短信登录与注册接口、前端所有方式登录注册页面、redis数据库介绍与安装

今日内容概要

• 短信登陆接口
• 短信注册接口
• 登陆注册前端
• redis介绍和安装

内容详细

1、短信登陆接口

在视图类 user/views.py中修改并添加:

from .serializer import MulLoginSerializer, SmsLoginSerializer # RegisterSerializer

class LoginView(GenericViewSet):
    serializer_class = MulLoginSerializer
    queryset = User

    # 两个登陆方式都写在这里面（多方式，一个是验证码登陆）
    # login不是保存，但是用post，咱们的想法是把验证逻辑写到序列化类中
    @action(methods=["post"], detail=False)
    def mul_login(self, request):
        return self._common_login(request)

        # 127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/user/login/sms_login

    @action(methods=["post"], detail=False)
    def sms_login(self, request):
        # 默认情况下使用的序列化类使用的是MulLoginSerializer---》多方式登陆的逻辑-->不符合短信登陆逻辑
        # 再新写一个序列化类，给短信登陆用
        return self._common_login(request)

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        # 方式一：
        # if 'mul_login' in self.request.path:
        #     return self.serializer_class
        # else:
        #     return SmsLoginSerializer

        # 方式二
        if self.action == 'mul_login':
            return self.serializer_class
        else:
            return SmsLoginSerializer

    def _common_login(self, request):
        try:
            # 序列化类在变
            ser = self.get_serializer(data=request.data, context={'request': request})
            ser.is_valid(raise_exception=True)  # 如果校验失败，直接抛异常，不需要加if判断了
            token = ser.context.get('token')
            username = ser.context.get('username')
            icon = ser.context.get('icon')
            return APIResponse(token=token, username=username, icon=icon)  # {code:100,msg:成功，token:dsadsf,username:lqz}
        except Exception as e:
            raise APIException(str(e))

from libs import tencent_sms_v3
from django.core.cache import cache

class SendSmsView(ViewSet):
    @action(methods=['GET'], detail=False)
    def send_message(self, request):
        try:
            phone = request.query_params.get('phone')
            # 生成验证码
            code = tencent_sms_v3.get_code()
            print(code)
            # code要保存，否则后面没法验证
            # sms_cache_%s格式化的字符串可以放到配置文件中---》用户自定义配置
            cache.set('sms_cache_%s' % phone, code, 60)  # 设置值，key value形式，key应该唯一，使用手机号
            # cache.get() # 取值，根据key取

            # 同步操作---》后期可以使用异步操作---》开一个线程调用
            res = tencent_sms_v3.send_sms(phone, code)
            if res:
                return APIResponse(msg='短信发送成功')
            else:
                raise APIException("短信发送失败")
        except Exception as e:
            raise APIException(str(e))

修改序列化类 user/serializer.py:

from .models import User
from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from django.core.cache import cache

# 这个序列化类，只用来做反序列化，数据校验，最后不保存，不用来做序列化
class MulLoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 一定要重写username这个字段，因为username这个字段校验规则是从User表映射过来的，
    # username是唯一，假设数据库中存在lqz这个用户，传入lqz，字段自己的校验规则就会校验失败，失败原因是数据库存在一个lqz用户了
    # 所以需要重写这个字段，取消 掉它的unique
    username = serializers.CharField(max_length=18, min_length=3)  # 一定要重写，不重写，字段自己的校验过不去，就到不了全局钩子

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['username', 'password']

    def validate(self, attrs):
        # 在这里面完成校验，如果校验失败，直接抛异常
        # 1 多方式得到user
        user = self._get_user(attrs)
        # 2  user签发token
        token = self._get_token(user)
        # 3  把token,username,icon放到context中
        self.context['token'] = token
        self.context['username'] = user.username
        # self.context['icon'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/'+str(user.icon)  # 对象ImageField的对象
        # self.context['icon'] = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/'+str(user.icon)  # 对象ImageField的对象
        request = self.context['request']
        # request.META['HTTP_HOST']取出服务端的ip地址
        icon = 'http://%s/media/%s' % (request.META['HTTP_HOST'], str(user.icon))
        self.context['icon'] = icon
        return attrs

    # 意思是该方法只在类内部用，但是外部也可以用，如果写成__就只能再内部用了
    def _get_user(self, attrs):
        import re
        username = attrs.get('username')
        if re.match(r'^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$', username):
            user = User.objects.filter(mobile=username).first()
        elif re.match(r'^.+@.+$', username):
            user = User.objects.filter(email=username).first()
        else:
            user = User.objects.filter(username=username).first()

        if not user:
            # raise ValidationError('用户不存在')
            raise ValidationError('用户名或密码错误')

        # 取出前端传入的密码
        password = attrs.get('password')
        if not user.check_password(password):  # 学auth时讲的，通过明文校验密码
            raise ValidationError("用户名或密码错误")

        return user

    def _get_token(self, user):
        # jwt模块中提供的
        from rest_framework_jwt.serializers import jwt_payload_handler, jwt_encode_handler
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        return token

# 只用来做反序列化，短信登陆
class SmsLoginSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    code = serializers.CharField(max_length=4, min_length=4)  # 字段自己的规则
    mobile = serializers.CharField(max_length=11, min_length=11)  # 一定要重写，不重写，字段自己的校验过不去，就到不了全局钩子

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['mobile', 'code']  # code不在表中，它是验证码，要重新

    def validate(self, attrs):
        # 1 验证手机号是否和合法 验证code是否合法---》去缓存中取出来判断
        self._check_code(attrs)
        # 2 根据手机号获取用户---》需要密码吗？不需要
        user = self._get_user(attrs)
        # 3 签发token
        token = self._get_token(user)
        # 4 把token，username，icon放到context中
        request = self.context['request']
        self.context['token'] = token
        self.context['username'] = user.username
        self.context['icon'] = 'http://%s/media/%s' % (request.META['HTTP_HOST'], str(user.icon))
        return attrs

    def _check_code(self, attrs):
        mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
        new_code = attrs.get('code')
        if mobile:
            # 验证验证码是否正确
            old_code = cache.get('sms_cache_%s' % mobile)
            # 置空
            if new_code != old_code:
                raise ValidationError('验证码错误')

        else:
            raise ValidationError('手机号没有带')

    def _get_user(self, attrs):
        mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
        # return User.objects.get(mobile=mobile)
        user = User.objects.filter(mobile=mobile).first()
        if user:
            return user
        else:
            raise ValidationError("该用户不存在")

    def _get_token(self, user):
        # jwt模块中提供的
        from rest_framework_jwt.serializers import jwt_payload_handler, jwt_encode_handler
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        token = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        return token

2、短信注册接口

在user/urls.py中添加路由：

# 127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/user/register --- >post请求
router.register('register', RegisterView, 'register')

在视图类 user/views.py中添加:

from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin

class RegisterView(GenericViewSet, CreateModelMixin):
    serializer_class = RegisterSerializer
    queryset = User.objects.all()

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # 方式一：
        super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)  # 小问题,code不是表的字段，需要用write_only

        # 方式二：
        # serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        # serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        # # self.perform_create(serializer)
        # serializer.save()

        return APIResponse(msg='注册成功')

在序列化类 user/serializer.py 中添加:

# 主要用来做反序列化，数据校验----》其实序列化是用不到的，但是create源码中只要写了serializer.data，就会用序列化
class RegisterSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    code = serializers.CharField(max_length=4, min_length=4, write_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ['mobile', 'code', 'password']
        extra_kwargs = {
            'password': {'write_only': True},
        }

    def validate(self, attrs):
        # 1 校验手机号和验证码
        self._check_code(attrs)
        # 2 就可以新增了---》User中字段很多，现在只带了俩字段，
        #   username必填随机生成，code不存表，剔除，
        #  存user表，不能使用默认的create，一定要重写create方法
        self._per_save(attrs)
        return attrs

    # 校验手机号
    def validate_mobile(self, value):  # 局部钩子
        if not re.match(r'^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$', value):
            raise ValidationError('手机号不合法')
        return value

    # 入库前准备
    def _per_save(self, attrs):
        # 剔除code，
        attrs.pop('code')
        # 新增username-->用手机号作为用户名
        attrs['username'] = attrs.get('mobile')

    # 写成公共函数，传入手机号，就校验验证码
    # 经常公司中为了省短信，回留万能验证码，8888
    def _check_code(self, attrs):
        # 校验code
        new_code = attrs.get('code')
        mobile = attrs.get('mobile')
        old_code = cache.get('sms_cache_%s' % mobile)
        if new_code != old_code:
            raise ValidationError("验证码错误")

    def create(self, validated_data):
        # 如果补充些，密码不是密文
        user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
        return user

3、登陆注册前端

# 打开前端luffycity项目

# 前端可以存数据的地方
	存到cookie中，js操作，在vue中可以借助vue-cookies第三方插件
		npm install vue-cookies -S
		在main.js中加入：
			import cookies from 'vue-cookies'
			Vue.prototype.$cookies = cookies;
	以后用
		this.$cookies.set()
		this.$cookies.get()

	localStorage，永久存储
		localStorage.setItem('key', 'value');
		localStorage.key = "value"
		localStorage["key"] = "value"

	sessionStorage，临时存储，关闭浏览器就没了
		sessionStorage.setItem("age",'19')

修改src/components/Login.vue:

<template>
  <div class="login">
    <div class="box">
      <i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_login"></i>
      <div class="content">
        <div class="nav">
                    <span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_pwd'}"
                          @click="change_login_method('is_pwd')">密码登录</span>
          <span :class="{active: login_method === 'is_sms'}"
                @click="change_login_method('is_sms')">短信登录</span>
        </div>
        <el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_pwd'">
          <el-input
              placeholder="用户名/手机号/邮箱"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-user"
              v-model="username"
              clearable>
          </el-input>
          <el-input
              placeholder="密码"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
              v-model="password"
              clearable
              show-password>
          </el-input>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="handlePasswordLogin">登录</el-button>
        </el-form>
        <el-form v-if="login_method === 'is_sms'">
          <el-input
              placeholder="手机号"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
              v-model="mobile"
              clearable
              @blur="check_mobile">
          </el-input>
          <el-input
              placeholder="验证码"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
              v-model="sms"
              clearable>
            <template slot="append">
              <span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
            </template>
          </el-input>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="handleMobileLogin">登录</el-button>
        </el-form>
        <div class="foot">
          <span @click="go_register">立即注册</span>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "Login",
  data() {
    return {
      username: '',
      password: '',
      mobile: '',
      sms: '',
      login_method: 'is_pwd',
      sms_interval: '获取验证码',
      is_send: false,
    }
  },
  methods: {
    close_login() {
      this.$emit('close')
    },
    go_register() {
      this.$emit('go')
    },
    change_login_method(method) {
      this.login_method = method;
    },
    check_mobile() {
      if (!this.mobile) return;
      if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
        this.$message({
          message: '手机号有误',
          type: 'warning',
          duration: 1000,
          onClose: () => {
            this.mobile = '';
          }
        });
        return false;
      }
      this.is_send = true;
    },
    send_sms() {
      if (!this.is_send) return;
      this.is_send = false;
      let sms_interval_time = 60;
      this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
      let timer = setInterval(() => {
        if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
          clearInterval(timer);
          this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
          this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
        } else {
          sms_interval_time -= 1;
          this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
        }
      }, 1000);
      // 发送短信 验证码
      this.$axios.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/send/send_message/?phone=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
        if (res.data.status == 100) {
          this.$message({
            message: '恭喜你，验证码发送成功',
            type: 'success'
          });
        } else {
          this.$message({
            message: '验证码发送失败，请稍后再试',
            type: 'warning'
          });
        }
      })
    },
    handlePasswordLogin() {
      // 用户名和密码是否填入了
      if (this.username && this.password) {
        this.$axios.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/login/mul_login/',
            {
              username: this.username,
              password: this.password
            }).then(res => {
          if (res.data.status == 100) {
            console.log(res.data)

            // 1 把token，和usernanme存到--cookie中
            // localStorage.setItem("name",'lqz')
            // sessionStorage.setItem("age",'19')
            this.$cookies.set("username", res.data.username, '7d')
            this.$cookies.set("token", res.data.token, '7d')
            this.$cookies.set("icon", res.data.icon, '7d')
            //2 关闭登陆框
            this.close_login()
          } else {
            this.$message.error(res.data.msg);
          }
        })
      } else {
        this.$message.error('用户名密码必填');
      }
    },
    handleMobileLogin() {
      if (this.mobile && this.sms) {
        this.$axios.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/login/sms_login/',
            {
              mobile: this.mobile,
              code: this.sms
            }).then(res => {
          if (res.data.status == 100) {
            console.log(res.data)
            // 1 把token，和usernanme存到--cookie中
            // localStorage.setItem("name",'lqz')
            // sessionStorage.setItem("age",'19')
            this.$cookies.set("username", res.data.username)
            this.$cookies.set("token", res.data.token)
            this.$cookies.set("icon", res.data.icon)
            //2 关闭登陆框
            this.close_login()
          } else {
            this.$message.error(res.data.msg);
          }
        })
      } else {
        this.$message.error('用户名密码必填');
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.login {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 10;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.box {
  width: 400px;
  height: 420px;
  background-color: white;
  border-radius: 10px;
  position: relative;
  top: calc(50vh - 210px);
  left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}

.el-icon-close {
  position: absolute;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 20px;
  top: 10px;
  right: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.el-icon-close:hover {
  color: darkred;
}

.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 40px;
  width: 280px;
  left: 60px;
}

.nav {
  font-size: 20px;
  height: 38px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}

.nav > span {
  margin: 0 20px 0 35px;
  color: darkgrey;
  user-select: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}

.nav > span.active {
  color: black;
  border-bottom: 3px solid black;
  padding-bottom: 9px;
}

.el-input, .el-button {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.el-button {
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.foot > span {
  float: right;
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: orange;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.sms {
  color: orange;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 70px;
  text-align: center;
  user-select: none;
}
</style>

修改src/components/Register.vue:

<template>
  <div class="register">
    <div class="box">
      <i class="el-icon-close" @click="close_register"></i>
      <div class="content">
        <div class="nav">
          <span class="active">新用户注册</span>
        </div>
        <el-form>
          <el-input
              placeholder="手机号"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-phone-outline"
              v-model="mobile"
              clearable
              @blur="check_mobile">
          </el-input>
          <el-input
              placeholder="密码"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-key"
              v-model="password"
              clearable
              show-password>
          </el-input>
          <el-input
              placeholder="验证码"
              prefix-icon="el-icon-chat-line-round"
              v-model="sms"
              clearable>
            <template slot="append">
              <span class="sms" @click="send_sms">{{ sms_interval }}</span>
            </template>
          </el-input>
          <el-button type="primary" @click="handleRegister">注册</el-button>
        </el-form>

        <div class="foot">
          <span @click="go_login">立即登录</span>
        </div>

      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: "Register",
  data() {
    return {
      mobile: '',
      password: '',
      sms: '',
      sms_interval: '获取验证码',
      is_send: false,
    }
  },
  methods: {
    close_register() {
      this.$emit('close', false)
    },
    go_login() {
      this.$emit('go')
    },
    check_mobile() {
      if (!this.mobile) return;
      if (!this.mobile.match(/^1[3-9][0-9]{9}$/)) {
        this.$message({
          message: '手机号有误',
          type: 'warning',
          duration: 1000,
          onClose: () => {
            this.mobile = '';
          }
        });
        return false;
      }
      // 加一个校验手机号是否存在的功能
      this.is_send = true;
    },
    send_sms() {
      if (!this.is_send) return;
      this.is_send = false;
      let sms_interval_time = 60;
      this.sms_interval = "发送中...";
      let timer = setInterval(() => {
        if (sms_interval_time <= 1) {
          clearInterval(timer);
          this.sms_interval = "获取验证码";
          this.is_send = true; // 重新回复点击发送功能的条件
        } else {
          sms_interval_time -= 1;
          this.sms_interval = `${sms_interval_time}秒后再发`;
        }
      }, 1000);
      // 发送短信 验证码
      this.$axios.get(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/send/send_message/?phone=' + this.mobile).then(res => {
        if (res.data.status == 100) {
          this.$message({
            message: '恭喜你，验证码发送成功',
            type: 'success'
          });
        } else {
          this.$message({
            message: '验证码发送失败，请稍后再试',
            type: 'warning'
          });
        }
      })

    },

    handleRegister() {
      if (this.mobile && this.sms && this.password) {
        this.$axios.post(this.$settings.base_url + 'user/register/',
            {
              mobile: this.mobile,
              code: this.sms,
              password: this.password
            }).then(res => {
          if (res.data.status == 100) {
            console.log(res.data)
            this.$message('恭喜您，注册成功');
            //2 关闭注册框
            this.close_register()
          } else {
            this.$message.error(res.data.msg);
          }
        })

      } else {
        this.$message.error('用户名密码必填');
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.register {
  width: 100vw;
  height: 100vh;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  z-index: 10;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.box {
  width: 400px;
  height: 480px;
  background-color: white;
  border-radius: 10px;
  position: relative;
  top: calc(50vh - 240px);
  left: calc(50vw - 200px);
}

.el-icon-close {
  position: absolute;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 20px;
  top: 10px;
  right: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.el-icon-close:hover {
  color: darkred;
}

.content {
  position: absolute;
  top: 40px;
  width: 280px;
  left: 60px;
}

.nav {
  font-size: 20px;
  height: 38px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}

.nav > span {
  margin-left: 90px;
  color: darkgrey;
  user-select: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 2px solid darkgrey;
}

.nav > span.active {
  color: black;
  border-bottom: 3px solid black;
  padding-bottom: 9px;
}

.el-input, .el-button {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.el-button {
  width: 100%;
  font-size: 18px;
}

.foot > span {
  float: right;
  margin-top: 20px;
  color: orange;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.sms {
  color: orange;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 70px;
  text-align: center;
  user-select: none;
}
</style>

修改src/components/Header.vue:

<template>
  <div class="header">
    <div class="slogan">
      <p>老男孩IT教育 | 帮助有志向的年轻人通过努力学习获得体面的工作和生活</p>
    </div>
    <div class="nav">
      <ul class="left-part">
        <li class="logo">
          <router-link to="/">
            <img src="../assets/img/head-logo.svg" alt="">
          </router-link>
        </li>
        <li class="ele">
          <span @click="goPage('/free-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/free-course'}">免费课</span>
        </li>
        <li class="ele">
          <span @click="goPage('/actual-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/actual-course'}">实战课</span>
        </li>
        <li class="ele">
          <span @click="goPage('/light-course')" :class="{active: url_path === '/light-course'}">轻课</span>
        </li>
      </ul>

      <div class="right-part">
        <div v-if="username">
          <span style="margin-right: 10px"><img :src="icon" alt="" width="35px" height="35px"></span>
          <span>{{ username }}</span>
          <span class="line">|</span>
          <span @click="handleLogout">退出</span>
        </div>
        <div v-else>
          <span @click="put_login">登录</span>
          <span class="line">|</span>
          <span @click="put_register">注册</span>
        </div>
      </div>
      <Login v-if="is_login" @close="close_login" @go="put_register"/>
      <Register v-if="is_register" @close="close_register" @go="put_login"/>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import Login from "@/components/Login";
import Register from "@/components/Register";

export default {
  name: "Header",
  data() {
    return {
      url_path: sessionStorage.url_path || '/',
      is_login: false,
      is_register: false,
      username: '',
      icon: ''

    }
  },

  methods: {
    goPage(url_path) {
      // 已经是当前路由就没有必要重新跳转
      if (this.url_path !== url_path) {
        this.$router.push(url_path);
      }
      sessionStorage.url_path = url_path;
    },
    close_login() {
      this.is_login = false
      // 登陆了，从cookie去取出username,
      this.username = this.$cookies.get('username')
      this.icon = this.$cookies.get('icon')
    },
    close_register() {
      this.is_register = false
    },
    put_register() {
      this.is_register = true
      this.is_login = false
    },
    put_login() {
      this.is_register = false
      this.is_login = true
    },
    handleLogout() {
      // cookie中的数据删除就退出了
      this.$cookies.set('username', '')
      this.$cookies.set('token', '')
      this.$cookies.set('icon', '')
      this.username = ''
      this.icon = ''
    }

  },

  created() {
    sessionStorage.url_path = this.$route.path;
    this.url_path = this.$route.path;
    // 登陆了，从cookie去取出username,
    this.username = this.$cookies.get('username')
    this.icon = this.$cookies.get('icon')
  },
  components: {
    Login, Register
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.header {
  background-color: white;
  box-shadow: 0 0 5px 0 #aaa;
}

.header:after {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  clear: both;
}

.slogan {
  background-color: #eee;
  height: 40px;
}

.slogan p {
  width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  color: #aaa;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 40px;
}

.nav {
  background-color: white;
  user-select: none;
  width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;

}

.nav ul {
  padding: 15px 0;
  float: left;
}

.nav ul:after {
  clear: both;
  content: '';
  display: block;
}

.nav ul li {
  float: left;
}

.logo {
  margin-right: 20px;
}

.ele {
  margin: 0 20px;
}

.ele span {
  display: block;
  font: 15px/36px '微软雅黑';
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.ele span:hover {
  border-bottom-color: orange;
}

.ele span.active {
  color: orange;
  border-bottom-color: orange;
}

.right-part {
  float: right;
}

.right-part .line {
  margin: 0 10px;
}

.right-part span {
  line-height: 68px;
  cursor: pointer;
}
</style>

4、redis介绍和安装

# 1 redis
	是一个非关系型数据库(区别于mysql关系型数据库，关联关系，外键，表)，nosql数据库(not only sql:不仅仅是SQL)，数据完全内存存储(速度非常快)

# 2 redis就是一个存数据的地方

# 3 redis是
	key --value  存储形式---》value类型有5大数据类型---》字符串，列表，hash(字典)，集合，有序集合

# java:hashMap  存key-value形式
# go：maps      存key-value形式
# 4 redis的好处
	(1) 速度快，因为数据存在内存中，类似于字典，字典的优势就是查找和操作的时间复杂度都是O(1)

	(2) 支持丰富数据类型，支持string，list，set，sorted set，hash

	(3) 支持事务，操作都是原子性，所谓的原子性就是对数据的更改要么全部执行，要么全部不执行

	(4) 丰富的特性：可用于缓存，消息，按key设置过期时间，过期后将会自动删除

# 5 redis 最适合的场景---》主要做缓存---》它又叫缓存数据库
	(1) 会话缓存（Session Cache）---》存session---》速度快
	(2) 接口，页面缓存---》把接口数据，存在redis中
	(3) 队列--->celery使用
	(4) 排行榜/计数器--->个人页面访问量
	(5) 发布/订阅

# 6 安装---》c语言写的开源软件---》官方提供源码
	如果是在mac或linux上需要 编译，安装

	redis最新稳定版版本6.x

	win：作者不支持windwos，本质原因：redis很快，使用了io多路复用中的epoll的网络模型，这个模型不支持win，所以不支持（看到高性能的服务器基本上都是基于io多路复用中的epoll的网络模型，nginx），微软基于redis源码，自己做了个redis安装包，但是这个安装包最新只到3.x，又有第三方组织做到最新5.x的安装包
	安装包---》编译完成的可执行文件---》下一步安装
	linux--》make成可执行文件---》make install 安装
	linux，mac平台安装

# 7 win下载地址
	最新5.x版本: https://github.com/tporadowski/redis/releases/
	最新3.x版本: https://github.com/microsoftarchive/redis/releases
	一路直接下一步安装

# mysql 有个图形化客户端-Navicat很好用
# redis 也有很多，推荐你用rdb
	https://github.com/uglide/RedisDesktopManager/releases  收费，99元永久，白嫖

# redis纯内存操作，有可能把内存占满了，这个配置是最多使用多少内存

# redis服务的启动与关闭
	方式一：安装完成后 win上，就在服务中了，把服务开启即可，在服务中启动关闭
		右键我的电脑--管理--服务和应用程序--服务--找到redis--右键属性--启动类型为：自动

	方式二：命令启动，等同于mysqld
		redis-server redis.windows-service.conf

# redis连接
	命令行：redis-cli -p 端口 -h 地址
	客户端 ：rdb直接连接