Application Programming Interface (API)

Wallets and Signers

A Wallet manages a private/public key pair which is used to cryptographically sign transactions and prove ownership on the Ethereum network.钱包管理一个私有/公钥对，该对用于在Ethereum网络上对交易进行加密签名并证明所有权。

Wallet

The Wallet implements the Signer API and can be used anywhere a Signer is expected and has all the required properties.钱包实现了签名者API，可以在需要签名者的任何地方使用，并具有所有必需的属性。

Creating Instances

new Wallet ( privateKey [ , provider ] )
Creates a new instance from privateKey and optionally connect a provider
使用私钥创建新实例并可选地连接provider
Wallet. createRandom ( [ options ] )   => Wallet

Creates a new random wallet. Ensure this wallet is stored somewhere safe, if lost there is NO way to recover it.

随机创建钱包。保证钱包存储在某个安全的地方，如果丢失了是没有办法恢复的

Options may have the properties:可选项的属性

  • extraEntropy — additional entropy to stir into the random source额外的熵加入到随机源中
Wallet. fromEncryptedJson ( json, password [ , progressCallback ] )   => Wallet （回调）
Decrypt an encrypted Secret Storage JSON Wallet (from Geth, parity, Crowdsale tools, or that was created using prototype.encrypt )
对加密的秘密存储JSON钱包进行解密
Wallet. fromMnemonic ( mnemonic [ , path = “m/44’/60’/0’/0/0” [ , wordlist ] ] )   => Wallet

Generate a BIP-039 + BIP-044 wallet from mnemonic deriving path using the wordlist. The default language is English (en).

通过使用wordlist并从path派生的助记词来创建 BIP-039 + BIP-044钱包。默认的语言是英语

In the browserified dist/ethers.min.js only the English wordlist is available. Each additional wordlist may be included by adding a <script> for the dist/wordlist-*.js想使用别的语言就在后面加上后缀

The current supported wordlists are:

Language node.js Browser
English (US) ethers.wordlists.en included
Italian ethers.wordlists.it dist/wordlist-it.js
Japanese ethers.wordlists.ja dist/wordlist-ja.js
Korean ethers.wordlists.ko dist/wordlist-ko.js
Chinese (simplified) ethers.wordlists.zh_cn dist/wordlist-zh.js
Chinese (traditional) ethers.wordlists.zh_tw dist/wordlist-zh.js

prototype . connect ( provider )   =>   Wallet

Creates a new Wallet instance from an existing instance, connected to a new provider.通过现成的实例去创建一个新的钱包实例，然后连接一个新的provider

实现例子：

1.load a private key

const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "0x0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123";

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey);

// Connect a wallet to mainnet

let provider = ethers.getDefaultProvider();

console.log(provider);

// FallbackProvider {

//   _network:

//    { name: 'homestead',

//      chainId: 1,

//      ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//      _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//   ready:

//    Promise {

//      { name: 'homestead',

//        chainId: 1,

//        ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//        _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//   _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//   _balances: {},

//   _events: [],

//   _pollingInterval: 4000,

//   _emitted: { block: -2 },

//   _fastQueryDate: 0,

//   _providers:

//    [ InfuraProvider {

//        _network:

//         { name: 'homestead',

//           chainId: 1,

//           ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//           _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//        ready:

//         Promise {

//           { name: 'homestead',

//             chainId: 1,

//             ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//             _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//        _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//        _balances: {},

//        _events: [],

//        _pollingInterval: 4000,

//        _emitted: { block: -2 },

//        _fastQueryDate: 0,

//        connection: { url: 'https://mainnet.infura.io/' },//连接的network

//        apiAccessToken: null },

//      EtherscanProvider {

//        _network:

//         { name: 'homestead',

//           chainId: 1,

//           ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//           _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//        ready:

//         Promise {

//           { name: 'homestead',

//             chainId: 1,

//             ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//             _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//        _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//        _balances: {},

//        _events: [],

//        _pollingInterval: 4000,

//        _emitted: { block: -2 },

//        _fastQueryDate: 0,

//        baseUrl: 'https://api.etherscan.io',

//        apiKey: undefined } ] }

console.log();

let walletWithProvider = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey, provider);

console.log(walletWithProvider);

// Wallet {

//   signingKey:

//    SigningKey {

//      privateKey:

//       '0x0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123',

//      keyPair:

//       KeyPair {

//         privateKey:

//          '0x0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123',

//         publicKey:

//          '0x046655feed4d214c261e0a6b554395596f1f1476a77d999560e5a8df9b8a1a3515217e88dd05e938efdd71b2cce322bf01da96cd42087b236e8f5043157a9c068e',

//         compressedPublicKey:

//          '0x026655feed4d214c261e0a6b554395596f1f1476a77d999560e5a8df9b8a1a3515',

//         publicKeyBytes:

//          [ 2,

//            102,

//            85,

//            254,

//            237,

//            77,

//            33,

//            76,

//            38,

//            30,

//            10,

//            107,

//            85,

//            67,

//            149,

//            89,

//            111,

//            31,

//            20,

//            118,

//            167,

//            125,

//            153,

//            149,

//            96,

//            229,

//            168,

//            223,

//            155,

//            138,

//            26,

//            53,

//            21 ] },

//      publicKey:

//       '0x046655feed4d214c261e0a6b554395596f1f1476a77d999560e5a8df9b8a1a3515217e88dd05e938efdd71b2cce322bf01da96cd42087b236e8f5043157a9c068e',

//      address: '0x14791697260E4c9A71f18484C9f997B308e59325' },//上面的私钥对应的address

//   provider:

//    FallbackProvider {

//      _network:

//       { name: 'homestead',

//         chainId: 1,

//         ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//         _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//      ready:

//       Promise {

//         { name: 'homestead',

//           chainId: 1,

//           ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//           _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//      _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//      _balances: {},

//      _events: [],

//      _pollingInterval: 4000,

//      _emitted: { block: -2 },

//      _fastQueryDate: 0,

//      _providers:

//       [ InfuraProvider {

//           _network:

//            { name: 'homestead',

//              chainId: 1,

//              ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//              _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//           ready:

//            Promise {

//              { name: 'homestead',

//                chainId: 1,

//                ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//                _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//           _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//           _balances: {},

//           _events: [],

//           _pollingInterval: 4000,

//           _emitted: { block: -2 },

//           _fastQueryDate: 0,

//           connection: { url: 'https://mainnet.infura.io/' },

//           apiAccessToken: null },

//         EtherscanProvider {

//           _network:

//            { name: 'homestead',

//              chainId: 1,

//              ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//              _defaultProvider: [Function] },

//           ready:

//            Promise {

//              { name: 'homestead',

//                chainId: 1,

//                ensAddress: '0x314159265dd8dbb310642f98f50c066173c1259b',

//                _defaultProvider: [Function] } },

//           _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//           _balances: {},

//           _events: [],

//           _pollingInterval: 4000,

//           _emitted: { block: -2 },

//           _fastQueryDate: 0,

//           baseUrl: 'https://api.etherscan.io',

//           apiKey: undefined } ] } }

2.create a new random account

const ethers = require('ethers');

let randomWallet = ethers.Wallet.createRandom();

console.log(randomWallet)

// Wallet {

//   signingKey:

//    SigningKey {

//      mnemonic:

//       'lend actress blossom tomorrow taste wolf harsh parent this hawk staff piece',

//      path: "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483648'/0/0",//path不是"m/44'/60'/0'/0/0"

//      privateKey:

//       '0xee7a2b6165a624535c3dc3cb0b9f58d01bf326bbab239f16a43ee704659eb234',

//      keyPair:

//       KeyPair {

//         privateKey:

//          '0xee7a2b6165a624535c3dc3cb0b9f58d01bf326bbab239f16a43ee704659eb234',

//         publicKey:

//          '0x04c9bdc4a2d31375540efaf5414c53d2e778da976bc2a3ddb2d5eefa5e6ac85ee3dd794af0b679fceb92df9bb0417267d3d5147ccf3a30c2e734edb7f933c98b63',

//         compressedPublicKey:

//          '0x03c9bdc4a2d31375540efaf5414c53d2e778da976bc2a3ddb2d5eefa5e6ac85ee3',

//         publicKeyBytes:

//          [ 3,

//            201,

//            189,

//            196,

//            162,

//            211,

//            19,

//            117,

//            84,

//            14,

//            250,

//            245,

//            65,

//            76,

//            83,

//            210,

//            231,

//            120,

//            218,

//            151,

//            107,

//            194,

//            163,

//            221,

//            178,

//            213,

//            238,

//            250,

//            94,

//            106,

//            200,

//            94,

//            227 ] },

//      publicKey:

//       '0x04c9bdc4a2d31375540efaf5414c53d2e778da976bc2a3ddb2d5eefa5e6ac85ee3dd794af0b679fceb92df9bb0417267d3d5147ccf3a30c2e734edb7f933c98b63',

//      address: '0x6C1383Bb5Fb9A993F158918bC25A1efcCB1F3813' },

//   provider: undefined }

3.load a JSON wallet（回调）

const ethers = require('ethers');

let data = {

    id: "fb1280c0-d646-4e40-9550-7026b1be504a",

    address: "88a5c2d9919e46f883eb62f7b8dd9d0cc45bc290",

    Crypto: {

        kdfparams: {

            dklen: ,

            p: ,

            salt: "bbfa53547e3e3bfcc9786a2cbef8504a5031d82734ecef02153e29daeed658fd",

            r: ,

            n:

        },

        kdf: "scrypt",

        ciphertext: "10adcc8bcaf49474c6710460e0dc974331f71ee4c7baa7314b4a23d25fd6c406",

        mac: "1cf53b5ae8d75f8c037b453e7c3c61b010225d916768a6b145adf5cf9cb3a703",

        cipher: "aes-128-ctr",

        cipherparams: {

            iv: "1dcdf13e49cea706994ed38804f6d171"

         }

    },

    "version" :

};

let json = JSON.stringify(data);//转成字符串格式

let password = "foo";

ethers.Wallet.fromEncryptedJson(json, password).then(function(wallet) {

    console.log("Address: " + wallet.address);

    // "Address: 0x88a5C2d9919e46F883EB62F7b8Dd9d0CC45bc290"

});

4.load a mnemonic phrase

⚠️这里的'm/44\'/60\'/0\'/0/0'在显示时显示为 "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483648'/0/0"，所以

"m/44'/60'/1'/0/0" 对应的就是 "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483649'/0/0"

const ethers = require('ethers');

let mnemonic = "radar blur cabbage chef fix engine embark joy scheme fiction master release";

let mnemonicWallet = ethers.Wallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic);

console.log(mnemonicWallet);

// Wallet {

//   signingKey:

//    SigningKey {

//      mnemonic:

//       'radar blur cabbage chef fix engine embark joy scheme fiction master release',

//      path: "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483648'/0/0",

//      privateKey:

//       '0xb96e9ccb774cc33213cbcb2c69d3cdae17b0fe4888a1ccd343cbd1a17fd98b18',

//      keyPair:

//       KeyPair {

//         privateKey:

//          '0xb96e9ccb774cc33213cbcb2c69d3cdae17b0fe4888a1ccd343cbd1a17fd98b18',

//         publicKey:

//          '0x0405b7d0996e99c4a49e6c3b83288f4740d53662839eab1d97d14660696944b8bbe24fabdd03888410ace3fa4c5a809e398f036f7b99d04f82a012dca95701d103',

//         compressedPublicKey:

//          '0x0305b7d0996e99c4a49e6c3b83288f4740d53662839eab1d97d14660696944b8bb',

//         publicKeyBytes:

//          [ 3,

//            5,

//            183,

//            208,

//            153,

//            110,

//            153,

//            196,

//            164,

//            158,

//            108,

//            59,

//            131,

//            40,

//            143,

//            71,

//            64,

//            213,

//            54,

//            98,

//            131,

//            158,

//            171,

//            29,

//            151,

//            209,

//            70,

//            96,

//            105,

//            105,

//            68,

//            184,

//            187 ] },

//      publicKey:

//       '0x0405b7d0996e99c4a49e6c3b83288f4740d53662839eab1d97d14660696944b8bbe24fabdd03888410ace3fa4c5a809e398f036f7b99d04f82a012dca95701d103',

//      address: '0xaC39b311DCEb2A4b2f5d8461c1cdaF756F4F7Ae9' },

//   provider: undefined }

console.log();

// Load the second account from a mnemonic

let path = "m/44'/60'/1'/0/0";

let secondMnemonicWallet1 = ethers.Wallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, path);

console.log(secondMnemonicWallet1);

// Wallet {

//   signingKey:

//    SigningKey {

//      mnemonic:

//       'radar blur cabbage chef fix engine embark joy scheme fiction master release',//这个账户与上面的账户虽然mnemonic是相同的，但是他的path不同，所以产生的账户是不同的

//      path: "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483649'/0/0",

//      privateKey:

//       '0xfb848dd410a29bc784745d01c877a2934a3711a2dd53b8e5c5c651139a3b3689',

//      keyPair:

//       KeyPair {

//         privateKey:

//          '0xfb848dd410a29bc784745d01c877a2934a3711a2dd53b8e5c5c651139a3b3689',

//         publicKey:

//          '0x04b56a6ea9ee08ceb0758d8564b2a33139e4da0ea36991d0fcc9fcba62e3a76f7834c86b3bc04342c697c4df9233a9a53b1c17e152a18751804f80f3b11a692baf',

//         compressedPublicKey:

//          '0x03b56a6ea9ee08ceb0758d8564b2a33139e4da0ea36991d0fcc9fcba62e3a76f78',

//         publicKeyBytes:

//          [ 3,

//            181,

//            106,

//            110,

//            169,

//            238,

//            8,

//            206,

//            176,

//            117,

//            141,

//            133,

//            100,

//            178,

//            163,

//            49,

//            57,

//            228,

//            218,

//            14,

//            163,

//            105,

//            145,

//            208,

//            252,

//            201,

//            252,

//            186,

//            98,

//            227,

//            167,

//            111,

//            120 ] },

//      publicKey:

//       '0x04b56a6ea9ee08ceb0758d8564b2a33139e4da0ea36991d0fcc9fcba62e3a76f7834c86b3bc04342c697c4df9233a9a53b1c17e152a18751804f80f3b11a692baf',

//      address: '0x9F7ffcb016b0f7b142529bF27ef1eC5b0039C32C' },

//   provider: undefined }

console.log();

// Load using a non-english locale wordlist (the path "null" will use the default)

let secondMnemonicWallet2 = ethers.Wallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, null, ethers.wordlists.ko);

//报错：Error: invalid mnemonic，因为mnemonic的内容为英文

console.log(secondMnemonicWallet2);

5.connect provider

connect也没有办法将provider添加到wallet上。connect()没有用，wallet的provider还是undefined

const ethers = require('ethers');

let mnemonic = "success rifle romance major host prosper subway regular edge old lake achieve";

let mnemonicWallet = ethers.Wallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic);

// console.log(mnemonicWallet);

// console.log();

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

console.log();

mnemonicWallet.connect(customHttpProvider);

console.log(mnemonicWallet);

更改：写成下面这样就好了，要连在一起写

const ethers = require('ethers');

let mnemonic = "success rifle romance major host prosper subway regular edge old lake achieve";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let mnemonicWallet = ethers.Wallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic).connect(customHttpProvider);

console.log(mnemonicWallet);

返回：

Wallet {

  signingKey:

   SigningKey {

     mnemonic:

      'success rifle romance major host prosper subway regular edge old lake achieve',

     path: "m/2147483692'/2147483708'/2147483648'/0/0",

     privateKey:

      '0x9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6',

     keyPair:

      KeyPair {

        privateKey:

         '0x9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6',

        publicKey:

         '0x04e5a5bca0b02b9b96b9009023adf1ef37bc79e4962b6ea11e1429cc03dc0a41ae3520322e2d5bfddc175a0c0883478bd372fee2b81dd28629fa1f8e10f390bfad',

        compressedPublicKey:

         '0x03e5a5bca0b02b9b96b9009023adf1ef37bc79e4962b6ea11e1429cc03dc0a41ae',

        publicKeyBytes:

         [ ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

           ,

            ] },

     publicKey:

      '0x04e5a5bca0b02b9b96b9009023adf1ef37bc79e4962b6ea11e1429cc03dc0a41ae3520322e2d5bfddc175a0c0883478bd372fee2b81dd28629fa1f8e10f390bfad',

     address: '0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8' },

  provider:

   JsonRpcProvider {

     ready: Promise { <pending> },

     _lastBlockNumber: -,

     _balances: {},

     _events: [],

     _pollingInterval: ,

     _emitted: { block: - },

     _fastQueryDate: ,

     connection: { url: 'http://localhost:8545' } } }

Prototype

prototype . address
The public address of a wallet钱包的账户地址
prototype . privateKey
The private key of a wallet; keep this secret钱包私钥，秘密保存
prototype . provider

A connected Provider which allows the wallet to connect to the Ethereum network to query its state and send transactions, or null if no provider is connected.允许钱包连接以太坊网络的连接provider，用来查询状态和发送交易。当没有provider连接时，其值为null

To change the provider, use the connect method, which will return a new instance of the Wallet connected to the provider.使用connect方法可以改变provider，且返回一个新的连接该provider的钱包实例

prototype . mnemonic
The mnemonic phrase for this wallet, or null if the mnemonic is unknown.钱包的mnemonic，如果未知则值为null
prototype . path   mnemonic的path，如果mnemonic未知则值为null
The mnemonic path for this wallet, or null if the mnemonic is unknown.

Signing

prototype . sign ( transaction )   =>   Promise<string>

Signs transaction and returns a Promise that resolves to the signed transaction as a hex string.

对交易签名并返回带着签名交易十六进制字符串的Promise

In general, the sendTransaction method is preferred to sign, as it can automatically populate values asynchronously.

通常sendTransaction方法将优先进行签名操作，因为它可以自动异步填充值

The properties for transaction are all optional and include:交易属性都是可选的，包括

  • to
  • gasLimit
  • gasPrice
  • nonce
  • data
  • value
  • chainId
prototype . signMessage ( message )   =>   Promise<string>

Signs message and returns a Promise that resolves to the flat-format signature.

对消息进行签名并返回带有flat格式签名的Promise

If message is a string, it is converted to UTF-8 bytes, otherwise it is preserved as a binary representation of the Arrayish data.

如果签名是一个字符串，将转换成UTF-8字节，否则，它将被保留为Arrayish数据的二进制表示形式

1.signing transactions

出现问题：

{ Error: Transaction hash mismatch from Provider.sendTransaction. (expectedHash="0xb48c1995addcf3268bdbe1a33878b7048de1fbfd5bc2ccb571ce63d2a4ab8953", returnedHash="0xb2047727e995b52c883c29b71819969c15d0f6e933e42ad19e84df08e14fa7fa", version=4.0.)

发现版本6.1.8的ganache-cli解决了这个问题，如果使用的是最新版的6.2.3版本，还是会抱这个错误,解决看ganache-cli

const ethers = require('ethers');

const utils = require('ethers/utils');

let privateKey = "9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey,customHttpProvider);

console.log(wallet.address);//0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8

console.log();

let transaction = {

    nonce: ,//(node:1036) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: nonce has already been used (version=4.0.13)

    gasLimit: ,

    gasPrice: utils.bigNumberify(""),

    to: "0x7DdaD6a67544efB0c51808c77009a7B98Cc81630",

    // ... or supports ENS names

    // to: "ricmoo.firefly.eth",

    //(node:1037) UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: insufficient funds (version=4.0.13),所以将value设为0

    value: ,

    data: "0x",

    // This ensures the transaction cannot be replayed on different networks

    // chainId:

};

let signPromise = wallet.sign(transaction)

signPromise.then((signedTransaction) => {

    console.log(signedTransaction);

    //0xf865808504a817c80083033450947ddad6a67544efb0c51808c77009a7b98cc8163080801ca0ae2b8b042371a68d2e00b3ad5949575e24428f0eb432d3094af4d72ee0cc63fea04de5df55127c7e9d9dedaa8d754afbb14fc32686ea31cfa01d1d06409dcf24be

    customHttpProvider.sendTransaction(signedTransaction).then((tx) => {

        console.log(tx);

        // {

        //    // These will match the above values (excluded properties are zero)

        //    "nonce", "gasLimit", "gasPrice", "to", "value", "data", "chainId"

        //

        //    // These will now be present

        //    "from", "hash", "r", "s", "v"

        //  }

        // Hash:

        // { nonce: 0,

        //   gasPrice: BigNumber { _hex: '0x04a817c800' },

        //   gasLimit: BigNumber { _hex: '0x033450' },

        //   to: '0x7DdaD6a67544efB0c51808c77009a7B98Cc81630',

        //   value: BigNumber { _hex: '0x00' },

        //   data: '0x',

        //   chainId: 0,

        //   v: 28,

        //   r:

        //    '0xae2b8b042371a68d2e00b3ad5949575e24428f0eb432d3094af4d72ee0cc63fe',

        //   s:

        //    '0x4de5df55127c7e9d9dedaa8d754afbb14fc32686ea31cfa01d1d06409dcf24be',

        //   from: '0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8',

        //   hash:

        //    '0xb48c1995addcf3268bdbe1a33878b7048de1fbfd5bc2ccb571ce63d2a4ab8953',

        //   wait: [Function] }

    }).catch((e) => {

        console.log(e);

    });

}).catch((e) => {

    console.log(e);

});

⚠️这里的sendTransaction使用的是provider.sendTransaction,如果使用wallet.provider,则会报错：

{ Error: invalid object (argument="object", value="0xf865028504a817c80083033450947ddad6a67544efb0c51808c77009a7b98cc8163080801ba05aff2cfaeea6300c27300fc44eeba439911c5aff606bb3b58427a6812c092eb8a02867804ba9d2443a60be158cf52ade06a49a810833aaf96f029b507d1e7d51b8", version=4.0.)

2.signing text messages

const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "0x3141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592"

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey);

// Sign a text message

let signPromise = wallet.signMessage("Hello World!")

signPromise.then((signature) => {

    // Flat-format

    console.log(signature);

    // "0xea09d6e94e52b48489bd66754c9c02a772f029d4a2f136bba9917ab3042a0474

    //    301198d8c2afb71351753436b7e5a420745fed77b6c3089bbcca64113575ec3c

    //    1c"

    // Expanded-format

    console.log(ethers.utils.splitSignature(signature));

    // {

    //   r: "0xea09d6e94e52b48489bd66754c9c02a772f029d4a2f136bba9917ab3042a0474",

    //   s: "0x301198d8c2afb71351753436b7e5a420745fed77b6c3089bbcca64113575ec3c",

    //   v: 28,

    //   recoveryParam: 1

    //  }

});

3.

const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "0x3141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592"

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey);

// The 66 character hex string MUST be converted to a 32-byte array first!

let hash = "0x3ea2f1d0abf3fc66cf29eebb70cbd4e7fe762ef8a09bcc06c8edf641230afec0";

let binaryData = ethers.utils.arrayify(hash);

let signPromise = wallet.signMessage(binaryData)

signPromise.then((signature) => {

    console.log(signature);

    // "0x5e9b7a7bd77ac21372939d386342ae58081a33bf53479152c87c1e787c27d06b

    //    118d3eccff0ace49891e192049e16b5210047068384772ba1fdb33bbcba58039

    //    1c"

});

Blockchain Operations

These operations require the wallet have a provider attached to it.

prototype . getBalance ( [ blockTag = “latest” ] )   =>   Promise<BigNumber>得到钱包在blockTag区块的账户的余额
Returns a Promise that resolves to the balance of the wallet (as a BigNumber, in wei) at the blockTag.
prototype . getTransactionCount ( [ blockTag = “latest” ] )   =>   Promise<number>得到钱包到blockTag区块为止进行的交易数量
Returns a Promise that resovles to the number of transactions this account has ever sent (also called the nonce) at the blockTag.
prototype . estimateGas ( transaction )   =>   Promise<BigNumber>估计交易需要使用的gas值
Returns a Promise with the estimated cost for transaction (as a BigNumber, in gas)
prototype . sendTransaction ( transaction )   =>   Promise<TransactionResponse>进行交易
Sends the transaction (see Transaction Requests) to the network and returns a Promise that resolves to a Transaction Response. Any propties that are not provided will be populated from the network.

1.query the network

⚠️使用wallet.estimateGas报错：

TypeError: wallet.estimateGas is not a function

改成provider.estimateGas

const ethers = require('ethers');

const utils = require('ethers/utils');

let privateKey = "0x9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey,customHttpProvider);

console.log(wallet.address);

wallet.getBalance().then((balance) => {

    console.log(balance);//BigNumber { _hex: '0x56bc5e0308441c000' }

}).catch((e) => {

    console.log(e);

});

wallet.getTransactionCount().then((count) => {

    console.log(count);//

}).catch((e) => {

    console.log(e);

});

let transaction = {

    nonce: ,

    gasLimit: ,

    gasPrice: utils.bigNumberify(""),

    to: "0x7DdaD6a67544efB0c51808c77009a7B98Cc81630",

    value: ,

    data: "0x",

};

customHttpProvider.estimateGas(transaction).then((gas) => {

    console.log(gas);//BigNumber { _hex: '0x5208' }

}).catch((e) => {

    console.log(e);

});

2.transfer ether

const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "0x9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey,customHttpProvider);

console.log(wallet.address);

let transaction = {

    nonce: ,

    gasLimit: ,

    gasPrice: ethers.utils.bigNumberify(""),

    to: "0x7DdaD6a67544efB0c51808c77009a7B98Cc81630",

    value: ethers.utils.parseEther('1.0'),

    data: "0x",

};

wallet.sendTransaction(transaction).then((hash) => {

    console.log(hash);

}).catch((e) => {

    console.log(e);

});

返回：

userdeMacBook-Pro:test-ethers user$ node index.js

0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8

{ nonce: ,

  gasPrice: BigNumber { _hex: '0x04a817c800' },

  gasLimit: BigNumber { _hex: '0x033450' },

  to: '0x7DdaD6a67544efB0c51808c77009a7B98Cc81630',

  value: BigNumber { _hex: '0x0de0b6b3a7640000' },

  data: '0x',

  chainId: ,

  v: ,

  r:

   '0x76bcd7c3d8a29ac8c61923b8bb09ffa612d370f1a6a487e49cf1a4954e4d66ba',

  s:

   '0x7628db1233925ab6576bc2f1114381ccc57fe24c71a14339739de351150941b9',

  from: '0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8',

  hash:

   '0x0d3ae20685f546518cd1cd061f765c755adcda00c07bf1e3fe6084a603762c75',

  wait: [Function] }

Encrypted JSON Wallets（得到UTC文件）

Many systems store private keys as encrypted JSON wallets, in various formats. There are several formats and algorithms that are used, all of which are supported to be read. Only the secure scrypt variation can be generated.

许多系统将私有密钥存储为加密的JSON钱包，格式各不相同。这里使用了几种格式和算法，它们都支持读取。只有安全scrypt变量才能生成。

See Wallet.fromEncryptedJson for creating a Wallet instance from a JSON wallet.上面有例子

prototype . encrypt ( password [ , options [ , progressCallback ] ] )   =>   Promise<string>

Encrypts the wallet as an encrypted JSON wallet, with the password.使用password加密钱包成为加密的JSON钱包

All options are optional. The valid options are可选选项:

  • salt — the salt to use for scrypt
  • iv — the initialization vecotr to use for aes-ctr-128
  • uuid — the UUID to use for the wallet
  • scrypt — the scrypt parameters to use (N, r and p)
  • entropy — the mnemonic entropy of this wallet; generally you should not specify this
  • mnemonic — the mnemonic phrase of this wallet; generally you should not specify this
  • path — the mnemonic path of this wallet; generally you should not specify this

If the progressCallback is specified, it will be called periodically during encryption with a value between 0 and 1, inclusive indicating the progress.如果指定了progressCallback，将在加密期间定期调用它，其值在0到1之间，包括指示进展的值。

1.encrypt a wallet as an encrypted JSON wallet

const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey,customHttpProvider);

let password = "password123";

function callback(progress) {

    console.log("Encrypting: " + parseInt(progress * ) + "% complete");

}

let encryptPromise = wallet.encrypt(password, callback);

encryptPromise.then(function(json) {

    console.log(json);

});

返回：

Encrypting: % complete

...

Encrypting: % complete

Encrypting: % complete

Encrypting: % complete

Encrypting: % complete

{"address":"3455f15cc11f2e77c055f931a6c918ccc7c18fd8","id":"9aabbebf-5189-4b64-b6f9-0f1fc36a1e00","version":,"Crypto":{"cipher":"aes-128-ctr","cipherparams":{"iv":"94d7b56547b04519f5e5cb792e88afba"},"ciphertext":"0d0703b21c7cd18a097d653d0cd952abbb339dd7ab13db89d077c2f6228d993f","kdf":"scrypt","kdfparams":{"salt":"4152023e125784aba95d7059f814b0dd22c71c5e98b8d0700a6c178031c83840","n":,"dklen":,"p":,"r":},"mac":"2bae299f8cda556b4ab9f6026241bb7ccd473d15c30d5efbaed718e81d3fb44d"}}

Signer API

The Signer API is an abstract class which makes it easy to extend and add new signers, that can be used by this library and extension libraries. The Wallet extends the Signer API, as do the JsonRpcSigner and the Ledger Hardware Wallet Signer.

签名者API是一个抽象类，它可以方便地扩展和添加新的签名者，这些签名者可以被这个库和扩展库使用。

To implement a Signer, inherit the abstract class ethers.types.Signer and implement the following properties:

要实现签名者，继承抽象类ethers.types。签名者和实现以下属性:

object . provider 得到连接的provider
A Provider that is connected to the network. This is optional, however, without a provider, only write-only operations should be expected to work.
object . getAddress ( )   =>   Promise<Address> 得到账户地址
Returns a Promise that resolves to the account address.
object . signMessage ( message )   =>   Promise<hex> 签署消息

Returns a Promise that resolves to the Flat-Format Signature for the message.

If message is a string, it is converted to UTF-8 bytes, otherwise it is preserved as a binary representation of the Arrayish data.

object . sendTransaction ( transaction )   =>   Promise<TransactionResponse> 发送交易
Sends the transaction (see Transaction Requests) to the network and returns a Promise that resolves to a Transaction Response. Any propties that are not provided will be populated from the network.
const ethers = require('ethers');

let privateKey = "9af0f29100b9575ffe7d5596d87003b6ada89076ca84342f1fe57d85acde4ca6";

let customHttpProvider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider("http://localhost:8545");

let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(privateKey,customHttpProvider);

console.log(wallet.provider);

// JsonRpcProvider {

//   ready: Promise { <pending> },

//   _lastBlockNumber: -2,

//   _balances: {},

//   _events: [],

//   _pollingInterval: 4000,

//   _emitted: { block: -2 },

//   _fastQueryDate: 0,

//   connection: { url: 'http://localhost:8545' } }

wallet.getAddress().then((address) =>{

    console.log(address);//0x3455f15cc11F2E77c055f931A6C918ccc7c18fd8

}).catch((e)=>{

    console.log(e);

});

ethers.js-2-wallets and signers的更多相关文章

  1. ethers.js-1

    https://docs.ethers.io/ethers.js/html/ What is ethers.js The ethers.js library aims to be a complete ...

  2. ethers.js-5-Utilities

    https://docs.ethers.io/ethers.js/html/api-utils.html 使用时再进行查看即可

  3. 【转】干货 | 【虚拟货币钱包】从 BIP32、BIP39、BIP44 到 Ethereum HD Ｗallet

    虚拟货币钱包 钱包顾名思义是存放$$$.但在虚拟货币世界有点不一样,我的帐户资讯(像是我有多少钱)是储存在区块链上,实际存在钱包中的是我的帐户对应的 key.有了这把 key 我就可以在虚拟货币世界证 ...

  4. 以太坊钱包开发系列4 - 发送Token(代币）

    以太坊去中心化网页钱包开发系列,将从零开始开发出一个可以实际使用的钱包,本系列文章是理论与实战相结合,一共有四篇:创建钱包账号.账号Keystore文件导入导出.展示钱包信息及发起签名交易.发送Tok ...

  5. 以太坊钱包开发系列2 - 账号Keystore文件导入导出

    以太坊去中心化网页钱包开发系列,将从零开始开发出一个可以实际使用的钱包,本系列文章是理论与实战相结合,一共有四篇:创建钱包账号.账号Keystore文件导入导出.展示钱包信息及发起签名交易.发送Tok ...

  6. 使用Etherscan API通过区块号获取块及叔块奖励

    本文原文链接 点击这里获取Etherscan API 中文文档(完整版) 完整内容排版更好,推荐读者前往阅读. 区块(Blocks) 区块相关的 API,接口的参数说明请参考Etherscan API ...

  7. Etherscan API 中文文档-交易以及检查交易收据状态

    本文原文链接 点击这里获取Etherscan API 中文文档(完整版) 完整内容排版更好,推荐读者前往阅读. 交易(Transaction) 交易相关的 API,接口的参数说明请参考Ethersca ...

  8. Etherscan API 中文文档-智能合约

    本文原文链接 点击这里获取Etherscan API 中文文档(完整版) 完整内容排版更好,推荐读者前往阅读. 智能合约(Contracts) 智能合约相关的 API,接口的参数说明请参考Ethers ...

  9. Etherscan API 中文文档-账号

    本文原文链接 点击这里获取Etherscan API 中文文档(完整版) 完整内容排版更好,推荐读者前往阅读. 账号(Account) 账号及地址相关的 API,接口的参数说明请参考Etherscan ...

随机推荐

  1. npm saveError ENOENT: no such file or directory

    1.报错情况 在执行npm install xxx时,出现如下:npm WARN saveError ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/nodetes ...

  2. csharp:获取 DNS、网关、子网掩码、IP

    /// <summary> /// DNS.网关.子网掩码.IP /// 涂聚文 2015 /// </summary> public class IPAddressStrin ...

  3. VMWare Workstation使用总结几则[转]

    VMWare Workstation使用总结几则   1.安装 使用GHOST盘安装时一定要注意,需要把空盘建立分区并设置为主分区 PQ的使用形式,进入PQ找到磁盘设置为启用 否则 启动后显示Boot ...

  4. Flink1.4.0中反序列化及序列化类变化

    Flink1.4.0中,反序列化及序列化时继承的类,有一些被标记为了“@deprecated”,路径上也有变化: 1.AbstractDeserializationSchema 以前路径 org.ap ...

  5. chrome 浏览器调用 ocx 插件

    原文:http://blog.csdn.net/wangchao1988ok/article/details/45193489 IE 上使用 ocx 插件网上已经有很多资料说明,这里就不重复了,那如何 ...

  6. Flare-On4 解题复现

    01 是一个 html 页面, 用开发者工具看看,发现是简单的 js 加密. 猜测加密算法可逆,试着用 PyvragFvqrYbtvafNerRnfl@syner-ba.pbz 作为输入,然后调试 , ...

  7. 云卡门禁苹果SDK_BLEDOOR_SDK_IOS_2016_12_15

    // // BLElib.h // BLElib // // Created by szbosk on 16/8/16. // Copyright © 2016年 szbosk. All rights ...

  8. Android微信支付—注意事项

    坑点一:PayReq的参数 sign的生成 PayReq对象有个参数为packageValue 而sign生成时要用到packageValue,但是对应的Key是package,这里的key容易弄错 ...

  9. python/numpy/pandas数据操作知识与技巧

    pandas针对dataframe各种操作技巧集合: filtering: 一般地,使用df.column > xx将会产生一个只有boolean值的series,以该series作为dataf ...

  10. SQL Server FOR XML PATH 和 STUFF函数的用法

    FOR XML PATH ,其实它就是将查询结果集以XML形式展现,将多行的结果,展示在同一行. 下面我们来写一个例子: 假设我们有个工作流程表: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Workfl ...