ASP.NET MVC 异步Excel数据选择导出

以前习惯用一些框架来实现Excel文件数据导出，工作中也经常用到：比如extJs、easyUI、angularJs等，最近在做mvc程序的时候要实现该功能，相信这种功能在我们实际工作中是很常见，尤其是一些后台系统，导出报表之类的。因为本人在实际工作项目中开发一直都是用Ajax实现，所以这里也是一样，废话就不多说了，直接上代码：

1.后台新闻Index页面

 @model IEnumerable<MSCampus.MvcWebSite.Areas.Admin.Models.NewsViewModel>

 @{
     ViewBag.Title = "Index";
 }
 </script>
 <script>
     //全选 反选功能
     function selectAll(o) {
         var chklist = document.getElementsByName("chkList");
         for (var i = ; i < chklist.length; i++) {
             chklist[i].checked = o.checked;
         }
     }
     //批量删除
     function delList() {
         var flag = false;
         var ids = '';
         var chklist = document.getElementsByName("chkList");
         for (var i = ; i < chklist.length; i++) {
             if (chklist[i].checked) {
                 flag = true;
                 ids += chklist[i].value + ",";
             }
         }
         if (flag) {
             if (confirm("确定删除吗？")) {
                 $.ajax({
                     type: "post",
                     url: "/Admin/News/Delete",
                     data: { ids: ids.substr(, ids.length - ) },
                     success: function (data) {
                         if (data.result) {
                             alert(data.msg);
                             window.location.href = "/Admin/News/Index";
                         } else {
                             alert(data.msg);
                         }
                     }
                 });
             }
         } else {
             alert("至少选中一项进行操作");
             return false;
         }
     }

     //导出Excel
     function ExportData() {
         var ids = '';
         var chklist = document.getElementsByName("chkList");
         for (var i = ; i < chklist.length; i++) {
             if (chklist[i].checked) {
                 flag = true;
                 ids += chklist[i].value + ",";
             }
         }
         $.ajax({
             type: 'POST',
             url: '/Admin/News/ExportExcelFile',
             data: { idlist: ids },
             //contentType: 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
             //dataType: 'json',
             success: function (data) {
                 if (data.fileName != "") {
                     window.location = '/Admin/News/Download?file=' + data.fileName;
                 }
             }
         });
     }
 </script>

 <p>
     @Html.ActionLink("发布新闻", "Create", null, new { @class = "btn btn-primary" }) &nbsp;
     <input type="button" value="删除" onclick="delList()" class="btn btn-danger" />&nbsp;
     <input type="button" value="导出Excel" class="btn btn-warning" onclick="ExportData()" />
 </p>
 <div class="main-content">
     <div class="panel panel-default">
         <a href="#page-stats" class="panel-heading" data-toggle="collapse">新闻列表 </a>
         <div id="page-stats" class="panel-collapse panel-body collapse in">
             <table class="table">
                 <tr>
                     <th><input type="checkbox" id="selectAll" onclick="selectAll(this)" /></th>
                     <th>
                         @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.Title)
                     </th>
                     <th>
                         @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.ViewTimes)
                     </th>
                     <th>
                         @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.CreateDate)
                     </th>
                     <th>操作</th>
                 </tr>
                 @foreach (var item in Model)
                 {
                     <tr>
                         <td>
                             <input type="checkbox" name="chkList" value="@item.Id" />
                         </td>
                         <td title="@item.Title">
                             @if (item.Title.Length > )
                             {
                                 @(item.Title.Substring(, ) + "...")
                             }
                             else
                             {
                                 @item.Title
                             }
                         </td>
                         <td>
                             @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.ViewTimes)
                         </td>
                         <td>
                             @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.CreateDate)
                         </td>
                         <td>
                             @Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = item.Id }) |
                             @Html.ActionLink("详细", "Details", new { id = item.Id })
                         </td>
                     </tr>
                 }
             </table>
             @Html.Partial("Paging")
         </div>
     </div>
 </div>

2.请求控制器代码实现

[HttpPost]
        public JsonResult ExportExcelFile(string idlist)
        {
            DataTable dt = _NewsBll.GetDataTableByIds(idlist.TrimEnd(','));

            var fileName = string.Format("{0}新闻信息.xls", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHssmm"));
            //判断文件目录是否存在，不存在则创建
            if (!Directory.Exists(Server.MapPath("~/MyTempFiles")))
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(Server.MapPath("~/MyTempFiles"));
            }
            //将生成的文件保存到服务器临时文件夹中
            string fullPath = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/MyTempFiles"), fileName);

            using (var exportData = NPOIExcelHelper.ExportToExcelStream(dt, "新闻列表"))
            {
                //创建一个文件
                FileStream file = new FileStream(fullPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write);
                exportData.WriteTo(file);
                file.Close();
            }
            //返回生成的文件名
            return Json(new { fileName = fileName });
        }

　　3.使用NPOI生成文件返回IO流

   public static MemoryStream ExportToExcelStream(DataTable dt, string sheetName)
        {
            //创建一个工作簿
            NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook book = new NPOI.HSSF.UserModel.HSSFWorkbook();
            NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet = book.CreateSheet(sheetName); //创建sheet

            //Excel表头
            NPOI.SS.UserModel.IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0); //创建行
            ICellStyle style = book.CreateCellStyle(); //创建单元格
            style.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center; //对齐方式
            style.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;  //单元格居中对齐

            //表头
            for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
            {
                ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
                cell.CellStyle = style;
                cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
            }

            #region 填充数据
            for (int i = 1; i <= dt.Rows.Count; i++)//遍历DataTable行
            {
                DataRow dataRow = dt.Rows[i - 1];
                row = sheet.CreateRow(i);//在工作表中添加一行

                for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)//遍历DataTable列
                {
                    ICell cell = row.CreateCell(j);//在行中添加一列
                    cell.SetCellValue(dataRow[j].ToString());//设置列的内容
                }
            }
            #endregion
            MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
            book.Write(ms);
            return ms; //返回文件流
        }

　　

4.后台请求处理完成数据生成的文件然后进行下载

/// <summary>
        /// 下载完后需要自动删除该文件 过滤器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="file"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpGet]
        [DeleteFile]
        public ActionResult Download(string file)
        {
            string fullPath = Path.Combine(Server.MapPath("~/MyTempFiles"), file);
            return File(fullPath, "application/vnd.ms-excel", file);
        }

　　5.同时考虑到服务器资源磁盘空间的占用，这里写了一个过滤器，文件生成下载成功后删除。

/// <summary>
    /// 下载完文件后删除
    /// </summary>
    public class DeleteFileAttribute:ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Flush();
            //将当前filtercontext 转换成具体操作的文件并获取文件路径
            string filePath = (filterContext.Result as FilePathResult).FileName;
            //有文件路径就可以直接删除相应文件
            System.IO.File.Delete(filePath);
            base.OnResultExecuted(filterContext);
        }
    }

　　总结：以上是全部代码的实现，如有问题欢迎批评指正，谢谢！