ArcEngine查询、添加、删除要素的方法

1、查找数据

1）、利用FeaturCursor进行空间查询

//空间查询
ISpatialFilter spatialFilter = new SpatialFilterClass();
spatialFilter.Geometry = envelope;//指定几何体
String shpFld = featureClass.ShapeFieldName;
spatialFilter.GeometryField = shpFld;
spatialFilter.SpatialRel = esriSpatialRelEnum.esriSpatialRelIntersects;//相交
IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass();
queryFilter = (IQueryFilter)spatialFilter;
IFeatureCursor searchCursor = featureClass.Search(queryFilter, true);
IFeature feature = searchCursor.NextFeature();

int n = ;
while (feature != null){
    n++;
    feature = baseCursor.NextFeature();
}

2）、利用FeatureCursor在选择集中进行查询

IFeatureSelection pFeatureSelectio = pFeatureLayer as IFeatureSelection;
ICursor ppCursor;
pFeatureSelectio.SelectionSet.Search(null, false, out ppCursor);
IFeatureCursor pFeatureCursor = ppCursor as IFeatureCursor;
IFeature pFeature = pFeatureCursor.NextFeature();

3）、利用FeatureCursor进行属性查询

IQueryFilter pQueryFilter = new QueryFilterClass();
pQueryFilter.WhereClause = "PROJECTCODE = '" + this.ProjectNumTextBox.Text.Trim() + "'";
IFeatureCursor pFeatureCursor = LineFeaClass.Search(pQueryFilter, false);
IFeature pFeatureIfExit = pFeatureCursor.NextFeature();

用Environment.TickCount进行代码执行时间测试，结果发现4）读取整个表的时间为4984ms,而 3）读取同一个属性给的时间仅为32 ms，3）的执行效率是法一的156倍！！！

完整测试代码如下：

     IFeatureLayer pLayer = Utilities.GetLayerByName((string)cmbRegLayers.SelectedItem, m_mapControl) as IFeatureLayer;
     IFeatureCursor FCursor = pLayer.FeatureClass.Search(new QueryFilterClass(), false);
     IFeature feature = FCursor.NextFeature();  

     int t = Environment.TickCount;  

     object clsFldValue=null;
     for (int i = ; i < pLayer.FeatureClass.FeatureCount(null); i++)
     {
         clsFldValue = feature.get_Value();
         feature = FCursor.NextFeature();
     }  

     t = Environment.TickCount - t;
     MessageBox.Show(t.ToString());  

     ITable pTable = pLayer.FeatureClass as ITable;  

     t = Environment.TickCount;  

     for (int i = ; i < pTable.RowCount(null); i++)
         clsFldValue = pTable.GetRow(i).get_Value();
     t = Environment.TickCount - t;
     MessageBox.Show(t.ToString());  

4）属性表的方法读取属性值

ITable pTable = pLayer.FeatureClass as ITable;
clsFldValue = pTable.GetRow(i).get_Value(clsFldIndex);  

2、 插入数据

ArcGIS Engine中，主要有两个方法用于要素的添加：

• Using IFeatureClass.CreateFeature followed by IFeature.Store
• Using IFeatureClass.CreateFeatureBuffer with an insert cursor

批量插入feature，如果用feature.store()方法，在图层中一个个地插入要素，较之同时使用insert cursor与feature buffer方法，会慢很多。

因为后者触发的事件和复杂行为比较少（比如说没有引发因拓扑关系产生的行为）。

1）、利用Insert Cursors和featureBuffer

IFeatureBuffer featureBuffer = featureClass.CreateFeatureBuffer();
IFeatureCursor featureCursor = featureClass.Insert(true);
object featureOID;
featureBuffer.set_Value(featureBuffer.Fields.FindField("InstBy"), "B Pierce");
for (int ic = ; ic < ; ic++)
{
    featureBuffer.Shape = geometry;
    featureOID = featureCursor.InsertFeature(featureBuffer);
}
featureBuffer.set_Value(featureBuffer.Fields.FindField("InstBy"), "K Johnston");
for (int ic = ; ic < ; ic++)
{
     featureBuffer.Shape = geometry
     featureOID = featureCursor.InsertFeature(featureBuffer);
}
featureCursor.Flush();

2）、直接进行数据插入（Feature.Store方法）

IFeature newLineFeature = LineFeaClass.CreateFeature();                           

newLineFeature.Shape = pFeature.Shape;
int ii = newLineFeature.Fields.FindField(AreaZonalName); 

if (ii > )
{
    newLineFeature.set_Value(ii, this.AnalysAreaComboBox.Text.Trim());
}

newLineFeature.Store();

注：最好将编辑操作对象中，如下：

IDataset dataset = (IDataset)featureClass;

IWorkspace workspace = dataset.Workspace;

// Cast the workspace to the IWorkspaceEdit interface.

IWorkspaceEdit workspaceEdit = (IWorkspaceEdit)workspace;

// Start an edit session and edit operation.

workspaceEdit.StartEditing(true);

workspaceEdit.StartEditOperation();

//在这里编写添加要素的代码。。。。。。。。。。。

// Stop editing.

workspaceEdit.StopEditOperation();

workspaceEdit.StopEditing(true);

3、数据删除 delete

删除feature，一个个删除就用IFeature.Delete方法即可，此处不再赘述，只写一种批量删除的方法，用于ITable是针对数据库进行操作的，所以速度很快。

The best approach to take when deleting features depends on two factors, how many features are being deleted and whether the data source is a local geodatabase or an ArcSDE geodatabase.

In the simplest case, a single feature that has already been retrieved can be deleted by callingIFeature.Delete. If bulk features are being deleted and the geodatabase is an ArcSDE geodatabase, the most efficient approach requires the use of a search cursor and the IFeature.Delete method.

On the other hand, if the geodatabase is a local geodatabase (a file or personal geodatabase), the most efficient method for bulk deletion is theITable.DeleteSearchedRows method.

方法1  ITable方法

///<summary>
///删除某featurelayer中所有feature
///</summary>
///<param name="pLayer">操作的涂层</param>
///<remarks>该方法可以给一个queryfilter，进行删除符合条件的features</remarks>
private void DeleteAllFeatures(IFeatureLayer pLayer, <code></code>IQueryFilter queryFilter)
{
　　ITable pTable = pLayer.FeatureClass as ITable;
　　pTable.DeleteSearchedRows(queryFilter);
}  

方法2 迭代featureClass方法

IFeatureClass featureClass = featureWorkspace.OpenFeatureClass("Parcels");
IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass();
queryFilter.WhereClause = "ZONING_S = 'R'";
IFeatureCursor updateCursor = featureClass.Update(queryFilter, false);
IFeature feature = updateCursor.NextFeature();
int m = ;
while (feature != null)
{
    m++;
    updateCursor.DeleteFeature(feature);
    feature = updateCursor.NextFeature();
}

4、 数据更新 update 

4.1 逐条更新记录

这种方式中可有三种方法，如下：

（1）

    for (int i = ; i < pTable.RowCount(null); i++)
    {
        pRow = pTable.GetRow(i);
        pRow.set_Value(, i + );
        pRow.Store();
    }  

（2）

    IFeatureCursor FCursor = pLayer.FeatureClass.Search(new QueryFilterClass(), false);
    IFeature feature = FCursor.NextFeature();  

    for (int i = ; i < featureNum; i++)
    {  

        feature.set_Value(, i);
        feature.Store();
        feature = FCursor.NextFeature();
    }  

（3）

    ICursor pCursor =pTable.Update(null, false);
    pRow = pCursor.NextRow();
    for (int i = ; i < pTable.RowCount(null); i++)
    {
        pRow.set_Value(, i + );
        pCursor.UpdateRow(pRow);
        pRow = pCursor.NextRow();
    }  

试验数据为320条记录，三种方法的运行时间为：法（1）为40297ms;法（2）34922ms为;法（3）为219ms.

可见运用IFeature和IRow的Store方法更新速度都很慢，用ICursor 的UpdateRow方法速度很快，分别是前两者效率的184倍、159倍！！

4.2 批量更新记录

IFeatureClass featureClass = featureWorkspace.OpenFeatureClass("Parcels");

// 属性查询
IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass();
queryFilter.WhereClause = "ZONING_S = 'U'";

//利用FeatureCursor进行数据更新
IFeatureCursor updateCursor = featureClass.Update(queryFilter, false);
int fieldindex = featureClass.FindField("ZONING_S");
IFeature feature = updateCursor.NextFeature();
int m = ;

while (feature != null)
{
    m++;
    feature.set_Value(fieldindex, "X");
    updateCursor.UpdateFeature(feature);
    feature = updateCursor.NextFeature();
}

当将一批数据更新为某一相同的属性时，使用ITable.UpdateSearchedRows效率会很高。

    // Find the position of the field that will be updated.
    int typeFieldIndex = featureClass.FindField("TYPE");  

    // Create a query filter defining which fields will be updated
    // (the subfields) and how to constrain which rows are updated
    // (the where clause).
    IQueryFilter queryFilter = new QueryFilterClass
    {
        SubFields = "TYPE", WhereClause = "LANE_COUNT = 4"
    };  

    // Create a ComReleaser for buffer management.
    using(ComReleaser comReleaser = new ComReleaser())
    {
        // Create a feature buffer containing the values to be updated.
        IFeatureBuffer featureBuffer = featureClass.CreateFeatureBuffer();
        featureBuffer.set_Value(typeFieldIndex, "Highway");
        comReleaser.ManageLifetime(featureBuffer);  

        // Cast the class to ITable and perform the updates.
        ITable table = (ITable)featureClass;
        IRowBuffer rowBuffer = (IRowBuffer)featureBuffer;
        table.UpdateSearchedRows(queryFilter, rowBuffer);
    }  

参考文章

ArcEngine查询、添加、删除要素的方法

ArcGIS Engine效率探究——要素的添加和删除、属性的读取和更新