insufficient privileges for 'SYS' when 'shutdown immediate'

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0      Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> conn / as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> set autot on;
SQL> select count(*) from session_privs;

COUNT(*)
----------
       208

执行计划
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3293442843

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation          | Name                   | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |                        |     1 |    31 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE    |                        |     1 |    31 |            |          |
|   2 |   NESTED LOOPS     |                        |     1 |    31 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |    FIXED TABLE FULL| X$KZSPR                |     1 |    26 |     0   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|*  4 |    INDEX RANGE SCAN| I_SYSTEM_PRIVILEGE_MAP |     1 |     5 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

3 - filter("INST_ID"=USERENV('INSTANCE'))
   4 - access("SPM"."PRIVILEGE"=(-"KZSPRPRV"))

统计信息
----------------------------------------------------------
          0  recursive calls
          0  db block gets
          3  consistent gets
          0  physical reads
          0  redo size
        431  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
        419  bytes received via SQL*Net from client
          2  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
          0  sorts (memory)
          0  sorts (disk)
          1  rows processed

SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01097: 无法在事务处理过程中关闭 - 请首先提交或回退
SQL> set autot off;
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
SQL> show user;
USER is "SYS"
SQL> select count(*) from session_privs;

COUNT(*)
----------
       200
SQL> create table tmp_session_privs as select * from session_privs;

表已创建。

SQL> conn / as sysdba
已连接。
SQL> select * from session_privs s where not exists (select 1 from tmp_session_privs t where s.privilege=t.privilege);

PRIVILEGE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYSOPER
EXEMPT ACCESS POLICY
ANALYZE ANY DICTIONARY
SELECT ANY DICTIONARY
EXEMPT IDENTITY POLICY
ALTER DATABASE LINK
SYSDBA
ALTER PUBLIC DATABASE LINK

已选择8行。