.NET 配置文件简单使用

当我们开发系统的时候要把一部分设置提取到外部的时候，那么就要用到.NET的配置文件了。比如我的框架中使用哪个IOC容器需要可以灵活的选择，那我就需要把IOC容器的设置提取到配置文件中去配置。实现有几种方法。

1.使用appSettings

这个是最简单的可以设置和读取的用户设置

程序中可以用key去读取：

string objContainer = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["objectContainer"];

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

简单实用但是不够优雅。

2.实现自己的配置节点

首先在configSections节点配置自己的配置解析类。

那么如何来解析这段配置呢？有两个办法。

方法1：

实现IConfigurationSectionHandler接口来自己解析配置文件的xml文件。

public class ObjectContainerElement
{
          public string Provider {get;set;}
          public string IocModule {get; set;}
}

public class AgileFRConfigurationHandler: IConfigurationSectionHandler
    {
        public object Create(object parent, object configContext, XmlNode section)
        {

               var node =section.ChildNodes[0];
                if (node.Name != "objectContainer")
                    throw new ConfigurationErrorsException("不可识别的配置项", node);
            var config = new ObjectContainerElement();
                foreach (XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes)
                {
                    switch (attr.Name)
                    {
                        case "provider":
                            config. Provider = attr.Value;
                            break;
                        case "iocModule":
                            config .IocModule = attr.Value;
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw new ConfigurationErrorsException("不可识别的配置属性", attr);
                    }
                }
            }
            return config;
        }

//使用
 var config = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("agileFRConfiguration") as ObjectContainerElement;

这个方法看上去就略屌了，不过就是太麻烦了。
.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

方法2：

继承ConfigurationSection类，配合ConfigurationProperty特性来实现

 public class ObjectContainerElement : ConfigurationElement
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("provider", IsRequired = true)]
        public string Provider
        {
            get
            {
                return (string)this["provider"];
            }
            set
            {
                this["provider"] = (object)value;
            }
        }
        [ConfigurationProperty("iocModule", IsRequired = false)]
        public string IocModule
        {
            get
            {
                return (string)this["iocModule"];
            }
            set
            {
                this["iocModule"] = (object)value;
            }
        }
    }

 /// <summary>
    /// 配置处理类
    /// </summary>
    public class AgileFRConfigurationHandler : ConfigurationSection
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("objectContainer", IsRequired = true)]
        public ObjectContainerElement ObjectContainer
        {
            get
            {
                return (ObjectContainerElement)this["objectContainer"];
            }
            set
            {
                this["objectContainer"] = (object)value;
            }
        }
    }

//使用

var configurationHandler = (AgileFRConfigurationHandler)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("agileFRConfiguration");
var objectContainer=configurationHandler.ObjectContainer;

这个方法简单优雅，我喜欢。

3.Settings.settings

这个方法我不太喜欢，它会自己生成配置文件对应的Class。不说了。

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }

.csharpcode, .csharpcode pre
{
font-size: small;
color: black;
font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace;
background-color: #ffffff;
/*white-space: pre;*/
}
.csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; }
.csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; }
.csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; }
.csharpcode .str { color: #006080; }
.csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; }
.csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; }
.csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; }
.csharpcode .html { color: #800000; }
.csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; }
.csharpcode .alt
{
background-color: #f4f4f4;
width: 100%;
margin: 0em;
}
.csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }