ZooKeeper的ACL权限

ACL控制权限

• 什么是ACL(Access Control List访问控制列表)

  • 针对节点可以设置相关读写等权限, 目的为了保障数据安全性
  • 权限permission可以指定不同的权限范围以及角色

• ACL命令行

  • getAcl: 获取某个节点的acl权限信息

    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] getAcl /czk
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    

  • setAcl: 设置某个节点的acl权限信息

  • addauth: 输入认证授权信息, 注册时输入明文密码(登录)但是在zk的系统里, 密码是以加密的形式存在的

• ACL的构成

  • zk的acl通过[scheme​ : id :permissions] 来构成权限列表

    • scheme: 代表采用的某种权限机制
    • id: 代表允许访问的用户
    • permissions: 权限组合字符串

  • scheme:

    • world: world下只能有一个id, 即只有一个用户就是anyone 组合的写法就是

      world:anyone:[permissions]

    • auth: 代表认证登录, 需要注册用户有权限就可以, 形式为 auth: user:password:[permissions]

    • digest: 需要对密码加密才能访问, 组合形式为digest: username:BASE64(SHA1(password)):[permissions]

    • auth与digest的区别: 前者明文,后者密文

      • setAcl /path auth:tom:tom:cdrwa
      • setAcl /path digest:tom:BASE64(SHA1(password))cdrwa是等价的
      • 在通过addauth digest tom:tom后都能操作指定节点的权限

    • ip:当设置为ip指定的IP地址, 此时限制ip进行访问,比如ip:192.168.1.1:[permissions]

    • super: 代表超级管理员, 拥有所有的权限

  • permissions说明

    • crdwa
    • Create 创建
    • Read 获取节点/子节点
    • Write: 设置节点数据
    • Delete: 删除子节点
    • Admin 设置权限

  • world:anyone:cdrwa

    #创建子节点 /czk/abc
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] create /czk/abc 123
    Created /czk/abc
    #查看节点权限  新建节点默认权限都是 world:anyone:cdrwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] getAcl /czk/abc
    'world,'anyone
    : cdrwa
    

    • 通过setAcl修改节点权限 setAcl 路径 world:anyone:crwa

    #设置权限为crwa 去掉了d 删除子节点权限
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] setAcl /czk/abc world:anyone:crwa
    cZxid = 0xb3
    ctime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    mZxid = 0xb3
    mtime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    pZxid = 0xb3
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 3
    numChildren = 0
    #查看权限
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] getAcl /czk/abc
    'world,'anyone
    : crwa
    #创建新的子节点
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] create /czk/abc/czk1 123
    Created /czk/abc/czk1
    #测试能否删除子节点
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] delete /czk/abc/czk1
    Authentication is not valid : /czk/abc/czk1
    #子节点依然存在
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] ls /czk/abc
    [czk1]
    

  • auth:user:pwd:cdrwa 用auth的方式(密码为明文)处理ACL

    addauth digest user:pwd 用户注册 登陆

    [zk: lh:2181(CONNECTED) 13] setAcl /czk/abc auth:czk:czk:cdrwa
    Acl is not valid : /czk/abc # 没有注册用户
    [zk: lh:2181(CONNECTED) 14] addauth digest czk:czk  #注册用户
    [zk: lh:2181(CONNECTED) 15] setAcl /czk/abc auth:czk:czk:cdrwa
    cZxid = 0xb3
    ctime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    mZxid = 0xb3
    mtime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    pZxid = 0xb5
    cversion = 1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 2
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 3
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: lh:2181(CONNECTED) 16] getAcl /czk/abc
    'digest,'czk:8vob7o7uTPp2jDaiVV3mUesBi7A=
    : cdrwa
    #退出终端后重新操作
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /czk
    [sec0000000003, dir1, abc, sec0000000002]
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /czk/abc
    Authentication is not valid : /czk/abc  #没有查看权限
    #登陆后再次查看
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] addauth digest czk:czk
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] ls /czk/abc
    [xyz]
    #修改授权内容 一旦指定了用户名 再次设置 不需要传入用户名密码
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] setAcl /czk/abc auth::crwa
    cZxid = 0xb3
    ctime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    mZxid = 0xb3
    mtime = Sun Jan 06 17:46:55 CST 2019
    pZxid = 0xb5
    cversion = 1
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 3
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 3
    numChildren = 1
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] getAcl /czk/abc
    'digest,'czk:8vob7o7uTPp2jDaiVV3mUesBi7A=
    : crwa
    
    

  • digest:user:BASE64(SHA1(pwd)):cdrwa 用digest(密码为密文)的方式处理ACL

    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] setAcl /czk/test digest:czk:8vob7o7uTPp2jDaiVV3mUesBi7A=:rwa
    cZxid = 0xbc
    ctime = Sun Jan 06 18:20:23 CST 2019
    mZxid = 0xbc
    mtime = Sun Jan 06 18:20:23 CST 2019
    pZxid = 0xbc
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 3
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 14] ls /czk/test
    []
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 15] getAcl /czk/test
    'digest,'czk:8vob7o7uTPp2jDaiVV3mUesBi7A=
    : rwa
    

  • ip:192.168.1.1:cdrwa 通过ip 控制某些客户端是否有访问的权限

    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 17] create /czk/test2 123
    Created /czk/test2
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] setAcl /czk/test2 ip:192.168.199.3:crwa
    cZxid = 0xbf
    ctime = Sun Jan 06 18:24:28 CST 2019
    mZxid = 0xbf
    mtime = Sun Jan 06 18:24:28 CST 2019
    pZxid = 0xbf
    cversion = 0
    dataVersion = 0
    aclVersion = 1
    ephemeralOwner = 0x0
    dataLength = 3
    numChildren = 0
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] getAcl /czk/test2
    'ip,'192.168.199.3
    : crwa
    [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] get /czk/test2
    Authentication is not valid : /czk/test2
    

  • super管理员

    修改 zkServer.sh

     nohup $JAVA $ZOO_DATADIR_AUTOCREATE "-Dzookeeper.log.dir=${ZOO_LOG_DIR}" \
        "-Dzookeeper.root.logger=${ZOO_LOG4J_PROP}" \
        "-Dzookeeper.DigestAuthenticationProvider.superDigest=czk:8vob7o7uTPp2jDaiVV3mUesBi7A=" \
        -cp "$CLASSPATH" $JVMFLAGS $ZOOMAIN "$ZOOCFG" > "$_ZOO_DAEMON_OUT" 2>&1 < /dev/null &
    
    

    重启客户端 登陆

  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] addauth digest czk:czk
  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] ls /czk/test2
  []
  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] getAcl /czk/test2
  'ip,'192.168.199.3
  : crwa
  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] ls /czk/test2
  []
  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] delete /czk/test2
  [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] ls /czk
  [sec0000000003, dir1, abc, test, sec0000000002]