[转]序列化悍将Protobuf-Net，入门动手实录

最近在研究web api 2，看了一篇文章，讲解如何提升性能的，

在序列化速度的跑分中，Protobuf一骑绝尘，序列化速度快，性能强，体积小，所以打算了解下这个利器

1：安装篇

谷歌官方没有提供.net的实现，所以在nuget上找了一个移植的

Nuget里搜索Protobuf-net，下载，自动添加到项目中

2：定义数据结构

using ProtoBuf;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    [ProtoContract]
    class Person
    {
        [ProtoMember(1)]
        public int Id { get; set; }
        [ProtoMember(2)]
        public string Name { get; set; }
        [ProtoMember(3)]
        public Address Address { get; set; }
    }
    [ProtoContract]
    class Address
    {
        [ProtoMember(1)]
        public string Line1 { get; set; }
        [ProtoMember(2)]
        public string Line2 { get; set; }
    }
}

3：封装简单操作类

按照作者使用习惯，简单提供了一个Helper类

using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using ProtoBuf;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
   public class ProtobufHelper
    {
       /// <summary>
       /// 序列化
       /// </summary>
       /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
       /// <param name="t"></param>
       /// <returns></returns>
       public static string Serialize<T>(T t)
       {
           using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
           {
               Serializer.Serialize<T>(ms, t);
               return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
           }
       }

       /// <summary>
       /// 反序列化
       /// </summary>
       /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
       /// <param name="content"></param>
       /// <returns></returns>
       public static T DeSerialize<T>(string content)
       {
           using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content)))
           {
               T t = Serializer.Deserialize<T>(ms);
               return t;
           }
       }
    }
}

4：操作体验

代码很简单，就不分开贴了

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            var p1 = new Person
            {
                Id = 1,
                Name = "八百里开外",
                Address = new Address
                {
                    Line1 = "Line1",
                    Line2 = "Line2"
                }
            };

            var p2 = new Person
            {
                Id = 2,
                Name = "一枪",
                Address = new Address
                {
                    Line1 = "Flat Line1",
                    Line2 = "Flat Line2"
                }
            };

            List<Person> pSource = new List<Person>() { p1, p2 };

            string content = ProtobufHelper.Serialize<List<Person>>(pSource);

            Console.Write(content);
            //写入文件
            File.WriteAllText("D://hello.txt", content);

            Console.WriteLine("\r\n****解析部分*****");

            List<Person> pResult = ProtobufHelper.DeSerialize<List<Person>>(content);

            foreach (Person p in pResult)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(p.Name);
            }

            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

控制台运行结果

同样的数据，和Json所占用空间对比，高下立判

后记

protobuf虽然有千般好，但是我们是在 web api上使用的，前台js解析不了Protobuf，所以只能用Json咯~！

StackService虽然Github上有2K多个Star,但是收费的。。同样的事情web api 2也能做到，所以也略过它。

最终作者选择了跑分测试里面的第二名Jil  https://github.com/kevin-montrose/Jil

---

1. With very minimal annotation on the class level

[ProtoContract(ImplicitFields = ImplicitFields.AllPublic)] // only required on the class level
class PersonEntity
{
   public string FirstName { get; set; }
   public string LastName { get; set; }
}

2. Without any annotation (using RuntimeTypeModel)

static void InitializeProtobufRunTime()
{
    var assembly = Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(PlainEntities.PersonEntity));
    var types = assembly.GetTypes();
    foreach (var t in types.Where(x => x.Namespace.Contains("PlainEntities")))
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Processing {0}", t.FullName);
        var meta = RuntimeTypeModel.Default.Add(t, false);
        var index = ;

        // find any derived class for the entity
        foreach (var d in types.Where(x => x.IsSubclassOf(t)))
        {
            var i = index++;
            Console.WriteLine("\tSubtype: {0} - #{1}", d.Name, i);
            meta.AddSubType(i, d);
        }

        // then add the properties
        foreach (var p in t.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly).Where(x => x.GetSetMethod() != null))
        {
            var i = index++;
            Console.WriteLine("\tProperty: {0} - #{1}", p.Name, i);
            meta.AddField(i, p.Name);
        }
    }
}

And both the above works quite well without any performance differences.


------------------
TestBinaryEntities
------------------
Process: 100000 items, MemorySize: 7400705, Completed in: 3877 ms, Serialization took: 676 ms, Deserialization took: 2948 ms

----------------------------------
TestProtobufFullyAnnotatedEntities
----------------------------------
Process: 100000 items, MemorySize: 3983490, Completed in: 682 ms, Serialization took: 164 ms, Deserialization took: 253 ms

-------------------------------------
TestProtobufImplicitAnnotatedEntities
-------------------------------------
Process: 100000 items, MemorySize: 3983490, Completed in: 595 ms, Serialization took: 104 ms, Deserialization took: 210 ms

-------------------------------
TestProtobufRuntimeRegistration
-------------------------------
Processing ProtobufTestConsole.PlainEntities.BaseEntity
Subtype: PersonEntity - #1
Property: Id - #2
Property: Gender - #3
Processing ProtobufTestConsole.PlainEntities.PersonEntity
Property: FirstName - #1
Property: LastName - #2
Property: Age - #3
Process: 100000 items, MemorySize: 4083490, Completed in: 646 ms, Serialization took: 113 ms, Deserialization took: 232 ms


Looking forward to get this in :)

Also attached the sample project for reference