Chrony时间同步

NTP(Network Time Protocol,网络时间协议)是用来使网络中的各个计算机时间同步的一种协议.它的用于是把计算机的时钟同步到世界协调时UTC,其精度在局域网内可达0.1ms,在网络网上绝大多数的地方其精度可以达到1-50ms.

1.chrony服务部署

//查看一下由哪个包提供的

[root@ntp-server ~]# yum provides chronyd

Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

chrony-3.1-2.el7.x86_64 : An NTP client/server

Repo        : dvd

Matched from:

Filename    : /usr/sbin/chronyd

//安装chrony服务

[root@ntp-server ~]# yum install chrony

Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

dvd                                                                | 4.1 kB  00:00:00

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package chrony.x86_64 0:3.1-2.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libseccomp.so.2()(64bit) for package: chrony-3.1-2.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-3.el7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==========================================================================================

 Package                Arch               Version                  Repository       Size

==========================================================================================

Installing:

 chrony                 x86_64             3.1-2.el7                dvd             237 k

Installing for dependencies:

 libseccomp             x86_64             2.3.1-3.el7              dvd              56 k

Transaction Summary

==========================================================================================

Install  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 293 k

Installed size: 761 k

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                     1.6 MB/s | 293 kB  00:00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  Installing : libseccomp-2.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                          1/2

  Installing : chrony-3.1-2.el7.x86_64                                                2/2

  Verifying  : chrony-3.1-2.el7.x86_64                                                1/2

  Verifying  : libseccomp-2.3.1-3.el7.x86_64                                          2/2 

Installed:

  chrony.x86_64 0:3.1-2.el7                                                               

Dependency Installed:

  libseccomp.x86_64 0:2.3.1-3.el7                                                         

Complete!

//启动服务

[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl start chrony

chrony-dnssrv@       chronyd.service      chrony-wait.service

[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl start chronyd

chrony服务相关命令

参数	解释
list-timezones	列出可用时区信息
set-timezone	设置时区
set-ntp	启用NTP
status	查看状态

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl

      Local time: Tue 2018-08-21 14:02:35 CST

  Universal time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:02:35 UTC

        RTC time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:02:33

       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)

     NTP enabled: n/a

NTP synchronized: no

 RTC in local TZ: no

      DST active: n/a

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl

list-timezones  set-ntp         set-timezone

set-local-rtc   set-time        status

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl list-timezones | grep -i shanghai

Asia/Shanghai

//关闭NTP

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl set-ntp false

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl

      Local time: Tue 2018-08-21 14:15:36 CST

  Universal time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:15:36 UTC

        RTC time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:15:36

       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)

     NTP enabled: no

NTP synchronized: yes

 RTC in local TZ: no

      DST active: n/a

//启用NTP

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl set-ntp true

[root@ntp-server ~]# timedatectl

      Local time: Tue 2018-08-21 14:16:02 CST

  Universal time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:16:02 UTC

        RTC time: Tue 2018-08-21 06:16:02

       Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800)

     NTP enabled: yes

NTP synchronized: no

 RTC in local TZ: no

      DST active: n/a

//查看一下ntpdate由哪个包提供的

[root@ntp-server ~]# yum provides ntpdate

Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

ntpdate-4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2.x86_64 : Utility to set the date and time via NTP

Repo        : dvd

//如果没有请安装ntpdate

[root@ntp-server ~]# yum install ntpdate.x86_64

Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager

This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==========================================================================================

 Package            Arch              Version                        Repository      Size

==========================================================================================

Installing:

 ntpdate            x86_64            4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2             dvd             86 k

Transaction Summary

==========================================================================================

Install  1 Package

Total download size: 86 k

Installed size: 121 k

Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

Downloading packages:

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  Installing : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2.x86_64                                      1/1

  Verifying  : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2.x86_64                                      1/1 

Installed:

  ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-25.el7_3.2                                                     

Complete!

2.配置时间同步服务器

[root@ntp-server ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf

server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp2.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp3.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp4.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp5.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp6.aliyun.com iburst

server ntp7.aliyun.com iburst

allow 172.16.10.0/24

//验证服务端是否能同步时间

[root@ntp-server ~]# chronyc sources -v

210 Number of sources = 1

  .-- Source mode  '^' = server, '=' = peer, '#' = local clock.

 / .- Source state '*' = current synced, '+' = combined , '-' = not combined,

| /   '?' = unreachable, 'x' = time may be in error, '~' = time too variable.

||                                                 .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz

||      Reachability register (octal) -.           |  xxxx = adjusted offset,

||      Log2(Polling interval) --.      |          |  yyyy = measured offset,

||                                \     |          |  zzzz = estimated error.

||                                 |    |           \

MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample

===============================================================================

^* 120.25.115.20                 2   6    17    22   -117us[ -948us] +/-   24ms

//看一下服务器时间

[root@ntp-server ~]# date

Tue Aug 21 15:31:29 CST 2018

//看一下客户端时间 时间不对需要同步

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Fri Aug 20 14:10:28 CST 2010

//ntp服务器地址

ens35: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500

        inet 172.16.10.20  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.16.10.255

        inet6 fe80::da6c:394e:1ef7:c236  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>

        ether 00:0c:29:6e:66:65  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 6  bytes 480 (480.0 B)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 21  bytes 1614 (1.5 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

//客户端同步,时间已经同步正确

[root@ntp-client ~]# ntpdate 172.16.10.20

21 Aug 15:35:10 ntpdate[2421]: step time server 172.16.10.20 offset 252552056.617240 sec

You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Tue Aug 21 15:35:15 CST 2018

//第一种方式设置定时任务

[root@ntp-client ~]# which ntpdate

/usr/sbin/ntpdate

[root@ntp-client ~]# crontab -e

*/2 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 172.16.10.20 &>/dev/null

//第二种方式客户端编辑配置文件服务器指向172.168.10.20

[root@ntp-client ~]# vim /etc/chrony.conf

server 172.16.10.20 iburst

//启动服务查看服务运行状态

[root@ntp-client ~]# systemctl restart chronyd

[root@ntp-client ~]# systemctl status chronyd

● chronyd.service - NTP client/server

   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/chronyd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-08-21 15:52:11 CST; 6s ago

     Docs: man:chronyd(8)

           man:chrony.conf(5)

  Process: 3012 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/chrony-helper update-daemon (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

  Process: 3009 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/chronyd $OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

 Main PID: 3011 (chronyd)

    Tasks: 1

   CGroup: /system.slice/chronyd.service

           └─3011 /usr/sbin/chronyd

Aug 21 15:52:10 ntp-client systemd[1]: Starting NTP client/server...

Aug 21 15:52:11 ntp-client chronyd[3011]: chronyd version 3.2 starting (+CMDMON +NTP ...G)

Aug 21 15:52:11 ntp-client chronyd[3011]: Frequency -37.840 +/- 1000000.000 ppm read ...ft

Aug 21 15:52:11 ntp-client systemd[1]: Started NTP client/server.

Aug 21 15:52:15 ntp-client chronyd[3011]: Selected source 172.16.10.20

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

//差不多一分钟同步了

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Tue Aug 10 08:32:32 CST 2010

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Tue Aug 10 08:32:33 CST 2010

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Tue Aug 21 16:04:24 CST 2018

[root@ntp-client ~]# date

Tue Aug 21 16:04:25 CST 2018

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Linux基础学习-chrony时间同步服务

Chrony时间同步

1.chrony服务部署

chrony服务相关命令

2.配置时间同步服务器

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