iOS - Photo Album 图片/相册管理

前言

	NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController <NSCoding>
	@available(iOS 2.0, *)    public class UIImagePickerController : UINavigationController, NSCoding

• iOS 获取图片有三种方法：

  • 直接调用摄像头拍照；
  • 从相册中选择；
  • 从图库中选择。

• UIImagePickerController 是系统提供的用来获取图片和视频的接口。用 UIImagePickerController 类来获取图片视频，大体分为以下几个步骤：

  • 初始化 UIImagePickerController 类；
  • 设置 UIImagePickerController 实例的数据来源类型；
  • 设置代理；
  • 如果需要做图片修改的话设置 allowsEditing = YES。

1、imagePickerController 的创建

• Objective-C

  • 需遵守协议 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

    	// 实例化 UIImagePickerController 对象
    
    		UIImagePickerController *imagePickerController = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];
    
    		// 设置代理
    		imagePickerController.delegate = self;
    
    		// 设置是否需要做图片编辑，default NO
    		imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;
    
    		// 判断数据来源是否可用
    		if([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {
    
            	// 设置数据来源
            	imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
    
            	// 打开相机/相册/图库
            	[self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];
        	}
    
    	// UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法
    
    		// 取消选择
    		- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {
    
        		// 退出当前界面
        		[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    		}
    
    		// 选择完成
    		- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {
    
        		UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width,
        		                                                                              self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
        		[self.view addSubview:imageView];
    
        		// 获取点击的图片
        		imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
    
        		[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
    		}
    

• Swift

  • 需遵守协议 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate

    	// 实例化 UIImagePickerController 对象
    
    		let imagePickerController = UIImagePickerController()
    
    		// 设置代理
    		imagePickerController.delegate = self
    
    		// 设置是否需要做图片编辑，default NO.
    		imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true
    
    		// 判断数据来源是否可用
    		if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary) {
    
        		// 设置数据来源
        		imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceType.PhotoLibrary
    
        		// 打开相机/相册/图库
            	self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)
    		}
    
    	// UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法
    
    		// 取消选择
    		func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {
    
    			// 退出当前界面
        		picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    		}
    
    		// 选择完成
    		func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {
    
        		let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
        		self.view.addSubview(imageView)
    
    			// 获取点击的图片
        		imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage
    
    			picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
    		}
    

2、imagePickerController 的设置

• Objective-C

  	// 设置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 协议
   	imagePickerController.delegate = self;
  
  	// 设置是否需要做图片编辑
  	imagePickerController.allowsEditing = YES;
  
    	// 判断设备数据来源是否支持
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 来自图库
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 来自相机
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    	*/
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 判断摄像头是否支持
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,     // 后置摄像头
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront     // 前置摄像头
    	*/
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isCameraDeviceAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear]) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 判断闪光灯是否支持
    	if ([UIImagePickerController isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront]) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 获取数据来源支持的媒体类型
    	/*
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,      // 来自图库
    	  		"public.image",
    	  		"public.movie"
  
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,            // 来自相机
  			...
  
    	  	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
        		"public.image",
          	"public.movie"
  	*/
  	NSArray *mediaTypesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum];
  
      // 获取相机拥有的模式
      /*
      	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置摄像头
      		...
  
      	UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置摄像头
      		...
      */
      NSArray *captureModesArray = [UIImagePickerController availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice:UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront];
  
      // 设置数据来源
      /*
      	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,     // 来自图库，默认
      	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,           // 来自相机
       	UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum  // 来自相册
      */
      imagePickerController.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
  
      // 设置媒体类型
      /*
      	kUTTypeImage 包含：
  
      		kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的图片类型
      		kUTTypeJPEG;
      		kUTTypeJPEG2000;
      		kUTTypeTIFF;
      		kUTTypePICT;
      		kUTTypeGIF;
      		kUTTypePNG;
      		kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
      		kUTTypeAppleICNS;
      		kUTTypeBMP;
      		kUTTypeICO
  
      	kUTTypeMovie 包含：
  
      		kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的声音视频
      		kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
      		kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有视频没有声音
      		kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有声音没有视频
      		kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
      		kUTTypeMPEG;
      		kUTTypeMPEG4;
      		kUTTypeMP3;
      		kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
      		kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
      	需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  
      	default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.mediaTypes = @[(NSString *)kUTTypeImage, (NSString *)kUTTypeMovie];
  
  	// 设置摄像头
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear,   // 后置摄像头，默认
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront   // 前置摄像头
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraDevice = UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceFront;
  
  	// 设置相机模式
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto,  // 照相模式，默认
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModeVideo   // 录像模式
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto;
  
  	// 设置闪光灯模式
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOff  = -1,  // 关
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeAuto = 0,   // 自动，默认
  		UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn   = 1    // 开
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraFlashModeOn;
  
  	// 设置录像质量
  	/*
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh = 0,     // 高质量，highest quality
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeMedium = 1,   // 中质量，默认，Wi-Fi
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeLow = 2,      // 低质量，cellular network
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityType640x480 = 3,  // VGA 质量，VGA quality
  
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
  		UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeIFrame960x540 = 5
  
  		apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.videoQuality = UIImagePickerControllerQualityTypeHigh;
  
  	// 设置录像时间长度
    	/*
    		default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
  	imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600;
  
  	// 设置是否显示相机原生 UI
  	/*
  		set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = YES;
  
  	// 自定义相机视图
  	/*
  		set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView;
  
  	// 改变相机视图
  	/*
  		set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  
  		旋转 45 度，需要输入的参数为弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
     	*/
  	imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * M_PI);
  
  	// 打开相机/相册/图库
  	/*
  		访问设置的数据来源界面
  	*/
  	[self presentViewController:imagePickerController animated:YES completion:nil];
  
  	// 拍照
  	/*
  		拍摄照片
  	*/
  	[imagePickerController takePicture];
  
  	// 录像
  
      	// 开始录像
      	[imagePickerController startVideoCapture];
  
      	// 停止录像
        	[imagePickerController stopVideoCapture];
  
  	// 退出当前界面（相机/相册/图库）
  	/*
  		在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法中调用
  	*/
  	[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
  
  	// 获取选取媒体类型（图片或者视频）
  	/*
  		选取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一个字典。字典中的键：
  
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;     // 指定用户选择的媒体类型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
  			UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage; // 原始图片
  			UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;   // 修改后的图片，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
  			UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;      // 裁剪尺寸，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;      // 媒体的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;  // 原件的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata  // 当数据来源是照相机的时候这个值才有效
  
  			kUTTypeImage 包含：
  
  				kUTTypeImage;    			// 抽象的图片类型
  				kUTTypeJPEG;
  				kUTTypeJPEG2000;
  				kUTTypeTIFF;
  				kUTTypePICT;
  				kUTTypeGIF;
  				kUTTypePNG;
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
  				kUTTypeAppleICNS;
  				kUTTypeBMP;
  				kUTTypeICO
  
  			kUTTypeMovie 包含：
  
  				kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的声音视频
  				kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
  				kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有视频没有声音
  				kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有声音没有视频
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
  				kUTTypeMPEG;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4;
  				kUTTypeMP3;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
  				kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
  			需要 #import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h> 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  	*/
  
  		// 直接处理点击的媒体资源
  
  			UIImageView *imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width,
  			                                                                              self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
  			[self.view addSubview:imageView];
  
  			// 获取点击的图片
  			imageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
  
  		// 先判断点击的资源类型再处理
  
  			// 判断点击的媒体资源类型
  			if ([[info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerMediaType] isEqualToString:(NSString *)kUTTypeImage]) {
  
  				UIImageView *headerImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100)];
  				headerImageView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor greenColor] CGColor];
  				headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3;
  				[self.view addSubview:headerImageView];
  
  				// 获取点击的图片
  				headerImageView.image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage];
  			}
  

• Swift

    	// 设置代理，需遵守 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate 协议
  	imagePickerController.delegate = self
  
    	// 设置是否需要做图片编辑
    	imagePickerController.allowsEditing = true
  
    	// 判断设备数据来源是否支持
    	/*
    		case PhotoLibrary       // 来自图库
    		case Camera             // 来自相机
    		case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    	*/
    	if UIImagePickerController.isSourceTypeAvailable(.PhotoLibrary) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 判断摄像头是否支持
    	/*
    		case Rear   // 后置摄像头
    		case Front  // 前置摄像头
    	*/
    	if UIImagePickerController.isCameraDeviceAvailable(.Rear) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 判断闪光灯是否支持
    	if UIImagePickerController.isFlashAvailableForCameraDevice(.Front) {
  
    	}
  
    	// 获取数据来源支持的媒体类型
    	/*
    		PhotoLibrary,       // 来自图库
    			"public.image",
    			"public.movie"
  
    		Camera,             // 来自相机
    			...
  
    		SavedPhotosAlbum    // 来自相册
    			"public.image",
    			"public.movie"
    	*/
    	let mediaTypesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableMediaTypesForSourceType(.SavedPhotosAlbum)
  
    	// 获取相机拥有的模式
    	/*
    		Rear,	  	// 后置摄像头
    			...
  
    		Front	  	// 前置摄像头
    			 ...
    	*/
    	let captureModesArray = UIImagePickerController.availableCaptureModesForCameraDevice(.Front)
  
    	// 设置数据来源
    	/*
    		case PhotoLibrary       // 来自图库
    		case Camera             // 来自相机
    		case SavedPhotosAlbum   // 来自相册
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.sourceType = .PhotoLibrary
  
    	// 设置媒体类型
    	/*
    		kUTTypeImage 包含：
    			kUTTypeImage;               // 抽象的图片类型
    			kUTTypeJPEG;
    			kUTTypeJPEG2000;
    			kUTTypeTIFF;
    			kUTTypePICT;
    			kUTTypeGIF;
    			kUTTypePNG;
    			kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
    			kUTTypeAppleICNS;
    			kUTTypeBMP;
    			kUTTypeICO
  
    		kUTTypeMovie 包含：
    			kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;  // 抽象的声音视频
    			kUTTypeMovie;               // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
    			kUTTypeVideo;               // 只有视频没有声音
    			kUTTypeAudio;               // 只有声音没有视频
    			kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
    			kUTTypeMPEG;
    			kUTTypeMPEG4;
    			kUTTypeMP3;
    			kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
    			kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
    		需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  
    		default value is an array containing kUTTypeImage.
    	*/
   	imagePickerController.mediaTypes = [String(kUTTypeImage), String(kUTTypeMovie)]
  
    	// 设置摄像头
    	/*
    		Rear,  // 后置摄像头，默认
    		Front  // 前置摄像头
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraDevice = .Front
  
    	// 设置相机模式
    	/*
    		Photo,  // 照相模式，默认
    		Video   // 录像模式
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraCaptureMode = .Photo
  
    	// 设置闪光灯模式
    	/*
    		Off  = -1,  // 关
    		Auto = 0,   // 自动，默认
    		On   = 1    // 开
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraFlashMode = .On
  
    	// 设置录像质量
    	/*
    		TypeHigh = 0,    // 高质量，      highest quality
    		TypeMedium = 1,  // 中质量，默认， medium quality, Wi-Fi
    		TypeLow = 2,     // 低质量，      lowest quality, cellular network
    		Type640x480 = 3, // VGA 质量，    VGA quality
  
    		TypeIFrame1280x720 = 4,
    		TypeIFrame960x540 = 5
  
    		apply only if mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.videoQuality = .TypeHigh
  
    	// 设置录像时间长度
    	/*
    		default is 10 minutes. apply only mediaTypes includes kUTTypeMovie
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.videoMaximumDuration = 600
  
    	// 设置是否显示相机原生 UI
    	/*
    		set to NO to hide all standard camera UI. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
    	*/
    	imagePickerController.showsCameraControls = true
  
    	// 自定义相机视图
  	/*
  		set a view to overlay the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraOverlayView = myView
  
    	// 改变相机视图
    	/*
    		set the transform of the preview view. default is YES. available sourceType is Camera.
  
    		旋转 45 度，需要输入的参数为弧度，45/180 * M_PI，1 度 ＝ PI/180 弧度
  	*/
    	imagePickerController.cameraViewTransform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(0.25 * CGFloat(M_PI))
  
  	// 打开相机/相册/图库
    	/*
    		访问设置的数据来源界面
    	*/
    	self.presentViewController(imagePickerController, animated: true, completion: nil)
  
  	// 拍照
    	/*
    		拍摄照片
    	*/
  	imagePickerController.takePicture()
  
  	// 录像
  
      	// 开始录像
  		imagePickerController.startVideoCapture()
  
       	// 停止录像
  		imagePickerController.stopVideoCapture()
  
  	// 退出当前界面（相机/相册/图库）
  	/*
  		在 UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法中调用
  	*/
  	picker.dismissViewControllerAnimated(true, completion: nil)
  
  	// 获取选取媒体类型（图片或者视频）
  	/*
  		选取的信息都在 info 中，info 是一个字典。字典中的键：
  
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaType;       // 指定用户选择的媒体类型，包含着 kUTTypeImage 和 kUTTypeMovie
  			UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage;   // 原始图片
  			UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage;     // 修改后的图片，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
  			UIImagePickerControllerCropRect;        // 裁剪尺寸，只有打开编辑模式 info 里才有此键值对
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL;        // 媒体的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerReferenceURL;    // 原件的 URL
  			UIImagePickerControllerMediaMetadata    // 当数据来源是照相机的时候这个值才有效
  
  			kUTTypeImage 包含：
  				kUTTypeImage;                // 抽象的图片类型
  				kUTTypeJPEG;
  				kUTTypeJPEG2000;
  				kUTTypeTIFF;
  				kUTTypePICT;
  				kUTTypeGIF;
  				kUTTypePNG;
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeImage;
  				kUTTypeAppleICNS;
  				kUTTypeBMP;
  				kUTTypeICO
  
  			kUTTypeMovie 包含：
  				kUTTypeAudiovisualContent;   // 抽象的声音视频
  				kUTTypeMovie;                // 抽象的媒体格式（声音和视频）
  				kUTTypeVideo;                // 只有视频没有声音
  				kUTTypeAudio;                // 只有声音没有视频
  				kUTTypeQuickTimeMovie;
  				kUTTypeMPEG;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4;
  				kUTTypeMP3;
  				kUTTypeMPEG4Audio;
  				kUTTypeAppleProtectedMPEG4Audio
  
  			需要 import MobileCoreServices 才能用 kUTTypeImage 和 KUTTypeMovie 。
  	*/
  
  		// 直接处理点击的媒体资源
  
  			let imageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20))
  			self.view.addSubview(imageView)
  
          	// 获取点击的图片
  			imageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage] as? UIImage
  
  		// 先判断点击的资源类型再处理
  
          	// 判断点击的媒体资源类型
  			if (info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaType]?.isEqualToString(String(kUTTypeImage)) != nil) {
  
  				let headerImageView = UIImageView(frame: CGRectMake(20, 40, 100, 100))
  				headerImageView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.greenColor().CGColor
  				headerImageView.layer.borderWidth = 3
  				self.view.addSubview(headerImageView)
  
              	// 获取点击的图片
  				headerImageView.image = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage] as? UIImage
  			}
  

3、UIImagePickerControllerDelegate 协议方法

• Objective-C

  	// 取消选择，点击界面中的取消（Cancel）按钮时触发
  	- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker {
  
  	}
  
  	// 选择完成，点击界面中的某个图片或者选择（Choose）按钮时触发
  	- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info {
  
  	}
  

• Swift

  	// 取消选择，点击界面中的取消（Cancel）按钮时触发
  	func imagePickerControllerDidCancel(picker: UIImagePickerController) {
  
  	}
  
  	// 选择完成，点击界面中的某个图片或者选择（Choose）按钮时触发
  	func imagePickerController(picker: UIImagePickerController, didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo info: [String : AnyObject]) {
  
  	}