SQL*Loader之CASE3

CASE3

1. SQL文件

[oracle@node3 ulcase]$ cat ulcase3.sql

set termout off

rem Do not clean up table because this example shows appending to existing
rem rows in table that also has new columns.

rem host write sys$output "Adding columns to emp.  Please wait."

alter table emp add (projno number, loadseq number);

exit
                                    

2. 控制文件

[oracle@node3 ulcase]$ cat ulcase3.ctl

-- NAME
-- ulcase3.ctl - SQL*Loader Case Study 3: Loading a Delimited,
-- Free-format File
--
-- DESCRIPTION
-- This case study demonstrates the following:
-- Loading data (enclosed and terminated) in stream format.
--
-- Loading dates using the DATE datatype.
--
-- Using SEQUENCE numbers to generate unique keys for loaded data.
--
-- Using APPEND to indicate that the table need not be empty before
-- inserting new records.
--
-- Using comments in the control file set off by two hyphens.
--
-- NOTES ABOUT THIS CONTROL FILE
-- This control file loads the same table as in case 2, but it
-- loads three additional columns (hiredate, projno, and loadseq).
-- The projno and loadseq columns are added to the emp table when
-- you run the ulcase3.sql script.
--
-- INFILE * specifies that the data is found at the end of the
-- control file.
--
-- APPEND specifies that the data can be loaded even if the table
-- already contains rows. That is, the table need not be empty.
--
-- The default terminator for the data fields is a comma, and some
-- fields may be enclosed by double quotation marks (").
--
-- The data to be loaded into column hiredate appears in the format
-- DD-Month-YYYY. The length of the date field is specified to have
-- a maximum of 20. The maximum length is in bytes, with default
-- byte-length semantics. If character-length semantics were used
-- instead, the length would be in characters. If a length is not
-- specified, then the length depends on the length of the date mask.
--
-- The SEQUENCE function generates a unique value in the column loadseq.
-- This function finds the current maximum value in column loadseq and
-- adds the increment (1) to it to obtain the value for loadseq for
-- each row inserted.
--
-- BEGINDATA specifies the end of the control information and the
-- beginning of the data.
--
-- Although each physical record equals one logical record, the fields
-- vary in length, so that some records are longer than others. Note
-- also that several rows have null values for comm.

LOAD DATA
INFILE *
APPEND

INTO TABLE EMP
FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
(empno, ename, job, mgr,
 hiredate DATE(20) "DD-Month-YYYY",
 sal, comm,
 deptno   CHAR TERMINATED BY ':',
 projno,
 loadseq  SEQUENCE(MAX,1) )

BEGINDATA
7782, "Clark", "Manager", 7839, 09-June-1981, 2572.50,, 10:101
7839, "King", "President", , 17-November-1981, 5500.00,, 10:102
7934, "Miller", "Clerk", 7782, 23-January-1982, 920.00,, 10:102
7566, "Jones", "Manager", 7839, 02-April-1981, 3123.75,, 20:101
7499, "Allen", "Salesman", 7698, 20-February-1981, 1600.00, 300.00, 30:103
7654, "Martin", "Salesman", 7698, 28-September-1981, 1312.50, 1400.00, 30:103
7658, "Chan", "Analyst", 7566, 03-May-1982, 3450,, 20:101
                                       

执行后结果：

[oracle@node3 ulcase]$ sqlplus scott/tiger @ulcase3.sql

[oracle@node3 ulcase]$ sqlldr userid=scott/tiger control=ulcase3.ctl

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO ENAME  JOB         MGR    HIREDATE       SAL     COMM   DEPTNO PROJNO    LOADSEQ
----- ------ ---------  -----   ---------      ------- -----  ------ ------ ----------
 7782 Clark  Manager     7839   09-JUN-81      2573            10    101        1

 7839 King   President          17-NOV-81      5500            10    102        2

 7934 Miller Clerk       7782   23-JAN-82       920            10    102        3

 7566 Jones  Manager     7839   02-APR-81      3124            20    101        4 

 7499 Allen  Salesman    7698   20-FEB-81      1600       300  30    103        5

 7654 Martin Salesman    7698   28-SEP-81      1313      1400  30    103        6

 7658 Chan   Analyst     7566   03-MAY-82      3450            20    101        7

7 rows selected.

总结：在本例中，

1> APPEND指定该操作是追加，在一般情况下，要求导入数据的表是空表，如果该表已经存在数据，则需要指明下面参数中的任意一个：APPEND,REPLACE,TRUNCATE.

2> The data to be loaded into column hiredate appears in the format DD-Month-YYYY. The length of the date field is specified to have a maximum of 20.

3> SEQUENCE(MAX,1)产生序列，每次都在该列最大值上加1.