Asp.net 导入Excel数据
前台代码：
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload" runat="server" />
<asp:Button ID="btn" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="btn_Click" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
后台代码：
protected void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!this.FileUpload.HasFile)
{
this.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "<script>alert('路径不能为空！');</script>");
return;
} ////判断文件是否小于10Mb
//if (FileUpload.PostedFile.ContentLength < 10485760)
//{
try
{
//上传文件并指定上传目录的路径
FileUpload.PostedFile.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("~/UploadFiles/")
+ FileUpload.FileName);
string fileName = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/UploadFiles/" + FileUpload.FileName + ""); //把Excel数据转化成datatable数据 引用实体类DataTableToExcel的方法InputFromExcel()
DataTable dt = new Common.DataTableToExcel().InputFromExcel(System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/UploadFiles/" + FileUpload.FileName + ""), "Sheet1"); List<String> list = new List<string>();
string strInsertComm = "";
for (int i = ; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
strInsertComm = "Insert into STUDENT_WishSelectSchool(EduId,MiddleSchoolCode,WishType)";//数据库表的字段
strInsertComm += " values(";
for (int j = ; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
{
if (j > )
{
strInsertComm += ",'" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString().Trim() + "'";
}
else
{
strInsertComm += "'" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString().Trim() + "'";
}
}
strInsertComm += ")";
list.Add(strInsertComm);
}
Maticsoft.BLL.Wish.SelectSchool bll = new BLL.Wish.SelectSchool();
if (bll.Add(list) > )
{
this.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "<script>alert('导入成功！');</script>");
}
else
{
this.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "<script>alert('导入失败！');</script>");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript(GetType(), "", "<script>alert('" + ex.Message + "');</script>");
} //}
//else
//{
// //lblMessage.Text = "上传文件不能大于10MB!";
//}
}
连接数据库：
//执行批量添加的时候用事物添加（回滚）
public int Add(List<String> list)
{
object obj = DbHelperSQL.ExecuteSqlTran(list);
if (obj == null)
{
return ;
}
else
{
return Convert.ToInt32(obj);
}
} /// <summary>
/// 执行多条SQL语句，实现数据库事务。
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SQLStringList">多条SQL语句</param>
public static int ExecuteSqlTran(List<String> SQLStringList)
{
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
conn.Open();
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = conn;
SqlTransaction tx = conn.BeginTransaction();
cmd.Transaction = tx;
try
{
int count = ;
for (int n = ; n < SQLStringList.Count; n++)
{
string strsql = SQLStringList[n];
if (strsql.Trim().Length > )
{
cmd.CommandText = strsql;
count += cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
}
tx.Commit();
return count;
}
catch
{
tx.Rollback();
return ;
}
}
}
连接Excel并把数据转化成datatable的类
public class DataTableToExcel
{
#region 数据导出至Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// 导出Excel文件，自动返回可下载的文件流
/// </summary>
public void DataTable1Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData)
{
GridView gvExport = null;
HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;
StringWriter strWriter = null;
HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null;
if (dtData != null)
{
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");
curContext.Response.Charset = "utf-8";
strWriter = new StringWriter();
htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter);
gvExport = new GridView();
gvExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView;
gvExport.AllowPaging = false;
gvExport.DataBind();
gvExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter);
curContext.Response.Write("<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html;charset=gb2312\"/>" + strWriter.ToString());
curContext.Response.End();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 导出Excel文件，转换为可读模式
/// </summary>
public void DataTable2Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData)
{
DataGrid dgExport = null;
HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;
StringWriter strWriter = null;
HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null; if (dtData != null)
{
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
curContext.Response.Charset = "";
strWriter = new StringWriter();
htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter);
dgExport = new DataGrid();
dgExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView;
dgExport.AllowPaging = false;
dgExport.DataBind();
dgExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter);
curContext.Response.Write(strWriter.ToString());
curContext.Response.End();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 导出Excel文件，并自定义文件名
/// </summary>
public void DataTable3Excel(System.Data.DataTable dtData, String FileName)
{
GridView dgExport = null;
HttpContext curContext = HttpContext.Current;
StringWriter strWriter = null;
HtmlTextWriter htmlWriter = null; if (dtData != null)
{
HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
curContext.Response.AddHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + HttpUtility.UrlEncode(FileName, System.Text.Encoding.UTF8) + ".xls");
curContext.Response.ContentType = "application nd.ms-excel";
curContext.Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
curContext.Response.Charset = "GB2312";
strWriter = new StringWriter();
htmlWriter = new HtmlTextWriter(strWriter);
dgExport = new GridView();
dgExport.DataSource = dtData.DefaultView;
dgExport.AllowPaging = false;
dgExport.DataBind();
dgExport.RenderControl(htmlWriter);
curContext.Response.Write(strWriter.ToString());
curContext.Response.End();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 将数据导出至Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Table">DataTable对象</param>
/// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param>
public bool OutputToExcel(DataTable Table, string ExcelFilePath)
{
if (File.Exists(ExcelFilePath))
{
throw new Exception("该文件已经存在！");
} if ((Table.TableName.Trim().Length == ) || (Table.TableName.ToLower() == "table"))
{
Table.TableName = "Sheet1";
} //数据表的列数
int ColCount = Table.Columns.Count; //用于记数，实例化参数时的序号
int i = ; //创建参数
OleDbParameter[] para = new OleDbParameter[ColCount]; //创建表结构的SQL语句
string TableStructStr = @"Create Table " + Table.TableName + "("; //连接字符串
string connString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString); //创建表结构
OleDbCommand objCmd = new OleDbCommand(); //数据类型集合
ArrayList DataTypeList = new ArrayList();
DataTypeList.Add("System.Decimal");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Double");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int16");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int32");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int64");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Single"); //遍历数据表的所有列，用于创建表结构
foreach (DataColumn col in Table.Columns)
{
//如果列属于数字列，则设置该列的数据类型为double
if (DataTypeList.IndexOf(col.DataType.ToString()) >= )
{
para[i] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.ColumnName, OleDbType.Double);
objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[i]); //如果是最后一列
if (i + == ColCount)
{
TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " double)";
}
else
{
TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " double,";
}
}
else
{
para[i] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.ColumnName, OleDbType.VarChar);
objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[i]); //如果是最后一列
if (i + == ColCount)
{
TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " varchar)";
}
else
{
TableStructStr += col.ColumnName + " varchar,";
}
}
i++;
} //创建Excel文件及文件结构
try
{
objCmd.Connection = objConn;
objCmd.CommandText = TableStructStr; if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
objConn.Open();
}
objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
} //插入记录的SQL语句
string InsertSql_1 = "Insert into " + Table.TableName + " (";
string InsertSql_2 = " Values (";
string InsertSql = ""; //遍历所有列，用于插入记录，在此创建插入记录的SQL语句
for (int colID = ; colID < ColCount; colID++)
{
if (colID + == ColCount) //最后一列
{
InsertSql_1 += Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ")";
InsertSql_2 += "@" + Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ")";
}
else
{
InsertSql_1 += Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ",";
InsertSql_2 += "@" + Table.Columns[colID].ColumnName + ",";
}
} InsertSql = InsertSql_1 + InsertSql_2; //遍历数据表的所有数据行
for (int rowID = ; rowID < Table.Rows.Count; rowID++)
{
for (int colID = ; colID < ColCount; colID++)
{
if (para[colID].DbType == DbType.Double && Table.Rows[rowID][colID].ToString().Trim() == "")
{
para[colID].Value = ;
}
else
{
para[colID].Value = Table.Rows[rowID][colID].ToString().Trim();
}
}
try
{
objCmd.CommandText = InsertSql;
objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
string str = exp.Message;
}
}
try
{
if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
objConn.Close();
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
}
return true;
} /// <summary>
/// 将数据导出至Excel文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Table">DataTable对象</param>
/// <param name="Columns">要导出的数据列集合</param>
/// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param>
public bool OutputToExcel(DataTable Table, ArrayList Columns, string ExcelFilePath)
{
if (File.Exists(ExcelFilePath))
{
throw new Exception("该文件已经存在！");
} //如果数据列数大于表的列数，取数据表的所有列
if (Columns.Count > Table.Columns.Count)
{
for (int s = Table.Columns.Count + ; s <= Columns.Count; s++)
{
Columns.RemoveAt(s); //移除数据表列数后的所有列
}
} //遍历所有的数据列，如果有数据列的数据类型不是 DataColumn，则将它移除
DataColumn column = new DataColumn();
for (int j = ; j < Columns.Count; j++)
{
try
{
column = (DataColumn)Columns[j];
}
catch (Exception)
{
Columns.RemoveAt(j);
}
}
if ((Table.TableName.Trim().Length == ) || (Table.TableName.ToLower() == "table"))
{
Table.TableName = "Sheet1";
} //数据表的列数
int ColCount = Columns.Count; //创建参数
OleDbParameter[] para = new OleDbParameter[ColCount]; //创建表结构的SQL语句
string TableStructStr = @"Create Table " + Table.TableName + "("; //连接字符串
string connString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
OleDbConnection objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString); //创建表结构
OleDbCommand objCmd = new OleDbCommand(); //数据类型集合
ArrayList DataTypeList = new ArrayList();
DataTypeList.Add("System.Decimal");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Double");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int16");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int32");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Int64");
DataTypeList.Add("System.Single"); DataColumn col = new DataColumn(); //遍历数据表的所有列，用于创建表结构
for (int k = ; k < ColCount; k++)
{
col = (DataColumn)Columns[k]; //列的数据类型是数字型
if (DataTypeList.IndexOf(col.DataType.ToString().Trim()) >= )
{
para[k] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.Caption.Trim(), OleDbType.Double);
objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[k]); //如果是最后一列
if (k + == ColCount)
{
TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " Double)";
}
else
{
TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " Double,";
}
}
else
{
para[k] = new OleDbParameter("@" + col.Caption.Trim(), OleDbType.VarChar);
objCmd.Parameters.Add(para[k]); //如果是最后一列
if (k + == ColCount)
{
TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " VarChar)";
}
else
{
TableStructStr += col.Caption.Trim() + " VarChar,";
}
}
} //创建Excel文件及文件结构
try
{
objCmd.Connection = objConn;
objCmd.CommandText = TableStructStr; if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
objConn.Open();
}
objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
} //插入记录的SQL语句
string InsertSql_1 = "Insert into " + Table.TableName + " (";
string InsertSql_2 = " Values (";
string InsertSql = ""; //遍历所有列，用于插入记录，在此创建插入记录的SQL语句
for (int colID = ; colID < ColCount; colID++)
{
if (colID + == ColCount) //最后一列
{
InsertSql_1 += Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ")";
InsertSql_2 += "@" + Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ")";
}
else
{
InsertSql_1 += Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ",";
InsertSql_2 += "@" + Columns[colID].ToString().Trim() + ",";
}
} InsertSql = InsertSql_1 + InsertSql_2; //遍历数据表的所有数据行
DataColumn DataCol = new DataColumn();
for (int rowID = ; rowID < Table.Rows.Count; rowID++)
{
for (int colID = ; colID < ColCount; colID++)
{
//因为列不连续，所以在取得单元格时不能用行列编号，列需得用列的名称
DataCol = (DataColumn)Columns[colID];
if (para[colID].DbType == DbType.Double && Table.Rows[rowID][DataCol.Caption].ToString().Trim() == "")
{
para[colID].Value = ;
}
else
{
para[colID].Value = Table.Rows[rowID][DataCol.Caption].ToString().Trim();
}
}
try
{
objCmd.CommandText = InsertSql;
objCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
string str = exp.Message;
}
}
try
{
if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
objConn.Close();
}
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
}
return true;
}
#endregion /// <summary>
/// 获取Excel文件数据表列表
/// </summary>
public ArrayList GetExcelTables(string ExcelFileName)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
ArrayList TablesList = new ArrayList();
if (File.Exists(ExcelFileName))
{
string com = GetCom(ExcelFileName);
using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(com))
{
try
{
conn.Open();
dt = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
} //获取数据表个数
int tablecount = dt.Rows.Count;
for (int i = ; i < tablecount; i++)
{
string tablename = dt.Rows[i][].ToString().Trim().TrimEnd('$');
if (TablesList.IndexOf(tablename) < )
{
TablesList.Add(tablename);
}
}
}
}
return TablesList;
} /// <summary>
/// 将Excel文件导出至DataTable(第一行作为表头)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ExcelFilePath">Excel文件路径</param>
/// <param name="TableName">数据表名，如果数据表名错误，默认为第一个数据表名</param>
public DataTable InputFromExcel(string ExcelFilePath, string TableName)
{
if (!File.Exists(ExcelFilePath))
{
throw new Exception("Excel文件不存在！");
} //如果数据表名不存在，则数据表名为Excel文件的第一个数据表
ArrayList TableList = new ArrayList();
TableList = GetExcelTables(ExcelFilePath); if (TableName.IndexOf(TableName) < )
{
TableName = TableList[].ToString().Trim();
} string com = GetCom(ExcelFilePath); DataTable table = new DataTable();
OleDbConnection dbcon = new OleDbConnection(com);
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("select * from [" + TableName + "$]", dbcon);
OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(cmd); try
{
if (dbcon.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
dbcon.Open();
}
adapter.Fill(table);
}
catch (Exception exp)
{
throw exp;
}
finally
{
if (dbcon.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
dbcon.Close();
}
}
return table;
} /// <summary>
/// 获取Excel文件指定数据表的数据列表
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ExcelFileName">Excel文件名</param>
/// <param name="TableName">数据表名</param>
public ArrayList GetExcelTableColumns(string ExcelFileName, string TableName)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
ArrayList ColsList = new ArrayList();
if (File.Exists(ExcelFileName))
{
using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFileName))
{
conn.Open();
dt = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, TableName, null }); //获取列个数
int colcount = dt.Rows.Count;
for (int i = ; i < colcount; i++)
{
string colname = dt.Rows[i]["Column_Name"].ToString().Trim();
ColsList.Add(colname);
}
}
}
return ColsList;
} public string GetCom(string ExcelFilePath)
{
string com = null;
if (ExcelFilePath.Substring(ExcelFilePath.LastIndexOf('.')) == ".xls")
{
com = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath;
}
else
{
com = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + ExcelFilePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=YES;'";
}
return com;
}
}
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