Centos 安装Puppet

环境说明：

OS:CentOS 5.4 i386
puppetmaster    192.168.0.12    hostname: puppetmaster.info.com
client        192.168.0.64    hostname: client1.info.com

原理图：

1)         客户端通过facter收集客户端信息并发送至服务端
2)         连接服务端并请求catalog日志
3)         请求节点（node）的信息
4)         从服务器端接收节点（node)的实例
5)         编译代码（包括语法检查等工作）
6)         查询是否有exported 虚拟资源
7)         如有，则从数据库接收虚拟资源
8)         接收完整的catalog日志
9)         存储catalog日志到数据库
10)       客户端接收完整的catalog日志

一、 时间同步,并写入crontab

1. 15 1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate pool.ntp.org; hwclock -w >/dev/null 2>&1

二、 修改主机名,并写入/etc/hosts文件

Puppet 要求所有机器有完整的域名（FQDN），如果没有 DNS 服务器提供域名的话，可以在两台机器上设置主机名
（注意建议先设置主机名再安装 Puppet，因安装 Puppet 时会把主机名写入证书，客户端和服务端通信需要这个证书）

1. 192.168.0.12 puppetmaster.info.com
2. 192.168.0.64 client1.info.com

三、 安装ruby

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# yum install ruby ruby-libs ruby-rdoc -y
2. [root@puppetmaster ~]# ruby --version
3. ruby 1.8.5 (2006-08-25) [i386-linux]

我安装的是1.8.5 ，不要安装1.8.7 puppet 还不支持，( 我没试过，如果出现不支持的情况，注意一下这里。)

四、 安装facter

安装puppet之前必须先安装facter
facter是一个系统盘点工具，收集主的一些资料，比如CPU，主机IP等，它收集到值发送给puppet服务器端,服务器端就可以根据不同的条件来对不同的节点机器生成不同的puppet配置文件

puppet资源下载点 http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/

1. [root@puppetmaster src]# wget http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/facter/facter-1.6.8.tar.gz
2. [root@puppetmaster src]# tar xzvf facter-1.6.8.tar.gz
3. [root@puppetmaster src]# cd facter-1.6.8
4. [root@puppetmaster facter-1.6.8]# ruby install.rb

五、 安装puppet

1. [root@puppetmaster src]# wget http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/puppet/puppet-2.7.14.tar.gz
2. [root@puppetmaster src]# tar xzvf puppet-2.7.14.tar.gz
3. [root@puppetmaster src]# cd puppet-2.7.14
4. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ruby install.rb

六、 复制配置文件

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/fileserver.conf /etc/puppet/
2. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/puppet.conf /etc/puppet/
3. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/server.init /etc/init.d/puppetmaster

七、 设置puppetmaster 服务开机启动

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
2. -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3936 Sep 3 12:13 /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
3. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]#
4. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --add puppetmaster
5. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --level 35 puppetmaster on

八、 创建puppet帐号

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# puppetmasterd --mkusers

1）确认是否生成清单文件夹

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /etc/puppet/
2. total 16
3. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2552 Sep 3 12:11 auth.conf
4. -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 381 Sep 3 12:13 fileserver.conf
5. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 manifests
6. -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 853 Sep 3 12:13 puppet.conf

2）确认系统生成puppet用户

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet-2.7.14]# id puppet
2. uid=1002(puppet) gid=1002(puppet) groups=1002(puppet)
3. [root@puppetmaster puppet]# cat /etc/passwd |grep puppet
4. puppet:x:1002:1002::/home/puppet:/bin/bash

3）保证/var/lib/puppet/rrd目录存在且属主是puppet

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet]# ls -l /var/lib/puppet/
2. total 36
3. drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 bucket
4. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 facts
5. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 lib
6. drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 reports
7. drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 rrd
8. drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 server_data
9. drwxrwx--x 8 puppet root 4096 Sep 3 12:26 ssl
10. drwxr-xr-t 2 root root 4096 Sep 3 12:17 state
11. drwxr-x--- 2 puppet puppet 4096 Sep 3 12:17 yaml

4）查看端口

1. [root@puppetmaster puppet]# netstat -Tanlp | grep 8140
2. tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8140 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4556/ruby

5）打开防火墙的8140端口
#vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

增加：

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 8140 -j ACCEPT

保存后重启防火墙：

#service iptables restart

客户端：

安装facter,puppet 同puppetmaster 一样。但复制的文件如下

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# cp conf/redhat/client.init /etc/init.d/puppet
2. cp conf/redhat/puppet.conf /etc/puppet/
3. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# chkconfig --level 35 puppet on

创建puppet用户：

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --mkusers
2. Could not prepare for execution: Got 1 failure(s) while initializing: change from absent to present failed: Could not create user puppet: Executionof '/usr/sbin/useradd -g puppet -M puppet' returned 3: useradd: invalid numeric argument 'puppet'
3. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# groupadd puppet;useradd -g puppet -M puppet
4. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# service puppet start
5. Starting puppet: [ OK ]

修改puppet.conf，设置10秒钟同步一次服务：

#vi /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[agent]
server = puppetmaster.info.com
listen = true
report = true
runinterval = 10

重启服务器：

#service puppet restart

测试解析与puppetmaster端口是否畅通

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# telnet puppetmaster.info.com 8140
2. Trying 192.168.0.12...
3. Connected to puppetmaster.info.com (192.168.0.12).
4. Escape character is '^]'.
5. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
6. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
7. info: Caching certificate for ca
8. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
9. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
10. info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for client1.info.com
11. info: Certificate Request fingerprint (md5): 07:C9:D4:43:3C:3E:D6:D1:0A:B1:8B:71:DB:6B:9D:FE
12. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
13. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
14. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
15. Exiting; no certificate found and waitforcert is disabled

# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com命令是指puppetd 从 puppetmaster.info.com去读取
puppet配置文件. 第一次连接,双方会进行ssl证书的验证,这是一个新的客户端,在服务器端那里还没有被认证,因此需要在服务器端进行证书认证

以下这步批准证书是在服务端操作

查看当前待批准证书列表

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -l
2. client1.info.com (07:C9:D4:43:3C:3E:D6:D1:0A:B1:8B:71:DB:6B:9D:FE)

批准当前证书

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -s client1.info.com
2. notice: Signed certificate request for client1.info.com
3. notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest client1.info.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/client1.info.com.pem'

查看验证签名,注意前面的+号，说明已经签名

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# puppetca -a --list
2. + client1.info.com (03:BE:50:AE:72:1A:39:79:17:F4:E5:74:FD:CC:BC:8C)
3. + puppetmaster.info.com (97:34:BF:26:A6:0E:E9:9C:DB:76:D3:53:D0:56:60:83) (alt names: DNS:puppet, DNS:puppet.info.com, DNS:puppetmaster.info.com)

如果要批准全部证书

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. puppetca -s -a
2. 也可以在puppetmaster端的puppet.conf加入这行：
3. autosign = true
4. 服务端就自动签证书

回到客户端操作，从服务端取回已批准的证书

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
2. warning: peer certificate won't be verified in this SSL session
3. info: Caching certificate for client1.info.com
4. info: Caching certificate_revocation_list for ca
5. info: Caching catalog for client1.info.com
6. info: Applying configuration version '1378188531

验证证书是否正确

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. 服务端:
2. [root@puppetmaster ~]# md5sum /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem
3. 27a295f39a6b4a6c7ceb74c9c3a5084c /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem
4. 客户端:
5. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# md5sum /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/client1.info.com.pem
6. 27a295f39a6b4a6c7ceb74c9c3a5084c /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/client1.info.com.pem
7. 出现修改主机名问题引起无法认证，需要重新申请证书，操作以下两个步骤：
8. 服务端：
9. [root@puppetmaster ~]# rm /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/client1.info.com.pem -rf
10. 客户端：
11. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# rm /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/ -rf

功能测试

服务端：
建立pp文件测试
puppet的第一个执行的代码是在/etc/puppet/manifest/site.pp ,因此这个文件必须存在,而且其他的代码也要通过代码来调用.

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# vim /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp
2. node default {
3. file {"/tmp/viong.txt":
4. content=>"good,test pass!\nHello World!\n";}
5. }

上面的代码对默认连入的puppet客户端执行一个操作,在/tmp目录生成一个viong.txt文件,内容是good,test pass! 回车换行Hello World!回车换行.

初次创建pp文件，需要重启puppetmaster

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@puppetmaster ~]# service puppetmaster restart
2. Stopping puppetmaster: [ OK ]
3. Starting puppetmaster: [ OK ]

客户端：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
2. info: Caching catalog for client1.info.com
3. info: Applying configuration version '1378190404'
4. notice: /Stage[main]//Node[default]/File[/tmp/viong.txt]/ensure: defined content as '{md5}4750aa5be82dae5db286a5859700dd51'
5. notice: Finished catalog run in 0.03 seconds
6. 如果报错
7. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# puppetd --test --server puppetmaster.info.com
8. err: Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: Error 400 on SERVER: Could not parse for environment production: Syntax error at end of file; expected '}' at /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp:4 on node client1.info.com
9. warning: Not using cache on failed catalog
10. err: Could not retrieve catalog; skipping run
11. 可能是/etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp 这个文件书写格式有问题。

在客户端查看:

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# ls -l /tmp/viong.txt
2. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29 Sep 3 14:50 /tmp/viong.txt
3. [root@client1 puppet-2.7.14]# cat /tmp/viong.txt
4. good,test pass!
   Hello World!