Linux --- vim 安装、支持python3的配置、插件自动补全YCM的安装配置及全过程错误总结

1.git（用来下载vim和相关插件）

sudo apt-get install git

2,cmake（用来编译clang-llvm）

sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake

3.vim，这里手动编译vim，因为需要python支持，直接apt-get的话会遇到很多麻烦

过程参考 https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe/wiki/Building-Vim-from-source
先安装依赖项，注意，Ubuntu 16.04是 `liblua5.1-dev`而不是 `lua5.1-dev`

sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev libgnome2-dev libgnomeui-dev \
    ibgtk2.0-dev libatk1.0-dev libbonoboui2-dev \
    libcairo2-dev libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxt-dev python-dev \
    python3-dev ruby-dev lua5.1 liblua5.1-dev libperl-dev git

4.验证安装

vim --version

查找到python，前面有加号即支持python

python3

注意：虽然 vim --version | grep python显示的python前面确实是加号, 但没有针对Ubuntu 16.04更改配置，导致vim支持还是没有安装。

所以个人认为。如果已经有vim的话还是移除它，重新安装

4.1移除：

sudo apt-get remove vim vim-runtime gvim
sudo apt-get remove vim-tiny vim-common vim-gui-common vim-nox

4.2配置：

cd ~
git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
cd vim
./configure --with-features=huge \
            --enable-multibyte \
            --enable-rubyinterp=yes \
            --enable-pythoninterp=yes \
            --with-python-config-dir=/usr/lib/python2.7/config-x86_64-linux-gnu \
            --enable-python3interp=yes \
            --with-python3-config-dir=/usr/lib/python3.5/config-3.5m-x86_64_linux-gnu \
            --enable-perlinterp=yes \
            --enable-luainterp=yes \
            --enable-gui=gtk2 --enable-cscope --prefix=/usr
make VIMRUNTIMEDIR=/usr/share/vim/vim81

4.3安装：

cd ~/vim
sudo make install

安装成功后，打开vim，命令模式下输入 :echo has("python") || has("python3")，结果是1就代表成功了。

4.4如果卸载的话相反的，需要保留vim文件夹并且安装checkinstall

sudo apt-get install checkinstall
cd ~/vim
sudo checkinstall

5.安装Vundle（用来管理vim插件）（类似于Python的pip）

5.1.安装：

git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

5.2.创建并配置.vimrc配置文件

将配置文件添加到你的用户的home文件夹中：

sudo vim ~/vimrc

添加如下内容（大佬配置一）：

set nocompatible              " be iMproved, required
filetype off                  " required

" set the runtime path to include Vundle and initialize
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
" alternatively, pass a path where Vundle should install plugins
"call vundle#begin('~/some/path/here')

" let Vundle manage Vundle, required
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
" The following are examples of different formats supported.
" Keep Plugin commands between vundle#begin/end.
" plugin on GitHub repo
Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
" plugin from http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html
" Plugin 'L9'
" Git plugin not hosted on GitHub
Plugin 'git://git.wincent.com/command-t.git'
" git repos on your local machine (i.e. when working on your own plugin)
Plugin 'file:///home/gmarik/path/to/plugin'
" The sparkup vim script is in a subdirectory of this repo called vim.
" Pass the path to set the runtimepath properly.
Plugin 'rstacruz/sparkup', {'rtp': 'vim/'}
" Install L9 and avoid a Naming conflict if you've already installed a
" different version somewhere else.
" Plugin 'ascenator/L9', {'name': 'newL9'}

" All of your Plugins must be added before the following line
call vundle#end()            " required
filetype plugin indent on    " required
" To ignore plugin indent changes, instead use:
"filetype plugin on
"
" Brief help
" :PluginList       - lists configured plugins
" :PluginInstall    - installs plugins; append `!` to update or just :PluginUpdate
" :PluginSearch foo - searches for foo; append `!` to refresh local cache
" :PluginClean      - confirms removal of unused plugins; append `!` to auto-approve removal
"
" see :h vundle for more details or wiki for FAQ
" Put your non-Plugin stuff after this line

或者添加如下内容（大佬配置二）：

"vundle
set nocompatible
filetype off

set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()

Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
"git interface
Plugin 'tpope/vim-fugitive'
"filesystem
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Plugin 'jistr/vim-nerdtree-tabs'
Plugin 'kien/ctrlp.vim' 

"html
"  isnowfy only compatible with python not python3
"Plugin 'jtratner/vim-flavored-markdown'
Plugin 'suan/vim-instant-markdown'
Plugin 'nelstrom/vim-markdown-preview'
"python sytax checker
Plugin 'nvie/vim-flake8'
Plugin 'vim-scripts/indentpython.vim'
Plugin 'scrooloose/syntastic'

"auto-completion stuff
"Plugin 'klen/python-mode'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
"Plugin 'klen/rope-vim'
"Plugin 'davidhalter/jedi-vim'
Plugin 'ervandew/supertab'
""code folding
Plugin 'tmhedberg/SimpylFold'

"Colors!!!
Plugin 'altercation/vim-colors-solarized'
Plugin 'jnurmine/Zenburn'

call vundle#end()

filetype plugin indent on    " enables filetype detection
let g:SimpylFold_docstring_preview = 1

""autocomplete
"let g:ycm_autoclose_preview_window_after_completion=1
" YouCompleteMe
set runtimepath+=~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_tags_files = 1           " 开启 YCM 基于标签引擎
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 1 " 注释与字符串中的内容也用于补全
let g:syntastic_ignore_files=[".*\.py$"]
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax = 1                  " 语法关键字补全
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments = 1
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf = 0
let g:ycm_key_list_select_completion = ['<c-n>', '<Down>']  " 映射按键, 没有这个会拦截掉tab, 导致其他插件的tab不能用.
let g:ycm_key_list_previous_completion = ['<c-p>', '<Up>']
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments = 1                          " 在注释输入中也能补全
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings = 1                           " 在字符串输入中也能补全
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 1 " 注释和字符串中的文字也会被收入补全
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf='~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/cpp/ycm/.ycm_extra_conf.py'
let g:ycm_show_diagnostics_ui = 0                           " 禁用语法检查
inoremap <expr> <CR> pumvisible() ? "\<C-y>" : "\<CR>" |            " 回车即选中当前项
nnoremap <c-j> :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>|     " 跳转到定义处
"let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion=2                 " 从第2个键入字符就开始罗列匹配

"custom keys
let mapleader=" "
map <leader>g  :YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR>
"
call togglebg#map("<F5>")
"colorscheme zenburn
"set guifont=Monaco:h14

let NERDTreeIgnore=['\.pyc$', '\~$'] "ignore files in NERDTree

"I don't like swap files
set noswapfile

"turn on numbering
set nu

"it would be nice to set tag files by the active virtualenv here
":set tags=~/mytags "tags for ctags and taglist
"omnicomplete
autocmd FileType python set omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete

"------------Start Python PEP 8 stuff----------------
" Number of spaces that a pre-existing tab is equal to.
au BufRead,BufNewFile *py,*pyw,*.c,*.h set tabstop=4

"spaces for indents
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*pyw set shiftwidth=4
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw set expandtab
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py set softtabstop=4

" Use the below highlight group when displaying bad whitespace is desired.
highlight BadWhitespace ctermbg=red guibg=red

" Display tabs at the beginning of a line in Python mode as bad.
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw match BadWhitespace /^\t\+/
" Make trailing whitespace be flagged as bad.
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw,*.c,*.h match BadWhitespace /\s\+$/

" Wrap text after a certain number of characters
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw, set textwidth=100

" Use UNIX (\n) line endings.
au BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw,*.c,*.h set fileformat=unix

" Set the default file encoding to UTF-8:
set encoding=utf-8

" For full syntax highlighting:
let python_highlight_all=1
syntax on

" Keep indentation level from previous line:
autocmd FileType python set autoindent

" make backspaces more powerfull
set backspace=indent,eol,start

"Folding based on indentation:
autocmd FileType python set foldmethod=indent
"use space to open folds
nnoremap <space> za
"----------Stop python PEP 8 stuff--------------

"js stuff"
autocmd FileType javascript setlocal shiftwidth=2 tabstop=2

5.3.直接运行vim，输入:PluginInstall，等待安装，结束后退出即可。

以后安装插件，直接可以编辑 .vimrc 文件，例如在.vimrc的 call vundle#begin()和 call vundle#end()之间加上 Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'，再运行 :PluginInsstall即安装YCM插件,

由于YouCompleteMe有223M左右，所以需要耐心等待，可以时不时用命令 du -s ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe观察文件夹大小

6.YCM(YouCompleteMe)自动补全

（用Vundle下载慢的话，可以先去官网下载：`git clone https://github.com/Valloric/YouCompleteMe ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe` )
使用的话有些特殊，需要编译之后才能使用。

6.1. cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe

6.2. 安装支持补全的语言关联: ./install.py

# 这里可以使用install --help查看支持哪些补全

./install.py --clang-completer # 关联C家族的语言; ./install.py # 支持python补全

6.3. 配置文件.ycm_extra_conf.py，包含了补全的系统头文件和源文件出处。（python可以不用配置）

修改flags下的列表即可，在里面添加所需的目录

sudo cp  ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/examples/.ycm_extra_conf.py ~/
sudo vim ~/.ycm_extra_conf.py

改前

改后

如果出现错误：

则 sudo vim ~/.ycm_extra_conf.py , 然后修改目录:

把.ycm_extra_conf.py放在当前目录配置，是因为YCM是先在当前目录查找再网上走一直递归到找到为止，并且只会加载一次，方便修改。

End

附录博客：

1. Vundle新老版本的Vundle安装见此文章vundle: vim插件管理安装之错误总结

2. .vimrc大佬配置二无注释的可以见此文章：Vim配置（python版）

3. YCM的安装配置见此文章Ubuntu 16.04 64位安装YouCompleteMe