Oracle-11g 中当执行 DBMS_STATS 时，因数据泵外部表文件缺失 Alert Log 告警 "ORA-20011、ORA-29913" 以及 "KUP-XXXXX"错误

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告警现象：

Alert Log 中 出现类似如下告警信息。

*** 2016-11-24 22:00:05.260

DBMS_STATS: GATHER_STATS_JOB: GATHER_TABLE_STATS('"ADM_ZSZ"','"ET$02D2001B0001"','""', ...)

DBMS_STATS: ORA-20011: Approximate NDV failed: ORA-29913: error in executing ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN callout

KUP-11024: This external table can only be accessed from within a Data Pump job.

 

告警原因：

当尝试读取外部表时，外部函数 "ODCIEXTTABLEOPEN" 报错。

真正原因是关联外部表的文件已不存在，而数据库却仍认为文件仍存在。数据库之所以认为文件仍存在是因为外部表的目录信息并未被改动。

而数据泵外部表文件缺失往往因为数据包作业没有正常结束导致。

 

处理步骤：

1.识别失效的数据泵作业

SQL> SELECT owner_name, job_name, rtrim(operation) "OPERATION", 

       rtrim(job_mode) "JOB_MODE", state, attached_sessions

  FROM dba_datapump_jobs

 WHERE job_name NOT LIKE 'BIN$%'

 AND state='NOT RUNNING'

 ORDER BY 1,2;

根据查询结果，识别出失效的数据泵作业。注意：并非所有"NOT RUNNING"的作业都是失效作业。

2.识别失效数据泵作业关联的数据表

SQL> SELECT o.status, o.object_id, o.object_type, 

       o.owner||'.'||object_name "OWNER.OBJECT" 

  FROM dba_objects o, dba_datapump_jobs j 

 WHERE o.owner=j.owner_name AND o.object_name=j.job_name 

   AND j.state='NOT RUNNING'

   AND j.job_name NOT LIKE 'BIN$%' ORDER BY 4,2; 

3.删除失效数据泵作业关联的数据表

根据步骤 2 "识别失效数据泵作业关联的数据表" 的结果，通过类似如下语句删除数据表。

SQL> DROP TABLE <schema>.<table_name> PURGE;

4.清理顽固的失效数据泵作业

重新执行步骤 1 "识别失效的数据泵作业" ，如果删除数据表后失效作业仍存在，则需要以作业所有用户连接数据库，执行类似如下语句。

例如：清理的失效作业的数据表名为 "SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01"，失效作业由 "SCOTT" 发起。

SQL> SET serveroutput on 

SET lines 100 

DECLARE 

   h1 NUMBER; 

BEGIN 

   h1 := DBMS_DATAPUMP.ATTACH('SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01','SCOTT'); 

   DBMS_DATAPUMP.STOP_JOB (h1); 

END; 

/

5.识别数据泵作业关联的失效外部表

注意：为了避免潜在的干扰因素，在识别不存在的外部表过程中，请确保没有数据泵作业在运行。

通过以下语句确定外部表

SQL> select owner, TABLE_NAME, TYPE_NAME, DEFAULT_DIRECTORY_NAME, ACCESS_TYPE

from dba_external_tables

order by 1,2;

通过以下语句确定数据泵作业的外部表

SQL> select OWNER,OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE, status,

to_char(CREATED,'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') created

,to_char(LAST_DDL_TIME , 'dd-mon-yyyy hh24:mi:ss') last_ddl_time

from dba_objects

where object_name like 'ET$%';

6.删除数据泵作业关联的失效外部表

根据步骤 5 "识别数据泵作业关联的失效外部表" 的结果，确保外部表属于数据泵进程，通过类似如下语句删除外部表。

SQL> DROP TABLE <schema>.<table_name> PURGE;

 

参考文档：

(1).《How To Cleanup Orphaned DataPump Jobs In DBA_DATAPUMP_JOBS  (文档 ID 336014.1)》

(2).《ORA-20011 ORA-29913 and ORA-29400 with Associated KUP-XXXXX Errors from DBMS_STATS.GATHER_STATS_JOB (文档 ID 1274653.1)》