Python+requests+unittest+excel实现接口自动化测试框架

一、框架结构：

 工程目录

二、Case文件设计

三、基础包 base

3.1 封装get/post请求（runmethon.py）

 import requests
 import json
 class RunMethod:
     def post_main(self,url,data,header=None):
         res = None
         if header !=None:
             res = requests.post(url=url,data=data,headers=header)
         else:
             res = requests.post(url=url,data=data)
         return res.json()

     def get_main(self,url,data=None,header=None):
         res = None
         if header !=None:
             res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,headers=header,verify=False)
         else:
             res = requests.get(url=url,data=data,verify=False)
         return res.json()

     def run_main(self,method,url,data=None,header=None):
         res = None
         if method == 'Post':
             res = self.post_main(url,data,header)
         else:
             res = self.get_main(url,data,header)
         return json.dumps(res,ensure_ascii=False,sort_keys=True,indent=2) 

3.2 封装mock（mock.py）

 from mock import mock
 #模拟mock 封装
 def mock_test(mock_method,request_data,url,method,response_data):
     mock_method = mock.Mock(return_value=response_data)
     res = mock_method(url,method,request_data)
     return res

四、数据操作包 operation_data

4.1 获取excel单元格中的内容（get_data.py）  

 #coding:utf-8
 from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
 import data_config
 from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
 from tool.connect_db import OperationMysql
 class GetData:
     def __init__(self):
         self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()

     #去获取excel行数,就是case的个数
     def get_case_lines(self):
         return self.opera_excel.get_lines()

     #获取是否执行
     def get_is_run(self,row):
         flag = None
         col = int(data_config.get_run())
         run_model = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if run_model == 'yes':
             flag = True
         else:
             flag = False
         return flag

     #是否携带header
     def is_header(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_header())
         header = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if header != '':
             return header
         else:
             return None

     #获取请求方式
     def get_request_method(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_run_way())
         request_method = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         return request_method

     #获取url
     def get_request_url(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_url())
         url = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         return url

     #获取请求数据
     def get_request_data(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_data())
         data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if data == '':
             return None
         return data

     #通过获取关键字拿到data数据
     def get_data_for_json(self,row):
         opera_json = OperetionJson()
         request_data = opera_json.get_data(self.get_request_data(row))
         return request_data

     #获取预期结果
     def get_expcet_data(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_expect())
         expect = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if expect == '':
             return None
         return expect

     #通过sql获取预期结果
     def get_expcet_data_for_mysql(self,row):
         op_mysql = OperationMysql()
         sql = self.get_expcet_data(row)
         res = op_mysql.search_one(sql)
         return res.decode('unicode-escape')

     def write_result(self,row,value):
         col = int(data_config.get_result())
         self.opera_excel.write_value(row,col,value)

     #获取依赖数据的key
     def get_depend_key(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_data_depend())
         depent_key = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if depent_key == "":
             return None
         else:
             return depent_key

     #判断是否有case依赖
     def is_depend(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_case_depend())
         depend_case_id = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if depend_case_id == "":
             return None
         else:
             return depend_case_id

     #获取数据依赖字段
     def get_depend_field(self,row):
         col = int(data_config.get_field_depend())
         data = self.opera_excel.get_cell_value(row,col)
         if data == "":
             return None
         else:
             return data

4.2 获取excel中每个列（data_config.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 class global_var:
     #case_id
     Id = '
     request_name = '
     url = '
     run = '
     request_way = '
     header = '
     case_depend = '
     data_depend = '
     field_depend = '
     data = '
     expect = '
     result = '
 #获取caseid
 def get_id():
     return global_var.Id

 #获取url
 def get_url():
     return global_var.url

 def get_run():
     return global_var.run

 def get_run_way():
     return global_var.request_way

 def get_header():
     return global_var.header

 def get_case_depend():
     return global_var.case_depend

 def get_data_depend():
     return global_var.data_depend

 def get_field_depend():
     return global_var.field_depend

 def get_data():
     return global_var.data

 def get_expect():
     return global_var.expect

 def get_result():
     return global_var.result

 def get_header_value():
     return global_var.header

4.3 解决数据依赖（dependent.py ）

 #coding:utf-8
 import sys
 import json
 sys.path.append('C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA')
 from tool.operation_excel import OperationExcel
 from base.runmethod import RunMethod
 from operation_data.get_data import GetData
 from jsonpath_rw import jsonpath,parse
 class DependdentData:
     def __init__(self,case_id):
         self.case_id = case_id
         self.opera_excel = OperationExcel()
         self.data = GetData()

     #通过case_id去获取该case_id的整行数据
     def get_case_line_data(self):
         rows_data = self.opera_excel.get_rows_data(self.case_id)
         return rows_data

     #执行依赖测试，获取结果
     def run_dependent(self):
         run_method = RunMethod()
         row_num  = self.opera_excel.get_row_num(self.case_id)
         request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(row_num)
         #header = self.data.is_header(row_num)
         method = self.data.get_request_method(row_num)
         url = self.data.get_request_url(row_num)
         res = run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
         return json.loads(res)

     #根据依赖的key去获取执行依赖测试case的响应,然后返回
     def get_data_for_key(self,row):
         depend_data = self.data.get_depend_key(row)
         response_data = self.run_dependent()
         json_exe = parse(depend_data)
         madle = json_exe.find(response_data)
         return [math.value for math in madle][0]

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     order = {
         "data": {
             "_input_charset": "utf-8",
             "body": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
             "it_b_pay": "1d",
             "notify_url": "http://order.imooc.com/pay/notifyalipay",
             ",
             ",
             ",
             "seller_id": "yangyan01@tcl.com",
             "service": "mobile.securitypay.pay",
             "sign": "kZBV53KuiUf5HIrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQl                       pr%2BaMmdjO30JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D",
             "sign_type": "RSA",
             "string": "_input_charset=utf-8&body=京东订单-1710141907182334&it_b_pay=1d&notify_url=http://order.imooc.com/pay/                         notifyalipay&out_trade_no=1710141907182334&partner=2088002966755334&payment_type=1&seller_id=yangyan01@                         tcl.com&service=mobile.securitypay.pay&subject=京东订单-1710141907182334&total_fee=299&sign=kZBV53KuiUf5H                         IrVLBCcBpWDg%2FnzO%2BtyEnBqgVYwwBtDU66Xk8VQUTbVOqDjrNymCupkVhlI%2BkFZq1jOr8C554KsZ7Gk7orC9dDbQlpr%2BaMmdjO30                         JBgjqjj4mmM%2Flphy9Xwr0Xrv46uSkDKdlQqLDdGAOP7YwOM2dSLyUQX%2Bo4%3D&sign_type=RSA",
             "subject": "京东订单-1710141907182334",
             "total_fee": 299
             },
             "errorCode": 1000,
             "errorDesc": "成功",
             "status": 1,
             "timestamp": 1507979239100
         }
     res = "data.out_trade_no"
     json_exe = parse(res)
     madle = json_exe.find(order)
     print [math.value for math in madle][0]

五、工具类包 tool

5.1 操作excel (operation_excel.py)

 #coding:utf-8
 import xlrd
 from xlutils.copy import copy
 class OperationExcel:
     def __init__(self,file_name=None,sheet_id=None):
         if file_name:
             self.file_name = file_name
             self.sheet_id = sheet_id
         else:
             self.file_name = '../dataconfig/case1.xls'
             self.sheet_id = 0
         self.data = self.get_data()

     #获取sheets的内容
     def get_data(self):
         data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
         tables = data.sheets()[self.sheet_id]
         return tables

     #获取单元格的行数
     def get_lines(self):
         tables = self.data
         return tables.nrows

     #获取某一个单元格的内容
     def get_cell_value(self,row,col):
         return self.data.cell_value(row,col)

     #写入数据
     def write_value(self,row,col,value):
         '''
         写入excel数据
         row,col,value
         '''
         read_data = xlrd.open_workbook(self.file_name)
         write_data = copy(read_data)
         sheet_data = write_data.get_sheet(0)
         sheet_data.write(row,col,value)
         write_data.save(self.file_name)

     #根据对应的caseid 找到对应行的内容
     def get_rows_data(self,case_id):
         row_num = self.get_row_num(case_id)
         rows_data = self.get_row_values(row_num)
         return rows_data

     #根据对应的caseid找到对应的行号
     def get_row_num(self,case_id):
         num = 0
         clols_data = self.get_cols_data()
         for col_data in clols_data:
             if case_id in col_data:
                 return num
             num = num+1

     #根据行号，找到该行的内容
     def get_row_values(self,row):
         tables = self.data
         row_data = tables.row_values(row)
         return row_data

     #获取某一列的内容
     def get_cols_data(self,col_id=None):
         if col_id != None:
             cols = self.data.col_values(col_id)
         else:
             cols = self.data.col_values(0)
         return cols

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     opers = OperationExcel()
     print opers.get_cell_value(1,2)

5.2判断字符串包含，判断字典是否相等（common_util.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import json
 class CommonUtil:
     def is_contain(self,str_one,str_two):
         '''
         判断一个字符串是否再另外一个字符串中
         str_one:查找的字符串
         str_two：被查找的字符串
         '''
         flag = None
         if isinstance(str_one,unicode):
             str_one = str_one.encode('unicode-escape').decode('string_escape')
         return cmp(str_one,str_two)
         if str_one in str_two:
             flag = True
         else:
             flag = False
         return flag

     def is_equal_dict(self,dict_one,dict_two):
         '''
         判断两个字典是否相等
         '''
         if isinstance(dict_one,str):
             dict_one = json.loads(dict_one)
         if isinstance(dict_two,str):
             dict_two = json.loads(dict_two)
         return cmp(dict_one,dict_two)

5.3 操作header（operation_herder.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import requests
 import json
 from operation_json import OperetionJson

 class OperationHeader:

     def __init__(self,response):
         self.response = json.loads(response)

     def get_response_url(self):
         '''
         获取登录返回的token的url
         '''
         url = self.response['data']['url'][0]
         return url

     def get_cookie(self):
         '''
         获取cookie的jar文件
         '''
         url = self.get_response_url()+"&callback=jQuery21008240514814031887_1508666806688&_=1508666806689"
         cookie = requests.get(url).cookies
         return cookie

     def write_cookie(self):
         cookie = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(self.get_cookie())
         op_json = OperetionJson()
         op_json.write_data(cookie)

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     url = "http://www.jd.com/passport/user/login"
     data = {
         ",
         ",
         "verify":"",
         "referer":"https://www.jd.com"
     }
     res = json.dumps(requests.post(url,data).json())
     op_header = OperationHeader(res)
     op_header.write_cookie()

5.4 操作json文件（operation_json.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import json
 class OperetionJson:

     def __init__(self,file_path=None):
         if file_path  == None:
             self.file_path = '../dataconfig/user.json'
         else:
             self.file_path = file_path
         self.data = self.read_data()

     #读取json文件
     def read_data(self):
         with open(self.file_path) as fp:
             data = json.load(fp)
             return data

     #根据关键字获取数据
     def get_data(self,id):
         print type(self.data)
         return self.data[id]

     #写json
     def write_data(self,data):
         with open('../dataconfig/cookie.json','w') as fp:
             fp.write(json.dumps(data))

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     opjson = OperetionJson()
     print opjson.get_data('shop')

5.5 操作数据库（connect_db.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import MySQLdb.cursors
 import json
 class OperationMysql:
     def __init__(self):
         self.conn = MySQLdb.connect(
             host='localhost',
             port=3306,
             user='root',
             passwd=',
             db='le_study',
             charset='utf8',
             cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor
             )
         self.cur = self.conn.cursor()

     #查询一条数据
     def search_one(self,sql):
         self.cur.execute(sql)
         result = self.cur.fetchone()
         result = json.dumps(result)
         return result

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     op_mysql = OperationMysql()
     res = op_mysql.search_one("select * from web_user where Name='ailiailan'")
     print res

5.6 发送报告邮件（send_email.py）

 #coding:utf-8
 import smtplib
 from email.mime.text import MIMEText
 class SendEmail:
     global send_user
     global email_host
     global password
     email_host = "smtp.163.com"
     send_user = "jiaxiaonan666@163.com"
     password = "jia_668"
     def send_mail(self,user_list,sub,content):
         user = "jiaxiaonan"+"<"+send_user+">"
         message = MIMEText(content,_subtype='plain',_charset='utf-8')
         message['Subject'] = sub
         message['From'] = user
         message['To'] = ";".join(user_list)
         server = smtplib.SMTP()
         server.connect(email_host)
         server.login(send_user,password)
         server.sendmail(user,user_list,message.as_string())
         server.close()

     def send_main(self,pass_list,fail_list):
         pass_num = float(len(pass_list))
         fail_num = float(len(fail_list))
         count_num = pass_num+fail_num
         #90%
         pass_result = "%.2f%%" %(pass_num/count_num*100)
         fail_result = "%.2f%%" %(fail_num/count_num*100)

         user_list = ['609037724@qq.com']
         sub = "接口自动化测试报告"
         content = "此次一共运行接口个数为%s个，通过个数为%s个，失败个数为%s,通过率为%s,失败率为%s" %(count_num,pass_num,fail_num,pass_result,fail_result )
         self.send_mail(user_list,sub,content)

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     sen = SendEmail()
     sen.send_main([1,2,3,4],[2,3,4,5,6,7])

六、主函数

run_test.py

 #coding:utf-8
 import sys
 sys.path.append("C:/Users/lxz/Desktop/InterFace_JIA")
 from base.runmethod import RunMethod
 from operation_data.get_data import GetData
 from tool.common_util import CommonUtil
 from operation_data.dependent_data import DependdentData
 from tool.send_email import SendEmail
 from tool.operation_header import OperationHeader
 from tool.operation_json import OperetionJson
 class RunTest:
     def __init__(self):
         self.run_method = RunMethod()
         self.data = GetData()
         self.com_util = CommonUtil()
         self.send_mai = SendEmail()

     #程序执行的
     def go_on_run(self):
         res = None
         pass_count = []
         fail_count = []
         #10  0,1,2,3
         rows_count = self.data.get_case_lines()
         for i in range(1,rows_count):
             is_run = self.data.get_is_run(i)
             if is_run:
                 url = self.data.get_request_url(i)
                 method = self.data.get_request_method(i)
                 request_data = self.data.get_data_for_json(i)
                 expect = self.data.get_expcet_data_for_mysql(i)
                 header = self.data.is_header(i)
                 depend_case = self.data.is_depend(i)
                 if depend_case != None:
                     self.depend_data = DependdentData(depend_case)
                     #获取的依赖响应数据
                     depend_response_data = self.depend_data.get_data_for_key(i)
                     #获取依赖的key
                     depend_key = self.data.get_depend_field(i)
                     request_data[depend_key] = depend_response_data
                 if header == 'write':
                     res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)
                     op_header = OperationHeader(res)
                     op_header.write_cookie()

                 elif header == 'yes':
                     op_json = OperetionJson('../dataconfig/cookie.json')
                     cookie = op_json.get_data('apsid')
                     cookies = {
                         'apsid':cookie
                     }
                     res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data,cookies)
                 else:
                     res = self.run_method.run_main(method,url,request_data)

                 if self.com_util.is_equal_dict(expect,res) == 0:
                     self.data.write_result(i,'pass')
                     pass_count.append(i)
                 else:
                     self.data.write_result(i,res)
                     fail_count.append(i)
         self.send_mai.send_main(pass_count,fail_count)

     #将执行判断封装
     #def get_cookie_run(self,header):

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     run = RunTest()
     run.go_on_run()