Apcahe Shiro学习笔记(一)：简介及运行官方Demo

一、Apache Shrio：

　　apache shiro 是一个功能强大和易于使用的Java安全框架，为开发人员提供一个直观而全面的的解决方案的认证，授权，加密，会话管理。

　　支持认证跨一个或多个数据源（LDAP，JDBC，kerberos身份等）

　　执行授权，基于角色的细粒度的权限控制。

　　增强的缓存的支持。

　　支持web或者非web环境，可以在任何单点登录(SSO)或集群分布式会话中使用。

　　主要功能是：认证，授权，会话管理和加密。

二、下载Shrio分发源码：

　　运行Demo需要使用Apache Maven，下载链接：http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

　　Shrio 官方10分钟教程链接：http://shiro.apache.org/10-minute-tutorial.html

　　Shrio分发源码下载地址：http://shiro.apache.org/download.html#latestSource

　　点击zip进行下载

　　随意选择一个下载源

　　下载的压缩包的目录

三、运行Shiro Demo：

　　进入解压路径下的~\samples\quickstart，运行 mvn compile exec:java 命令

　　第一次运行将下载很多的依赖jar包，运行结果如下（红色框部分为程序的打印输出）：

四、分析Shiro Demo：

　　首先我们先来查看下shiro的配置文件~\samples\quickstart\src\main\resources\shiro.ini。

#
# ........Apache License 说明
#
# =============================================================================
# Quickstart INI Realm configuration
#
# For those that might not understand the references in this file, the
# definitions are all based on the classic Mel Brooks' film "Spaceballs". ;)
# =============================================================================

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Users and their assigned roles
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[users]
# 创建一个角色'root'，设置密码为'secret'，添加角色'admin'
root = secret, admin
# 创建一个角色'guest'，设置密码为'guest'，添加角色'guest'
guest = guest, guest
# 创建一个角色'presidentskroob '，设置密码为'12345'，添加角色'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# 创建一个角色'darkhelmet '，设置密码为'ludicrousspeed'，添加角色'darklord'和'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# 创建一个角色'lonestarr'，设置密码为'vespa'，添加角色'goodguy'和'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[roles]
# 创建一个角色'admin'，通过通配符'*'表示拥有所有的权限
admin = *
# 创建一个角色'schwartz '，拥有'lightsaber'下的所有的权限
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

　　查看java代码，~\samples\quickstart\src\main\java\Quickstart.java。

/*
 * Apache License 说明
 */

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
public class Quickstart {

    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 通过IniSecurityManagerFactory载入ini文件，创建Factory
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        // 获取SecurityManager类
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

        // SecurityUtils配置SecurityManager
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:

        // 获取当前正在执行的用户
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        // 获取Shrio封装好的Session类（不是web或EJB项目也可以使用）
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 判断当前用户是否已经进行了认证
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            // 创建一个用户密码形式的token
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);
            try {
                // 用户登录
                currentUser.login(token);
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        // 获取认证主体，由于之前使用的是UsernamePasswordToken，所有这里是获取的用户名
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        // 测试角色
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        // 测试权限
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:weild")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        // 测试权限
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        // 登出
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

　　再次对照一下cmd的打印输出。

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