Android BLE与终端通信（三）——client与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

Android BLE与终端通信（三）——client与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信

---

前面的终究仅仅是小知识点。上不了台面，也仅仅能算是起到一个科普的作用。而同步到实际的开发上去，今天就来延续前两篇实现蓝牙主从关系的client和服务端了。本文相关链接须要去google的API上查看，须要翻墙的

Bluetooth Low Energy：http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/bluetooth-le.html

可是我们依旧没有讲到BLE(低功耗蓝牙)。放心，下一篇就回讲到。跟前面的基本上非常大的不同，我们今天来看下client和服务端的实现

我们以上篇为栗子：

Android BLE与终端通信（二）——Android Bluetooth基础搜索蓝牙设备显示列表

一.蓝牙传输数据

蓝牙传输数据事实上跟我们的 Socket（套接字）有点相似。假设有不懂的。能够百度一下概念，我们仅仅要知道是这么回事就能够了，在网络中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制client和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由client和服务端来完毕的，蓝牙clientSocket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在android.bluetooth包下。并且不管是BluetoothSocket还是BluetoothServerSocket，我们都须要一个UUID（标识符），这个UUID在上篇也是有提到，并且他的格式也是固定的：

UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12)

第一段是8位，中间三段式4位，最后一段是12位。UUID相当于Socket的端口。而蓝牙地址则相当于Socket的IP

1.activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="btnSearch"
        android:text="搜索蓝牙设备" />

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lvDevices"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

</LinearLayout>

2.实现步骤

1.声明

我们须要的东西

  // 本地蓝牙适配器
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
    // 列表
    private ListView lvDevices;
    // 存储搜索到的蓝牙
    private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
    // listview的adapter
    private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
    // UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID
    private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
     .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
    // 连接对象的名称
    private final String NAME = "LGL";
    // 这里本身即是服务端也是client，须要例如以下类
    private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
    private BluetoothDevice device;
    // 输出流_client须要往服务端输出
    private OutputStream os;

2.初始化

// 获取本地蓝牙适配器
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

        // 推断手机是否支持蓝牙
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            finish();
        }

        // 推断是否打开蓝牙
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            // 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开
            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            // 不做提示，强行打开
            // mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
        }
        // 初始化listview
        lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
        lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);

        // 获取已经配对的设备
        Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
                .getBondedDevices();

        // 推断是否有配对过的设备
        if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
            for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                // 遍历到列表中
                bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
                        + device.getAddress() + "\n");
            }
        }

        // adapter
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
                bluetoothDevices);
        lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

        /**
         * 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收
         */
        // 找到设备的广播
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        // 注冊广播
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
        // 搜索完毕的广播
        filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
        // 注冊广播
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
    }

3.点击搜索

public void btnSearch(View v) {
        // 设置进度条
        setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
        setTitle("正在搜索...");
        // 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
        if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
        // 開始搜索
        mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
    }

4.搜索设备

private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // 收到的广播类型
            String action = intent.getAction();
            // 发现设备的广播
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                // 从intent中获取设备
                BluetoothDevice device = intent
                        .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                // 推断是否配对过
                if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
                    // 加入到列表
                    bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
                            + device.getAddress() + "\n");
                    arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

                }
                // 搜索完毕
            } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
                    .equals(action)) {
                // 关闭进度条
                setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
                setTitle("搜索完毕！");
            }
        }
    };

5.client实现已经发送数据流

    // client
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?

> parent, View view, int position,
            long id) {
        // 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名
        String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
        // 单独解析地址
        String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();

        // 主动连接蓝牙
        try {
            // 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
            if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
                mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
            }
            try {
                // 推断能否够获得
                if (device == null) {
                    // 获得远程设备
                    device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
                }
                // 開始连接
                if (clientSocket == null) {
                    clientSocket = device
                            .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
                    // 连接
                    clientSocket.connect();
                    // 获得输出流
                    os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();

                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
            }
            // 假设成功获得输出流
            if (os != null) {
                os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
        }
    }

6.Handler服务

// 服务端，须要监听client的线程类
    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            super.handleMessage(msg);
        }
    };

7.服务端读取数据流

// 线程服务类
    private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
        private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
        private BluetoothSocket socket;
        // 输入 输出流
        private OutputStream os;
        private InputStream is;

        public AcceptThread() {
            try {
                serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
                        .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 截获client的蓝牙消息
            try {
                socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假设堵塞了。就会一直停留在这里
                is = socket.getInputStream();
                os = socket.getOutputStream();
                // 不断接收请求,假设client没有发送的话还是会堵塞
                while (true) {
                    // 每次仅仅发送128个字节
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
                    // 读取
                    int count = is.read();
                    // 假设读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast
                    Message msg = new Message();
                    msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
            }
        }
    }

8.开启服务

首先要声明

        //启动服务
        ac = new AcceptThread();
        ac.start();

MainActivity完整代码

package com.lgl.bluetoothget;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.UUID;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener {

    // 本地蓝牙适配器
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
    // 列表
    private ListView lvDevices;
    // 存储搜索到的蓝牙
    private List<String> bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
    // listview的adapter
    private ArrayAdapter<String> arrayAdapter;
    // UUID.randomUUID()随机获取UUID
    private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID
     .fromString("db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3");
    // 连接对象的名称
    private final String NAME = "LGL";

    // 这里本身即是服务端也是client，须要例如以下类
    private BluetoothSocket clientSocket;
    private BluetoothDevice device;
    // 输出流_client须要往服务端输出
    private OutputStream os;
    //线程类的实例
    private AcceptThread ac;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initView();
    }

    private void initView() {

        // 获取本地蓝牙适配器
        mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

        // 推断手机是否支持蓝牙
        if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            finish();
        }

        // 推断是否打开蓝牙
        if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
            // 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开
            Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
            startActivityForResult(intent, 1);
            // 不做提示。强行打开
            // mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
        }
        // 初始化listview
        lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices);
        lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this);

        // 获取已经配对的设备
        Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter
                .getBondedDevices();

        // 推断是否有配对过的设备
        if (pairedDevices.size() > 0) {
            for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) {
                // 遍历到列表中
                bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
                        + device.getAddress() + "\n");
            }
        }

        // adapter
        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
                android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1,
                bluetoothDevices);
        lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);

        //启动服务
        ac = new AcceptThread();
        ac.start();

        /**
         * 异步搜索蓝牙设备——广播接收
         */
        // 找到设备的广播
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        // 注冊广播
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
        // 搜索完毕的广播
        filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
        // 注冊广播
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
    }

    public void btnSearch(View v) {
        // 设置进度条
        setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
        setTitle("正在搜索...");
        // 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索。就取消搜索
        if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
            mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
        }
        // 開始搜索
        mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
    }

    // 广播接收器
    private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {

        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // 收到的广播类型
            String action = intent.getAction();
            // 发现设备的广播
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                // 从intent中获取设备
                BluetoothDevice device = intent
                        .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                // 推断是否配对过
                if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {
                    // 加入到列表
                    bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName() + ":"
                            + device.getAddress() + "\n");
                    arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

                }
                // 搜索完毕
            } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED
                    .equals(action)) {
                // 关闭进度条
                setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
                setTitle("搜索完毕！");
            }
        }
    };

    // client
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?

> parent, View view, int position,
            long id) {
        // 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名
        String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position);
        // 单独解析地址
        String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(":") + 1).trim();

        // 主动连接蓝牙
        try {
            // 推断是否在搜索,假设在搜索，就取消搜索
            if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) {
                mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
            }
            try {
                // 推断能否够获得
                if (device == null) {
                    // 获得远程设备
                    device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
                }
                // 開始连接
                if (clientSocket == null) {
                    clientSocket = device
                            .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);
                    // 连接
                    clientSocket.connect();
                    // 获得输出流
                    os = clientSocket.getOutputStream();

                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
            }
            // 假设成功获得输出流
            if (os != null) {
                os.write("Hello Bluetooth!".getBytes("utf-8"));
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO: handle exception
        }
    }

    // 服务端。须要监听client的线程类
    private Handler handler = new Handler() {
        public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj),
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            super.handleMessage(msg);
        }
    };

    // 线程服务类
    private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
        private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket;
        private BluetoothSocket socket;
        // 输入 输出流
        private OutputStream os;
        private InputStream is;

        public AcceptThread() {
            try {
                serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter
                        .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            // 截获client的蓝牙消息
            try {
                socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 假设堵塞了。就会一直停留在这里
                is = socket.getInputStream();
                os = socket.getOutputStream();
                // 不断接收请求,假设client没有发送的话还是会堵塞
                while (true) {
                    // 每次仅仅发送128个字节
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[128];
                    // 读取
                    int count = is.read();
                    // 假设读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast
                    Message msg = new Message();
                    msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, "utf-8");
                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // TODO: handle exception
            }
        }
    }
}

Google的API上事实上已经说的非常具体了的，这里我再提供一份PDF学习文档，能够更加直观的了解

PDF文档下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416162

Demo下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qq_26787115/9416158