10.27 rest_framework(1)

2018-10-27 16:48:04

前几天在整理django博客!

新学的rest_framework框架是源于Django的

使用的时候得

pip install djangorestframework

用于前后端分离!

主要看笔记部分!!类似于From组件

越努力越幸运!

永远不要高估自己!

贴上源码,源码都是老师的过程演示,故有些代码冗余!!!所以可以把冗余的代码封装成一个类中

目前还是没有真正用的高restframework !! 最终版本还是restframework, 这是让你明白一下过程!!!!

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin

from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^publishes/$', views.PublishView.as_view(),name="publish"), #  View:view(request)=====APIView:dispatch()
    url(r'^publishes/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.PublishDetailView.as_view(),name="detailpublish"), #  View:view(request)=====APIView:dispatch()

    url(r'^books/$', views.BookView.as_view(),name="books"),
    url(r'^books/(\d+)/$', views.BookDetailView.as_view(),name="detailbook"),

]

app01/view.py

from rest_framework.response import Response
from app01.serilizer import *
from rest_framework.views import APIView

class PublishView(APIView):
    def get(self,request):

        # restframework
        # 取数据
        # print("request.data", request.data)
        # print("request.data type", type(request.data))
        # print(request._request.GET)
        # print(request.GET)
        # 序列化
        # 方式1：
        # publish_list=list(Publish.objects.all().values("name","email"))

        # 方式2：
        # from django.forms.models import model_to_dict
        # publish_list=Publish.objects.all()
        # temp=[]
        # for obj in publish_list:
        #     temp.append(model_to_dict(obj))

        # 方式3：
        # django内置的序例化方法
        # from django.core import serializers
        # ret=serializers.serialize("json",publish_list)

        # 序列组件
        publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
        ps = PublishModelSerializers(publish_list, many=True)
        return Response(ps.data)

    def post(self,request):
        # 取数据
        # 原生request支持的操作
        # print("POST",request.POST)
        # print("body",request.body)
        # # print(request)
        # print(type(request))
        # from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
        #  新的request支持的操作
        # print("request.data",request.data)
        # print("request.data type",type(request.data))

        #
        # post请求的数据
        ps = PublishModelSerializers(data=request.data)
        if ps.is_valid():
            print(ps.validated_data)
            ps.save()  # create方法
            return Response(ps.data)
        else:
            return Response(ps.errors)

class PublishDetailView(APIView):
    def get(self, request, pk):

        publish = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ps = PublishModelSerializers(publish)
        return Response(ps.data)

    def put(self, request, pk):
        publish = Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
        ps = PublishModelSerializers(publish, data=request.data)
        if ps.is_valid():
            ps.save()
            return Response(ps.data)
        else:
            return Response(ps.errors)

    def delete(self, request, pk):
        Publish.objects.filter(pk=pk).delete()

        return Response()

class BookView(APIView):
    def get(self,request):
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
        bs=BookModelSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)
    def post(self,request):
        # post请求的数据
        bs=BookModelSerializers(data=request.data)
        if bs.is_valid():
            print(bs.validated_data)
            bs.save()# create方法
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return Response(bs.errors)

class BookDetailView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,id):

        book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
        bs=BookModelSerializers(book,context={'request': request})
        return Response(bs.data)

    def put(self,request,id):
        book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
        bs=BookModelSerializers(book,data=request.data)
        if bs.is_valid():
            bs.save()
            return Response(bs.data)
        else:
            return Response(bs.errors)

    def delete(self,request,id):
        Book.objects.filter(pk=id).delete()

        return Response()

app01/serilizer.py

# by luffycity.com

from rest_framework import serializers

from app01.models import *
# 为queryset,model对象做序列化
class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
    name = serializers.CharField()
    email = serializers.CharField()

# 类似于ModelForm
# 这个也是做转换的
class PublishModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model=Publish
        fields="__all__"

# class BookSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
#     title = serializers.CharField(max_length=32)
#     price = serializers.IntegerField()
#     pub_date = serializers.DateField()
#     一对多
#     publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.name")
#        多对多
#     #authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
#     authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
#       类似于钩子
#     def get_authors(self,obj):
#         temp=[]
#         for obj in obj.authors.all():
#             temp.append(obj.name)
#         return temp

'''
序列化BookSerializers(book_list,many=True)过程：
     temp=[]
     for obj in book_list:
         temp.append({
            "title":obj.title,
            "price":obj.price,
            "pub_date":obj.pub_date,
            "publish":str(obj.publish), # obj.publish.name
            #"authors":obj.authors.all,
            "authors": get_authors(obj)
         })

'''

class BookModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = "__all__"

    #publish=serializers.CharField(source="publish.pk")
    publish=serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(
            view_name="detailpublish",
            lookup_field="publish_id",
            lookup_url_kwarg="pk"
    )

    # authors=serializers.CharField(source="authors.all")
    # authors = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    # def get_authors(self,obj):
    #     temp=[]
    #     for obj in obj.authors.all():
    #         temp.append(obj.name)
    #     return temp

    # def create(self, validated_data):
    #     print("validated_data",validated_data)
    #     book=Book.objects.create(title=validated_data["title"],price=validated_data["price"],pub_date=validated_data["pub_date"],publish_id=validated_data["publish"]["pk"])
    #     book.authors.add(*validated_data["authors"])
    #
    #     return book

models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Book(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price=models.IntegerField()
    pub_date=models.DateField()
    publish=models.ForeignKey("Publish")
    authors=models.ManyToManyField("Author")
    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

class Publish(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class Author(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.IntegerField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

笔记!!

day 96

CBV与FBV

restful协议

     ----  一切皆是资源,操作只是请求方式

     ----book表增删改查
         /books/                 books
         /books/add/             addbook
         /books/(\d+)/change/    changebook
         /books/(\d+)/delete/    delbook

    ----book表增删改查
         /books/     -----get            books      -----  返回当前所有数据
         /books/     -----post           books      -----  返回提交数据 

         /books/(\d+)-----get            bookdetail -----  返回当前查看的单条数据
         /books/(\d+)-----put            bookdetail -----  返回更新数据
         /books/(\d+)-----delete         bookdetail -----  返回空

         class  Books(View):
              def get(self,request):
                  pass  # 查看所有书籍

              def post(self,request)：
                  pass  # 添加书籍

         class  BooksDetail(View):
              def get(self,request,id):
                  pass  # 查看具体书籍

              def put(self,request,id):
                  pass  # 更新某本书籍

              def delete(self,request,id)：
                  pass  # 删除某本书籍      

restframework(Django)  

    ----针对数据：json

    (1)Django的原生request:

          浏览器   -------------  服务器

          "GET url?a=1&b=2 http/1.1\r\user_agent:Google\r\ncontentType:urlencoded\r\n\r\n"
          "POST url http/1.1\r\user_agent:Google\r\ncontentType:urlencoded\r\n\r\na=1&b=2"

          request.body: a=1&b=2
          request.POST:
                       if contentType:urlencoded:
                             a=1&b=2----->{"a":1,"b":2}

    (2)restframework 下的APIView：

    (3)
    class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer):
            name=serializers.CharField()
            email=serializers.CharField()

        obj = PublishSerializers(queryset,many=true)
        obj = PublishSerializers(model_obj)
        print(obj.data)

    总结：
        1 reuqest类----源码

        2 restframework 下的APIView--源码

          url(r'^books/$', views.BookView.as_view(),name="books")#  View下的view

          books/一旦被访问： view(request) ------APIView: dispatch()

        3 def dispatch():

              构建request对象
              self.request=Request(request)
              self.request._request
              self.request.GET  # get
              self.request.data # POST  PUT

              分发----if get请求：
                    if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
                        handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),
                                         self.http_method_not_allowed)
                    else:
                        handler = self.http_method_not_allowed   

                    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs) # self.get(request, *args, **kwargs)

                    return response                

        4 序列化类
            # from django.core import serializers
            # ret=serializers.serialize("json",publish_list)

            restframework下的序列类  BookModelSerializers
                将queryset或者model对象序列成一json数据
                    bs=BookModelSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
                    bs=BookModelSerializers(book,context={'request': request})

                还可以做校验数据，json-------》queryset/model-->记录

                    bs=BookModelSerializers(data=request.data)
                    if bs.is_valid():
                        print(bs.validated_data)
                        bs.save() # 重写create方法
        5 操作数据：

            以Book表为例
                class BookView(APIView):
                    # 查看所有书籍
                    def get(self,request):
                        book_list=Book.objects.all()
                        bs=BookModelSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request})
                        return Response(bs.data)

                    # 添加一本书籍
                    def post(self,request):
                        # post请求的数据
                        bs=BookModelSerializers(data=request.data)
                        if bs.is_valid():
                            print(bs.validated_data)
                            bs.save()# create方法
                            return Response(bs.data)
                        else:
                            return Response(bs.errors)

                class BookDetailView(APIView):
                    # 查看一本书籍
                    def get(self,request,id):

                        book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
                        bs=BookModelSerializers(book,context={'request': request})
                        return Response(bs.data)
                    # 更新一本书籍
                    def put(self,request,id):
                        book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
                        bs=BookModelSerializers(book,data=request.data)
                        if bs.is_valid():
                            bs.save()
                            return Response(bs.data)
                        else:
                            return Response(bs.errors)
                    # 删除某一本书籍
                    def delete(self,request,id):
                        Book.objects.filter(pk=id).delete()

                        return Response()

restframework

    1 APIView
    2 序列组件
    3 视图、
    4 组件（认证权限频率）
    5 数据解析器
    6 分页和Response