5.中文问题（自身，操作系统级别，应用软件的本身），mysql数据库备份



第一层因素:

mysql的自身的设置

mysql有六处使用了字符集。分别为：client
、connection、database、results、server
、system。

mysql>show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name           
| Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client    
| utf8                       |

| character_set_connection | utf8                      
|

| character_set_database  
| utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                    
|

| character_set_results   
| utf8                       |

| character_set_server    
| latin1                     |

| character_set_system    
| utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir      
| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

mysql -uroot -p--default_character_set=gbk; (影响数据的输入和输出)

mysql> show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name        
   | Value                     
|

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client    
| gbk                        |

| character_set_connection | gbk                       
|

| character_set_database  
| utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                    
|

| character_set_results   
| gbk                        |

| character_set_server    
| latin1                     |

| character_set_system    
| utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir      
| /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

insertinto worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小小牛');

====>错误现象

mysql>insert into worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小小牛');

ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value:'\x80\xE4\xB8\xAA\xE5\xB0...' for column 'resume' at row 1

mysql>

====>结论:
让你的client
server
连接 ,都必须设置成一样 utf8gbk

第二层因素

操作系统语言环境的设置

a)操作系统的整体的语言环境

[mysql01@localhost~]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/i18n

LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

[mysql01@localhost~]$

b)当前用户的语言环境 
linux的操作系统是基于多用户的操作系统

[mysql01@localhost~]$ env | grep LANG*

LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

[mysql01@localhost~]$

=====>当前用户的LANG设置能屏蔽操作系统语言环境设置

实现:改动当前用户的语言环境

[mysql01@localhost~]$ env | grep LANG

LANG=C

[mysql01@localhost~]$

insertinto worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小牛');

第三层因素

你的应用软件的本身
文件的
存储问题....

文件存储

最经常使用有2种方式:utf8 
code936

====  gbk转宽字节的函数....widewinskd函数 
gbk转成宽字节(Unicode2)

备份mysql数据库

$ mysqldump -uroot -p mydb2 > 
2.sql

//恢复msql数据库

$ mysqldump -uroot -p mydb2 < 2.sql