MySql必知必会实战练习（一）表创建和数据添加

1.实战环境

　　windows 10 64位

　　mysql-8.0.13

　　mysql编辑和查看工具：NaviCat for MySql

　　表脚本文件：

########################################
# MySQL Crash Course
# http://www.forta.com/books/0672327120/
# Example table creation scripts
########################################

########################
# Create customers table
########################
CREATE TABLE customers
(
  cust_id      int       NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  cust_name    char()  NOT NULL ,
  cust_address char()  NULL ,
  cust_city    char()  NULL ,
  cust_state   char()   NULL ,
  cust_zip     char()  NULL ,
  cust_country char()  NULL ,
  cust_contact char()  NULL ,
  cust_email   char() NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (cust_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

#########################
# Create orderitems table
#########################
CREATE TABLE orderitems
(
  order_num  int          NOT NULL ,
  order_item int          NOT NULL ,
  prod_id    char()     NOT NULL ,
  quantity   int          NOT NULL ,
  item_price decimal(,) NOT NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (order_num, order_item)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

#####################
# Create orders table
#####################
CREATE TABLE orders
(
  order_num  int      NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  order_date datetime NOT NULL ,
  cust_id    int      NOT NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (order_num)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

#######################
# Create products table
#######################
CREATE TABLE products
(
  prod_id    char()      NOT NULL,
  vend_id    int           NOT NULL ,
  prod_name  char()     NOT NULL ,
  prod_price decimal(,)  NOT NULL ,
  prod_desc  text          NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY(prod_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

######################
# Create vendors table
######################
CREATE TABLE vendors
(
  vend_id      int      NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  vend_name    char() NOT NULL ,
  vend_address char() NULL ,
  vend_city    char() NULL ,
  vend_state   char()  NULL ,
  vend_zip     char() NULL ,
  vend_country char() NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY (vend_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

###########################
# Create productnotes table
###########################
CREATE TABLE productnotes
(
  note_id    int           NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  prod_id    char()      NOT NULL,
  note_date datetime       NOT NULL,
  note_text  text          NULL ,
  PRIMARY KEY(note_id),
  FULLTEXT(note_text)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;

#####################
# Define foreign keys
#####################
ALTER TABLE orderitems ADD CONSTRAINT fk_orderitems_orders FOREIGN KEY (order_num) REFERENCES orders (order_num);
ALTER TABLE orderitems ADD CONSTRAINT fk_orderitems_products FOREIGN KEY (prod_id) REFERENCES products (prod_id);
ALTER TABLE orders ADD CONSTRAINT fk_orders_customers FOREIGN KEY (cust_id) REFERENCES customers (cust_id);
ALTER TABLE products ADD CONSTRAINT fk_products_vendors FOREIGN KEY (vend_id) REFERENCES vendors (vend_id);

create.sql

　　插入数据脚本文件：

########################################
# MySQL Crash Course
# http://www.forta.com/books/0672327120/
# Example table population scripts
########################################

##########################
# Populate customers table
##########################
INSERT INTO customers(cust_id, cust_name, cust_address, cust_city, cust_state, cust_zip, cust_country, cust_contact, cust_email)
VALUES(, 'Coyote Inc.', '200 Maple Lane', 'Detroit', 'MI', '', 'USA', 'Y Lee', 'ylee@coyote.com');
INSERT INTO customers(cust_id, cust_name, cust_address, cust_city, cust_state, cust_zip, cust_country, cust_contact)
VALUES(, 'Mouse House', '333 Fromage Lane', 'Columbus', 'OH', '', 'USA', 'Jerry Mouse');
INSERT INTO customers(cust_id, cust_name, cust_address, cust_city, cust_state, cust_zip, cust_country, cust_contact, cust_email)
VALUES(, 'Wascals', '1 Sunny Place', 'Muncie', 'IN', '', 'USA', 'Jim Jones', 'rabbit@wascally.com');
INSERT INTO customers(cust_id, cust_name, cust_address, cust_city, cust_state, cust_zip, cust_country, cust_contact, cust_email)
VALUES(, 'Yosemite Place', '829 Riverside Drive', 'Phoenix', 'AZ', '', 'USA', 'Y Sam', 'sam@yosemite.com');
INSERT INTO customers(cust_id, cust_name, cust_address, cust_city, cust_state, cust_zip, cust_country, cust_contact)
VALUES(, 'E Fudd', '4545 53rd Street', 'Chicago', 'IL', '', 'USA', 'E Fudd');

########################
# Populate vendors table
########################
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'Anvils R Us','123 Main Street','Southfield','MI','', 'USA');
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'LT Supplies','500 Park Street','Anytown','OH','', 'USA');
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'ACME','555 High Street','Los Angeles','CA','', 'USA');
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'Furball Inc.','1000 5th Avenue','New York','NY','', 'USA');
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'Jet Set','42 Galaxy Road','London', NULL,'N16 6PS', 'England');
INSERT INTO vendors(vend_id, vend_name, vend_address, vend_city, vend_state, vend_zip, vend_country)
VALUES(,'Jouets Et Ours','1 Rue Amusement','Paris', NULL,'', 'France');

#########################
# Populate products table
#########################
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('ANV01', , '.5 ton anvil', 5.99, '.5 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('ANV02', , '1 ton anvil', 9.99, '1 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('ANV03', , '2 ton anvil', 14.99, '2 ton anvil, black, complete with handy hook and carrying case');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('OL1', , 'Oil can', 8.99, 'Oil can, red');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('FU1', , 'Fuses', 3.42, '1 dozen, extra long');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('SLING', , 'Sling', 4.49, 'Sling, one size fits all');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('TNT1', , 'TNT (1 stick)', 2.50, 'TNT, red, single stick');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('TNT2', , 'TNT (5 sticks)', , 'TNT, red, pack of 10 sticks');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('FB', , 'Bird seed', , 'Large bag (suitable for road runners)');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('FC', , 'Carrots', 2.50, 'Carrots (rabbit hunting season only)');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('SAFE', , 'Safe', , 'Safe with combination lock');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('DTNTR', , 'Detonator', , 'Detonator (plunger powered), fuses not included');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('JP1000', , 'JetPack 1000', , 'JetPack 1000, intended for single use');
INSERT INTO products(prod_id, vend_id, prod_name, prod_price, prod_desc)
VALUES('JP2000', , 'JetPack 2000', , 'JetPack 2000, multi-use');

#######################
# Populate orders table
#######################
INSERT INTO orders(order_num, order_date, cust_id)
VALUES(, '2005-09-01', );
INSERT INTO orders(order_num, order_date, cust_id)
VALUES(, '2005-09-12', );
INSERT INTO orders(order_num, order_date, cust_id)
VALUES(, '2005-09-30', );
INSERT INTO orders(order_num, order_date, cust_id)
VALUES(, '2005-10-03', );
INSERT INTO orders(order_num, order_date, cust_id)
VALUES(, '2005-10-08', );

###########################
# Populate orderitems table
###########################
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'ANV01', , 5.99);
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'ANV02', , 9.99);
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'TNT2', , );
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'FB', , );
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'JP2000', , );
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'TNT2', , );
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'FC', , 2.50);
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'FB', , );
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'OL1', , 8.99);
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'SLING', , 4.49);
INSERT INTO orderitems(order_num, order_item, prod_id, quantity, item_price)
VALUES(, , 'ANV03', , 14.99);

#############################
# Populate productnotes table
#############################
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'TNT2', '2005-08-17',
'Customer complaint:
Sticks not individually wrapped, too easy to mistakenly detonate all at once.
Recommend individual wrapping.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'OL1', '2005-08-18',
'Can shipped full, refills not available.
Need to order new can if refill needed.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'SAFE', '2005-08-18',
'Safe is combination locked, combination not provided with safe.
This is rarely a problem as safes are typically blown up or dropped by customers.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'FC', '2005-08-19',
'Quantity varies, sold by the sack load.
All guaranteed to be bright and orange, and suitable for use as rabbit bait.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'TNT2', '2005-08-20',
'Included fuses are short and have been known to detonate too quickly for some customers.
Longer fuses are available (item FU1) and should be recommended.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'TNT2', '2005-08-22',
'Matches not included, recommend purchase of matches or detonator (item DTNTR).'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'SAFE', '2005-08-23',
'Please note that no returns will be accepted if safe opened using explosives.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'ANV01', '2005-08-25',
'Multiple customer returns, anvils failing to drop fast enough or falling backwards on purchaser. Recommend that customer considers using heavier anvils.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'ANV03', '2005-09-01',
'Item is extremely heavy. Designed for dropping, not recommended for use with slings, ropes, pulleys, or tightropes.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'FC', '2005-09-01',
'Customer complaint: rabbit has been able to detect trap, food apparently less effective now.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'SLING', '2005-09-02',
'Shipped unassembled, requires common tools (including oversized hammer).'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'SAFE', '2005-09-02',
'Customer complaint:
Circular hole in safe floor can apparently be easily cut with handsaw.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'ANV01', '2005-09-05',
'Customer complaint:
Not heavy enough to generate flying stars around head of victim. If being purchased for dropping, recommend ANV02 or ANV03 instead.'
);
INSERT INTO productnotes(note_id, prod_id, note_date, note_text)
VALUES(, 'SAFE', '2005-09-07',
'Call from individual trapped in safe plummeting to the ground, suggests an escape hatch be added.
Comment forwarded to vendor.'
);

populate.sql

2. 创建数据库和表

（1）创建数据库sqlbzhu

　　create database sqlbzbh;

（2）一次创建create.sql脚本文件中的表

　　以customers表为例

　　查看customers表fileds

　　其他表用NaviCat工具创建,见下图

3. 为表插入数据

　　依然以customers表为例插入数据，其他表的数据通过Navicat for MySql添加

方法1：不用域字段插入一行（不推荐）

方法2：使用域字段插入一行（安全但繁琐，推荐使用）

方法3：插入多行

4. 删除表中的一行数据

　　delete from customers where cust_id = 10005;

5. 删除表中的某个字段列

　　删除cust_zip列:alter table customers drop column cust_zip;

6. 为表添加字段cust_zip

　　alter table customers add cust_zip char(10) NOT NULL;

7. 为行的某个字段添加值

　　update customers set cust_zip = '44444' where cust_id = 10001;

8. 更改列名

　　alter table customers change cust_zip cust_modify char(10) NOT NULL;

9. 修改filed类型

　　alter table customers modify column cust_name var(255) NOT NULL;

10. 各表内容展示

（1）customers

（2）orderitems

（3）orders

（4）productnotes

（5）products

（6）vendors