Elasticsearch分片&副本分配

集群索引中可能由多个分片构成，并且每个分片可以拥有多个副本，将一个单独的索引分为多个分片，可以处理不能在单一服务器上运行的
大型索引.
由于每个分片有多个副本，通过副本分配到多个服务器，可以提高查询的负载能力.
为了进行分片和副本操作，需要确定将这些分片和副本放到集群节点的哪个位置，需要确定把每个分片和副本分配到哪台服务器/节点上.

1.索引创建&指定节点参数：
$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/filebeate-ali-hk-fd-tss1'
$curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1/_settings' -d '{
"index.routing.allocation.include.zone":"ali-hk-ops-elk1"
}'
将索引指定存放在elk1的节点上

$curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1/settings' -d '{
"index.routing.allocation.include._ip":"ip_addr1,ip_addr2"
}'
根据ip地址指定索引的分配节点

2.排除索引分配的节点：
$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss2'
$curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss2/_setting' -d '{
"index.routing.allocation.exclude.zone":"ali-hk-ops-elk2"
}'

$curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss2/_setting' -d '{
"index.routing.allocation.exclude._ip":"ip_addr1,ip_addr2"
}'
根据ip地址排除索引分配的节点

3.每个节点上分片和副本数量的控制：
对一个索引指定每个节点上的最大分片数量：
$curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1/_settings' -d '{
"index.routing.allocation.total_shards_per_node":1
}'

如果配置不当，导致主分片无法分配的话，集群就会处于red状态.

4.手动移动分片和副本：
移动分片：
$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute' -d '{
"commands":[{
"move":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"from_node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1",
"to_node":"ali-hk-ops-elk2"
}
}]
}'

取消分片：
$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute' -d '{
"commands":[{
"cancel":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1"
}
}]
}'

分配分片：
$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute' -d '{
"commands":[{
"allocate":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1"
}
}]
}'

将某个未分配的索引手动分配到某个节点上.

$curl -XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute' -d '{
"commands":[
{
"move":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"from_node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1",
"to_node":"ali-hk-ops-elk2"
}
},
{
"cancel":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1"
}
},
{
"allocate":{
"index":"filebeat-ali-hk-fd-tss1",
"shard":1,
"node":"ali-hk-ops-elk1"
}
}]
}'

5.关于unassigned shards的问题解决：

1)出现大量的unassigned shards
2)集群的状态为：red

集群状态：red-->存在不可用的主分片

A:fix unassigned shards:
查看所有分片的状态：
$curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_cat/shards'
查询所有unassigned的分片：
$curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_cat/shards' | grep UNASSIGNED

B:查询得到master节点的唯一标识：
$curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_nodes/process?pretty=true'

C:执行route对unassigned的索引进行手动分片：
for index in $(curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_cat/shards' | grep UNASSIGNED |awk '{print $1}'|sort |uniq):do
for shards in $(curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/_cat/shards' | grep UNASSIGNED | grep $index | awk '{print $2}'|sort|uniq):do
curl XPOST 'http://localhost:9200/_cluster/reroute'-d '{
"commands":[
{
"allocate":{
"index":$index,
"shards":$shards,
"node":"ali-k-ops-elk1",
"allow_primary":"true"
}
}
]
}'
done
done