MySQL--mysqldump的权限说明

mysqldump 所需要的权限说明：
　　1、对于table 来说mysqldump 最少要有select 权限。
　　2、对于view 来说mysqldump 要有show view 权限。
　　3、对于trrigger 来说mysqldump 要有trriger 权限。
　　4、如果要产生一份一致的备份 mysqldump 要有lock tables 权限。

相关用户创建与授权语句：

create user dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant select on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant show view on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant lock tables on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant trigger on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';

例子：

1、创建一个用于备份的用户dumper@'127.0.0.1'

create user dumper@'127.0.0.1' identified by '';

2、用dumper@’127.0.0.1'去备份tempdb这个数据库、可以发生这个时候报没有select权限

mysqldump -h127.0.0. -udumper -p123456 --databases tempdb
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.6., for linux-glibc2. (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 127.0.0.1    Database: tempdb
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.6.

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
mysqldump: Got error: : Access denied for user 'dumper'@'127.0.0.1' to database 'tempdb' when selecting the database

3、为dumper 增加tempdb库上的select 权限

grant select on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';

4、用dumper@‘127.0.0.1’备份tempdb库

[root@workstudio ~]# mysqldump -h127.0.0.1 -udumper -p123456 --databases tempdb
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.6.31, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 127.0.0.1    Database: tempdb
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.6.31

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `tempdb`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `tempdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `tempdb`;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

5、为tempdb 创建一个view 用来测试mysqldump备份view时要用到的权限

create view view_a as select 1 as number;

6、再次试着用dumper@‘127.0.0.1’去备份tempdb、日了狗了可以看到这个报错说是和lock tables 相关。

[root@workstudio ~]# mysqldump -h127.0.0. -udumper -p123456 --databases tempdb
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.6., for linux-glibc2. (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 127.0.0.1    Database: tempdb
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.6.

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `tempdb`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `tempdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `tempdb`;
mysqldump: Got error: : Access denied for user 'dumper'@'127.0.0.1' to database 'tempdb' when using LOCK TABLES

7、给dumper@'127.0.0.1'这个用户一个lock tables 权限

grant lock tables on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';

8、再次试着用dumper@‘127.0.0.1’去备份tempdb、这下可以看到了它报没有show view 权限了。

[root@workstudio ~]# mysqldump -h127.0.0. -udumper -p123456 --databases tempdb
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.6., for linux-glibc2. (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 127.0.0.1    Database: tempdb
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.6.

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `tempdb`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `tempdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `tempdb`;
mysqldump: Couldn't execute 'show create table `view_a`': SHOW VIEW command denied to user 'dumper'@'localhost' for table 'view_a' (1142)

9、为dumper@'127.0.0.1'这个用户加上show view 权限

grant show view on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';

10、再用dumper@’127.0.0.1‘用户备份tempdb库

[root@workstudio ~]# mysqldump -h127.0.0.1 -udumper -p123456 --databases tempdb
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.6.31, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64)
--
-- Host: 127.0.0.1    Database: tempdb
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version    5.6.31

/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--
-- Current Database: `tempdb`
--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `tempdb` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */;

USE `tempdb`;

--
-- Temporary view structure for view `view_a`
--

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `view_a`;
/*!50001 DROP VIEW IF EXISTS `view_a`*/;
SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client;
SET character_set_client = utf8;
/*!50001 CREATE VIEW `view_a` AS SELECT
 1 AS `number`*/;
SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client;

--
-- Current Database: `tempdb`
--

USE `tempdb`;

--
-- Final view structure for view `view_a`
--

/*!50001 DROP VIEW IF EXISTS `view_a`*/;
/*!50001 SET @saved_cs_client          = @@character_set_client */;
/*!50001 SET @saved_cs_results         = @@character_set_results */;
/*!50001 SET @saved_col_connection     = @@collation_connection */;
/*!50001 SET character_set_client      = utf8 */;
/*!50001 SET character_set_results     = utf8 */;
/*!50001 SET collation_connection      = utf8_general_ci */;
/*!50001 CREATE ALGORITHM=UNDEFINED */
/*!50013 DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` SQL SECURITY DEFINER */
/*!50001 VIEW `view_a` AS select 1 AS `number` */;
/*!50001 SET character_set_client      = @saved_cs_client */;
/*!50001 SET character_set_results     = @saved_cs_results */;
/*!50001 SET collation_connection      = @saved_col_connection */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2016-07-19  5:56:17

11、如果是用mysqldump 来做备份、那么备份用户的相关权限如下：

create user dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant select on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant show view on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant lock tables on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';
grant trigger on tempdb.* to dumper@'127.0.0.1';