Alpine Linux：如何配置GUI的图形桌面环境：x Desktop Environment
alpine linux 真是不错。小巧、迅捷！
官方的各个版本的alpine镜像内没有带图形环境的。那我们如何构建自己的桌面图形环境呢？
其实：这个问题，在起官网的wiki内有指南，我们根据那些相关文档就可以自己搭建！
--------------------------------------------------------------------
step 1：
localhost:~# setup-xorg-base
fetch http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/alpine/v3.11/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/alpine/v3.11/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
Executing eudev-3.2.9-r1.trigger1025-r0)
OK: 101 MiB in 60 packageslibs (3.6.2-r1)
(1/63) Installing libevdev (1.8.0-r0)
(2/63) Installing mtdev (1.1.5-r2)
(3/63) Installing libinput-libs (1.14.3-r0)
(4/63) Installing xf86-input-libinput (0.29.0-r0)
(5/63) Installing encodings (1.0.5-r0)
(6/63) Installing font-alias (1.0.3-r1)
(7/63) Installing libfontenc (1.1.4-r0)
(8/63) Installing libbz2 (1.0.8-r1)
(9/63) Installing libpng (1.6.37-r1)
(10/63) Installing freetype (2.10.1-r0)
(11/63) Installing mkfontscale (1.2.1-r1)
(12/63) Installing expat (2.2.9-r1)
(13/63) Installing fontconfig (2.13.1-r2)
(14/63) Installing pkgconf (1.6.3-r0)
(15/63) Installing util-macros (1.19.2-r1)
(16/63) Installing font-misc-misc (1.1.2-r1)
(17/63) Installing font-cursor-misc (1.0.3-r1)
(18/63) Installing xkeyboard-config (2.28-r0)
(19/63) Installing libxau (1.0.9-r0)
(20/63) Installing libbsd (0.10.0-r0)
(21/63) Installing libxdmcp (1.1.3-r0)
(22/63) Installing libxcb (1.13.1-r0)
(23/63) Installing libx11 (1.6.9-r0)
(24/63) Installing libxkbfile (1.1.0-r0)
(25/63) Installing xkbcomp (1.4.2-r0)
(26/63) Installing libxext (1.3.4-r0)
(27/63) Installing libice (1.0.10-r0)
(28/63) Installing libsm (1.2.3-r0)
(29/63) Installing libxt (1.2.0-r0)
(30/63) Installing libxmu (1.1.3-r0)
(31/63) Installing xauth (1.1-r0)
(32/63) Installing libmount (2.34-r1)
(33/63) Installing libsmartcols (2.34-r1)
(34/63) Installing findmnt (2.34-r1)
(35/63) Installing mcookie (2.34-r1)
(36/63) Installing xmodmap (1.0.10-r0)
(37/63) Installing mcpp-libs (2.7.2-r1)
(38/63) Installing mcpp (2.7.2-r1)
(39/63) Installing xrdb (1.2.0-r0)
(40/63) Installing xinit (1.4.1-r0)
(41/63) Installing mesa (19.2.7-r0)
(42/63) Installing libxdamage (1.1.5-r0)
(43/63) Installing libxfixes (5.0.3-r2)
(44/63) Installing libxxf86vm (1.1.4-r2)
(45/63) Installing libpciaccess (0.16-r0)
(46/63) Installing libdrm (2.4.100-r0)
(47/63) Installing mesa-glapi (19.2.7-r0)
(48/63) Installing libxshmfence (1.3-r0)
(49/63) Installing mesa-gl (19.2.7-r0)
(50/63) Installing libxfont2 (2.0.4-r0)
(51/63) Installing libepoxy (1.5.4-r0)
(52/63) Installing libffi (3.2.1-r6)
(53/63) Installing wayland-libs-server (1.17.0-r0)
(54/63) Installing mesa-gbm (19.2.7-r0)
(55/63) Installing pixman (0.38.4-r0)
(56/63) Installing xorg-server (1.20.6-r0)
(57/63) Installing xf86-video-modesetting (0.9.0-r6)
(58/63) Installing libgcc (9.2.0-r3)
(59/63) Installing libstdc++ (9.2.0-r3)
(60/63) Installing libxml2 (2.9.10-r1)
(61/63) Installing llvm9-libs (9.0.0-r1)
(62/63) Installing mesa-xatracker (19.2.7-r0)
(63/63) Installing xf86-video-vmware (13.3.0-r0)
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
Executing mkfontscale-1.2.1-r1.trigger
Executing fontconfig-2.13.1-r2.trigger
OK: 190 MiB in 123 packages
* Caching service dependencies ... [ ok ]
* Starting udev ... [ ok ]
* Generating a rule to create a /dev/root symlink ... [ ok ]
* Populating /dev with existing devices through uevents ... [ ok ]
* Waiting for uevents to be processed ... [ ok ]
localhost:~#
step 2：
localhost:~# apk add xf86-input-keyboard xf86-input-mouse xf86-video-vmware xf86-input-vmmouse
(1/3) Installing xf86-input-keyboard (1.9.0-r1)
(2/3) Installing xf86-input-mouse (1.9.3-r1)
(3/3) Installing xf86-input-vmmouse (13.1.0-r4)
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
Executing eudev-3.2.9-r1.trigger
OK: 191 MiB in 128 packages
localhost:~#
step 3：
localhost:~# apk add dbus
(1/3) Installing dbus-libs (1.12.16-r2)
(2/3) Installing dbus (1.12.16-r2)
Executing dbus-1.12.16-r2.pre-install
(3/3) Installing dbus-openrc (1.12.16-r2)
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
OK: 192 MiB in 131 packages
localhost:~# rc-service dbus start
* Caching service dependencies ... [ ok ]
* Starting System Message Bus ...
localhost:~# rc-update add dbus
* service dbus added to runlevel default
step 4：
localhost:~# apk add lightdm
(1/49) Installing libintl (0.20.1-r2)
(2/49) Installing pcre (8.43-r0)
(3/49) Installing glib (2.62.4-r0)
(4/49) Installing icu-libs (64.2-r0)
(5/49) Installing nspr (4.24-r0)
(6/49) Installing readline (8.0.1-r0)
(7/49) Installing mozjs60 (60.9.0-r0)
(8/49) Installing linux-pam (1.3.1-r1)
(9/49) Installing polkit (0.116-r0)
Executing polkit-0.116-r0.pre-install
(10/49) Installing accountsservice (0.6.55-r0)
(11/49) Installing ttf-cantarell (0.111-r0)
(12/49) Installing libxrender (0.9.10-r3)
(13/49) Installing cairo (1.16.0-r2)
(14/49) Installing libcroco (0.6.13-r1)
(15/49) Installing shared-mime-info (1.15-r0)
(16/49) Installing libjpeg-turbo (2.0.4-r0)
(17/49) Installing tiff (4.1.0-r0)
(18/49) Installing gdk-pixbuf (2.40.0-r0)
(19/49) Installing libxft (2.3.3-r0)
(20/49) Installing fribidi (1.0.8-r0)
(21/49) Installing graphite2 (1.3.13-r1)
(22/49) Installing harfbuzz (2.6.4-r0)
(23/49) Installing pango (1.44.7-r0)
(24/49) Installing librsvg (2.46.4-r0)
(25/49) Installing hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-r1)
(26/49) Installing gtk-update-icon-cache (2.24.32-r1)
(27/49) Installing libxcomposite (0.4.5-r0)
(28/49) Installing libxcursor (1.2.0-r0)
(29/49) Installing libxi (1.7.10-r0)
(30/49) Installing libxrandr (1.5.2-r0)
(31/49) Installing atk (2.34.1-r0)
(32/49) Installing avahi-libs (0.7-r4)
(33/49) Installing gmp (6.1.2-r1)
(34/49) Installing nettle (3.5.1-r0)
(35/49) Installing p11-kit (0.23.18.1-r0)
(36/49) Installing libtasn1 (4.15.0-r0)
(37/49) Installing libunistring (0.9.10-r0)
(38/49) Installing gnutls (3.6.10-r0)
(39/49) Installing cups-libs (2.2.12-r1)
(40/49) Installing gtk+2.0 (2.24.32-r1)
Executing gtk+2.0-2.24.32-r1.post-install
(41/49) Installing adwaita-gtk2-theme (3.28-r1)
(42/49) Installing gnome-themes-extra (3.28-r1)
(43/49) Installing adwaita-icon-theme (3.34.3-r0)
(44/49) Installing libgpg-error (1.36-r2)
(45/49) Installing libgcrypt (1.8.5-r0)
(46/49) Installing iso-codes (4.4-r0)
(47/49) Installing libxklavier (5.4-r5)
(48/49) Installing lightdm (1.30.0-r0)
Executing lightdm-1.30.0-r0.pre-install
(49/49) Installing lightdm-openrc (1.30.0-r0)
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
Executing dbus-1.12.16-r2.trigger
Executing fontconfig-2.13.1-r2.trigger
Executing shared-mime-info-1.15-r0.trigger
Executing gdk-pixbuf-2.40.0-r0.trigger
Executing gtk-update-icon-cache-2.24.32-r1.trigger
Executing mkfontscale-1.2.1-r1.trigger
OK: 332 MiB in 180 packages
localhost:~#
localhost:~# rc-service lightdm start
* Caching service dependencies ... [ ok ]
* /run/lightdm: creating directory
* /run/lightdm: correcting owner
* Starting Display Manager ... [ ok ]
localhost:~# rc-update add lightdm
* service lightdm added to runlevel default
localhost:~#
localhost:/var/log/lightdm# apk add lightdm-gtk-greeter
(1/1) Installing lightdm-gtk-greeter (2.0.7-r0)
Executing busybox-1.31.1-r9.trigger
Executing gtk-update-icon-cache-2.24.32-r1.trigger
OK: 389 MiB in 235 packages
localhost:/var/log/lightdm#
step 5：
localhost:/etc/apk# apk add xfce4
(/) Installing libxfce4util (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing exo-libs (0.12.-r0)
(/) Installing xcb-util (0.4.-r1)
(/) Installing startup-notification (0.12-r3)
(/) Installing xfconf (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing libxfce4ui-gtk3 (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing exo (0.12.-r0)
(/) Installing libxfce4ui (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing garcon (0.6.-r0)
(/) Installing desktop-file-utils (0.24-r0)
(/) Installing libexif (0.6.-r3)
(/) Installing libgudev (-r0)
(/) Installing libnotify (0.7.-r0)
(/) Installing libxres (1.2.-r1)
(/) Installing libwnck3 (3.32.-r1)
(/) Installing xfce4-panel (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing thunar (1.8.-r0)
Executing thunar-1.8.-r0.post-install
(/) Installing ca-certificates (-r0)
(/) Installing nghttp2-libs (1.40.-r0)
(/) Installing libcurl (7.67.-r0)
(/) Installing lcms2 (2.9-r1)
(/) Installing openjpeg (2.3.-r2)
(/) Installing poppler (0.82.-r1)
(/) Installing poppler-glib (0.82.-r1)
(/) Installing tumbler (0.2.-r1)
(/) Installing ttf-dejavu (2.37-r1)
(/) Installing xfce4-appfinder (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing libusb (1.0.-r0)
(/) Installing upower (0.99.-r0)
(/) Installing xfce4-power-manager (1.6.-r0)
(/) Installing iceauth (1.0.-r0)
(/) Installing dbus-x11 (1.12.-r2)
(/) Installing xfce4-session (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing xfce4-settings (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing xfdesktop (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing libxpresent (1.0.-r0)
(/) Installing xfwm4 (4.14.-r0)
(/) Installing xfce4 (.14_pre1-r0)
Executing busybox-1.31.-r9.trigger
Executing eudev-3.2.-r1.trigger
Executing fontconfig-2.13.-r2.trigger
Executing gtk-update-icon-cache-2.24.-r1.trigger
Executing mkfontscale-1.2.-r1.trigger
Executing desktop-file-utils-0.24-r0.trigger
Executing ca-certificates--r0.trigger
OK: MiB in packages
localhost:/etc/apk#
step 6：重启
step 7：在控制台中执行：startx 或 startxfce4
--------------------------------------------------------------------
http://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Tutorials_and_Howtos 之第5章 ： 5 Desktop Environment
里面详细描述了以下桌面环境的安装配置，我们参照执行即可：
Desktop Environment
- Awesome(wm) Setup
- EyeOS (Cloud Computing Desktop)
- Gnome Setup
- MATE Setup
- Oneye (Cloud Computing Desktop - Dropbox Alternative)
- Owncloud (Cloud Computing Desktop - Dropbox Alternative)
- (to be merged with OwnCloud (Your personal Cloud for storing and sharing your data on-line))
- Remote Desktop Server
- Suspend on LID close
- XFCE Setup and Desktop Ideas
- Installing Adobe flash player for Firefox
- Sound Setup
- Printer Setup
- Default applications
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
我成功搭建了 mate、xfce4、remote desktop server （隐含 vino VNC 环境）环境。
提示：
1： 安装xfce4桌面环境，特别要注意需要安装 xfce4-notifyd 组件，否则应用的弹出信息看不到！ 比如后续安装xrdp就一致无法成功，原因在此。
2：必须安装一个linux的x登录shell环境：如 lxdm，否则只能手工startx。todo：alpine内容如何直接执行startx代替默认的openrc 文本登录界面，待解决。
3：lxdm安装后，需要通过rc-update add lxdm服务，否则如同2，不能自动打开lxdm的登录界面
4：lxdm 如何让root或其他用户登录，并自动运行某些服务或程序？
修改：/etc/lxdm/lxdm.conf 文件实现自动用户登录
[base]
## uncomment and set autologin username to enable autologin
autologin=root ## uncomment and set timeout to enable timeout autologin,
## the value should >=5
# timeout=10 ## default session or desktop used when no systemwide config
# session=/usr/bin/startlxde
## uncomment and set to set numlock on your keyboard
# numlock=0 ## set this if you don't want to put xauth file at ~/.Xauthority
# xauth_path=/tmp # not ask password for users who have empty password
# skip_password=1
修改：/etc/lxdm/PostLogin 文件实现登录用户后，自动运行服务或程序。我自动开启xrdp服务的配置如下
#!/bin/sh
#
# Note: this is a sample and will not be run as is. rc-service xrdp restart
rc-service xrdp-sesman restart
rc-service vino restart
ok。到此结束！
Alpine Linux：如何配置GUI的图形桌面环境：x Desktop Environment的更多相关文章
- 为Ubuntu Server安装gnome图形桌面环境
Ubuntu Server版默认都没有图形桌面(GUI),但是可以安装,以下共有两种安装方法. 一.安装全部Gnome桌面环境 Ubuntu系列桌面实际上有几种桌面应用程序,包括Ubuntu-desk ...
- Linux下sh文件运行及桌面环境双击运行sh文件
sh文件运行: 1.修改为可执行权限: chmod u+x hello.sh 2.运行 ./hello.sh 3.不使用可执行权限修改,用sh直接运行 sh ./hello.sh 桌面环境双击运行sh ...
- 在linux下配置Nginx+Java+PHP的环境
Apache对Java的支持很灵活,它们的结合度也很高,例如Apache+Tomcat和Apache+resin等都可以实现对Java应用 的支持.Apache一般采用一个内置模块来和Java应用服务 ...
- Linux用来抗衡Win的那些桌面环境
作为一个 Linux 的爱好者,参加了 9 月 22 日 Linux Deepin 在北京举行的用户与开发者大会(给大家一个链接).名为参加会议,实为打酱油.但 Linux Deepin 团队的一些理 ...
- Linux系统之-文件系统，桌面环境
文件系统 文件类型普通文件,目录文件,连接文件,设备与设备文件,套接字,管道 普通文件(regular file):就是一般存取的文件,由ls -al显示出来的属性中,第一个属性为 [-],例如 [- ...
- 抗衡Win Linux全凭这些桌面环境
2012年01月25日 元老级桌面环境KDE Linux操作系统最早使用在服务器上,而桌面操作系统并不是Linux的重点突围.但是,近几年Linux桌面操作系统有崛起的趋势,抢夺了部分桌面操作 ...
- Linux桌面“彩”起来:桌面环境及窗口管理器大盘点
2011-02-22 11:49:50 看到这个标题,很多人一定认为桌面环境和窗口管理器是一回事,但严格来说窗口管理器和桌面环境是有区别的.桌面环境(Desktop Environments)是最 ...
- 桌面环境与桌面搜索Desktop Search tools
最近一段时间工作重心都将放在Linux下Desktop search(桌面搜索)框架的研发上.因此对desktop search进行了初步的调研.本文将从下面三个方面展开: Linux桌面环境(Des ...
- 管理员技术(一)：装机预备技能、安装一台RHEL7虚拟机、使用RHEL7图形桌面、Linux命令行基本操作
一.装机预备技能 问题: 本例要求安装一台可用的KVM服务器: 1> RHEL与CentOS系统有什么关联? 2> 第2块SCSI硬盘的第3个逻辑分区,Linux如何表 ...
随机推荐
- 【转】Java计算文件的hash值
原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/qq_25646191/article/details/78863110 如何知道一个文件是否改变了呢?当然是用比较文件hash值的方法,文件has ...
- 【Unity】（转）游戏辅（外）助（挂）开发
转载自:https://myhloli.com/u3dgames-hook-superdsm.html 另外,在博客园搜外挂关键字,能找到不少干货: http://www.cnblogs.com/Ga ...
- linux使用指导-debian/archlinux/LFS
debian系统参考配置手册:https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/index.en.html ArchLinux系统参考配置手册:s ...
- Java编程的逻辑 (54) - 剖析Collections - 设计模式
本系列文章经补充和完善,已修订整理成书<Java编程的逻辑>,由机械工业出版社华章分社出版,于2018年1月上市热销,读者好评如潮!各大网店和书店有售,欢迎购买,京东自营链接:http:/ ...
- 【嵌入式】——ads1.2的安装注意事项
安装完ads的时候会出现错误,因为还要安装License Installation Wizard. 下一步会出现这个 然后点击Browse... 找到ads1.2下的CRACK(crack)文件夹的L ...
- sparkR的一个运行的例子
在sparkR在配置完成的基础上,本例采用Spark on yarn模式,介绍sparkR运行的一个例子. 在spark的安装目录下,/examples/src/main/r,有一个dataframe ...
- Python __str__函数
class Cat: def __init__(self,_name): self.name = _name def __str__(self): return "i am %s" ...
- Android学习之SharedPreferences
SharedPreferences使用键值对的方式来存储数据,并支持多种不同类型的数据存储. 1.界面布局 <TableLayout xmlns:android="http://sch ...
- SQLite 日期 & 时间
具体看http://www.runoob.com/sqlite/sqlite-date-time.html 不过实例介绍的不够详细,以下详细举例: SQLite包含了如下时间/日期函数:datetim ...
- 远程操作与端口转发 SSH原理与运用
SSH不仅可以用于远程主机登录,还可以直接在远程主机上执行操作. 上一节的操作,就是一个例子: $ ssh user@host 'mkdir -p .ssh && cat >&g ...