[tto][tcolor^1];
                }
                if(stime==ttime){//再多等一周期
                    stime+=time[s][scolor];
                    ttime+=time[tto][tcolor];
                }
                if(dis[tto]>dis[s]+min(stime,ttime)+cost[p]){//更新
                    dis[tto]=dis[s]+min(stime,ttime)+cost[p];
                    pre[tto]=s;
                    que.push(tto);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
int main(){
    while(scanf("%d%d",&sups,&supe)==2){
        sups--;supe--;
        memset(first,-1,sizeof(first));
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
        for (int i=0;i<n;i++){
            scanf("%s%d%d%d",buff,wait+i,time[i],time[i]+1);
            if(buff[0]=='B')color[i]=0;
            else color[i]=1;
        }
        for(int i=0;i<m;i++){
            int f,t,c;
            scanf("%d%d%d",&f,&t,&c);
            f--;t--;
            addedge(f,t,c,i);
        }
        spfa();
        if(dis[supe]==inf)puts("0");
        else {
                printf("%I64d\n",dis[supe]);
                dfs(supe);
                for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
                    printf("%d%c",heap[i]+1,i==len-1?'\n':' ');
                }
        }
    }

    return 0;
}