用JavaScript调用WCF Service

原创地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4039604.html

转载请注明出处

前面介绍过《Step by Step 创建一个WCF Service》和《使用WCF的Trace与Message Log功能》，本文介绍一下如何用JavaScript来调用WCF Service。

WCF Service的代码如下：

IHelloService.cs

using System.ServiceModel;

using System.ServiceModel.Activation;

using System.ServiceModel.Web;

namespace HelloService

{

    [ServiceContract(Name = "IHelloService")]

    public interface IHelloService

    {

        [OperationContract(Name="GetMessage")]

        string GetMessage(string name);

        [OperationContract]

        Employee GetEmployee(int id);

    }

}

HelloService.cs

using System;

namespace HelloService

{

    public class HelloService : IHelloService

    {

        public string GetMessage(string name)

        {

            return "Hello " + name;

        }

        public Employee GetEmployee(int id)

        {

            return new Employee() { Id = id, Name="Neil Klugman", Birthdate=new DateTime(, , )};

        }

    }

}

web.config文件，注意高亮部分：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<configuration>

  <system.serviceModel>

    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

    <services>

      <service name="HelloService.HelloService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior">

        <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="HelloService.IHelloService" behaviorConfiguration="ajaxServiceBehavior"></endpoint>

        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint>

        <host>

          <baseAddresses>

            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080"/>

          </baseAddresses>

        </host>

      </service>

    </services>

    <behaviors>

      <endpointBehaviors>

        <behavior name="ajaxServiceBehavior">

          <enableWebScript/>

        </behavior>

      </endpointBehaviors>

      <serviceBehaviors>

        <behavior name="metaBehavior">

          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />

          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />

        </behavior>

        <behavior name="">

          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />

          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />

        </behavior>

      </serviceBehaviors>

    </behaviors>

  </system.serviceModel>

</configuration>

创建一个客户端web application，添加一个web form，WebForm1.aspx:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="HelloWebClient.WebForm1" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head id="Head1" runat="server">

    <title>AJAX Service Client Page</title>

</head>

<body>

    <form id="form1" runat="server">

    <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager" runat="server">

         <Services>

             <asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc" />

         </Services>

    </asp:ScriptManager>

    <script lang="javascript" type="text/javascript">

        function GetValueFromServer() {

            var name = document.getElementById('txtValueContainer').value;

            tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetMessage(name, onSuccess, onFailure, null);

        }

        function onSuccess(result) {

            document.getElementById('labelResult').value = result;

        }

        function onFailure(result) {

            window.alert(result);

        }

    </script>

    <div>

        <input id="btnServiceCaller" type="button" value="Get Value" onclick="GetValueFromServer()"; />

        <input id="txtValueContainer" type="text" value="" />

        <input id="labelResult" type="text" value="" />

    </div>

    </form>

</body>

</html>

用浏览器打开WebForm1.aspx，使用Fiddler查看，因为代码里有了对WCF Service的引用

<asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc" />

所以页面加载了JavaScript

加载的JavaScript代码为：

Type.registerNamespace('tempuri.org');

tempuri.org.IHelloService = function () {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService.initializeBase(this);

    this._timeout = 0;

    this._userContext = null;

    this._succeeded = null;

    this._failed = null;

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.prototype = {

    _get_path: function () {

        var p = this.get_path();

        if (p) return p;

        else return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_path();

    },

    GetMessage: function (name, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext) {

        /// <param name="name" type="String">System.String</param>

        /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        return this._invoke(this._get_path(), 'GetMessage', false, { name: name }, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext);

    },

    GetEmployee: function (id, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext) {

        /// <param name="id" type="Number">System.Int32</param>

        /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

        return this._invoke(this._get_path(), 'GetEmployee', false, { id: id }, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext);

    }

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.registerClass('tempuri.org.IHelloService', Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy);

tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance = new tempuri.org.IHelloService();

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_path = function (value) {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_path(value);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_path = function () {

    /// <value type="String" mayBeNull="true">The service url.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_path();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_timeout = function (value) {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_timeout(value);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_timeout = function () {

    /// <value type="Number">The service timeout.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_timeout();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultUserContext = function (value) {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultUserContext(value);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultUserContext = function () {

    /// <value mayBeNull="true">The service default user context.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultUserContext();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultSucceededCallback = function (value) {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultSucceededCallback(value);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultSucceededCallback = function () {

    /// <value type="Function" mayBeNull="true">The service default succeeded callback.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultSucceededCallback();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultFailedCallback = function (value) {

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultFailedCallback(value);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultFailedCallback = function () {

    /// <value type="Function" mayBeNull="true">The service default failed callback.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultFailedCallback();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_enableJsonp = function (value) { tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_enableJsonp(value); }

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_enableJsonp = function () {

    /// <value type="Boolean">Specifies whether the service supports JSONP for cross domain calling.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_enableJsonp();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_jsonpCallbackParameter = function (value) { tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_jsonpCallbackParameter(value); }

tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_jsonpCallbackParameter = function () {

    /// <value type="String">Specifies the parameter name that contains the callback function name for a JSONP request.</value>

    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_jsonpCallbackParameter();

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_path("http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc");

tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetMessage = function (name, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext) {

    /// <param name="name" type="String">System.String</param>

    /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.GetMessage(name, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext);

}

tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetEmployee = function (id, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext) {

    /// <param name="id" type="Number">System.Int32</param>

    /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>

    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.GetEmployee(id, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext);

}

var gtc = Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy._generateTypedConstructor;

Type.registerNamespace('jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee');

if (typeof (jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee) === 'undefined') {

    jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee = gtc("Employee:http://jfzhu.com/2014/10/16/Employee");

    jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee.registerClass('jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee');

}

点击Get Value按钮：

使用Microsoft Service Trace Viewer查看Message Log Trace:

总结：WCF Service的配置文件中的endpoint的binding要使用webHttpBinding，endpointBehavior要设置成enableWebScript。

WebForm中要在ScriptManager中添加WCF Service的引用。

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