Django REST framework之版本，解释器，序列化

1 版本

通过？后面传版本号有两种方法：

方法一

from django.shortcuts import render

from rest_framework.views import  APIView

from rest_framework.response import Response

from  rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication

from rest_framework.versioning import QueryParameterVersioning,URLPathVersioning,HostNameVersioning

from rest_framework.renderers import BrowsableAPIRenderer,JSONRenderer

# Create your views here.

class UserView(APIView):

    #版本号通过？后面传参数

    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        print('',request.version)

        version=request.query_params.get('version')

        if version=="v1":

            ret={

                "name":"Frank"

            }

        elif version=="v2":

            ret={

                "name":"Tom"

            }

        else:

            ret='错误信息'

        return  Response(ret)

方法二：

versioning_class = QueryParameterVersioning#用这个的话，可以使用request.version来获取值

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        print('', request.version)

        if request.version == "v1":

            ret = {

                "name": "Frank5555"

            }

        elif request.version == "v2":

            ret = {

                "name": "Tom"

            }

        else:

            ret = '错误信息'

        return Response(ret)

把url放在里面：

 #版本号放在URL里面

    # versioning_class = URLPathVersioning

    #

    # def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

    #     print('11111', request.version)

    #     from django.urls import reverse

    #     url=reverse(viewname="u",kwargs={"version":'v1'})#django生成的URl需要拼接

    #     # url=request.versioning_scheme.reverse(viewname='u',request=request)#反向生成URl，这个URL不需要拼接。

    #     print(url)

    #     if request.version == "v1":

    #         ret = {

    #             "name": "Frank5555"

    #         }

    #     elif request.version == "v2":

    #         ret = {

    #             "name": "Tom"

    #         }

    #     else:

    #         ret = '错误信息'

    #     return Response(ret)

子域名版本：

  versioning_class=HostNameVersioning

     def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        # print('11111', request.version)

        # print('222',request.versioning_scheme)

        if request.version == "v1":

            ret = {

                "name": "Frank5555"

            }

        elif request.version == "v2":

            ret = {

                "name": "Tom"

            }

        else:

            ret = '错误信息'

        return Response(ret)

上面的设置可以看成时在视图里面设置的。

也可以在全局设置：(只能使用一种)

REST_FRAMEWORK = {

                'VERSION_PARAM':'version',

                'DEFAULT_VERSION':'v1',

                'ALLOWED_VERSIONS':['v1','v2'],

                #'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':"rest_framework.versioning.HostNameVersioning"

                'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':"rest_framework.versioning.URLPathVersioning"

            }

2 解释器

文字解释：

请求的数据进行解析：请求体进行解析。表示服务端可以解析的数据格式的种类。

            Content-Type: application/url-encoding.....

            request.body

            request.POST

            Content-Type: application/json.....

            request.body

            request.POST#里面没有数据

        客户端：

            Content-Type: application/json

            '{"name":"alex","age":123}'

        服务端接收：

            读取客户端发送的Content-Type的值 application/json

            parser_classes = [JSONParser,]

            如果客户端的Content-Type的值和 application/json 匹配：JSONParser处理数据

            如果客户端的Content-Type的值和 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 匹配：FormParser处理数据

        配置：

            单视图：

            class UsersView(APIView):

                parser_classes = [JSONParser,]

            全局配置：

                REST_FRAMEWORK = {

                    'VERSION_PARAM':'version',

                    'DEFAULT_VERSION':'v1',

                    'ALLOWED_VERSIONS':['v1','v2'],

                    # 'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':"rest_framework.versioning.HostNameVersioning"

                    'DEFAULT_VERSIONING_CLASS':"rest_framework.versioning.URLPathVersioning",

                    'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES':[

                        'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',

                        'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',

                    ]

                }

from django.shortcuts import render

# Create your views here.

from django.shortcuts import render

from rest_framework.views import APIView

from rest_framework.response import Response

from rest_framework.authentication import  BasicAuthentication

from rest_framework.versioning import QueryParameterVersioning,URLPathVersioning,HostNameVersioning

from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,FormParser

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        print('生活如此美好')

        return  Response(">>>>>fuck")

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        #parser_classes = [JSONParser, ]这是局部的

        #application/json

        print('json',request._request.body)#里面放的时Json数据是b"xxxxx"

        print('json',request._request.POST)#里面没有数据

        print('json',request.data)

        #www-form-url-encode

        print('body',request._request.body)#字节的形式b'k1=v1&k2=v2'

        print('post',request._request.POST)# <QueryDict: {'k1': ['v1'], 'k2': ['v2']}>

        print('encode',request.data)

        print(request.POST)

        return  Response('.......')

3.序列化

rest framework序列化+From验证

序列化：

对象=》字符串序列化

字符串=》对象反序列化

目的：

解决QuerySet序列化问题

用到了路由分发：

"""demo URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:

    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/

Examples:

Function views

    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')

Class-based views

    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')

Including another URLconf

    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include

    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))

"""

from django.conf.urls import url,include

from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    # url(r'^app01/(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/', include('app01.urls')),

    url(r'^app01/', include('app01.urls')),

    url(r'^app02/', include('app02.urls')),

    url(r'^app03/', include('app03.urls')),

    url(r'^app05/', include('app05.urls')),

]

每个app里面的路由都是大同小异：

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import  views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^user/', views.UserView.as_view(),name='u'),

]

a.基本操作：

class UsersSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

            name = serializers.CharField()

            pwd = serializers.CharField()

 class UsersView(APIView):

           def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

                self.dispatch

                # 方式一：

                # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values('name','pwd','group__id',"group__title")

                # return Response(user_list)

                # 方式二之多对象

                # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

                # ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list,many=True)

                # return Response(ser.data)

                # 方式二之单对象

                user = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()

                ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user, many=False)

                return Response(ser.data)

b.跨表操作：

class UsersSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

                      name = serializers.CharField()

                      pwd = serializers.CharField()

                      group_id = serializers.CharField()

                      xxxx = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")

                      x1 = serializers.CharField(source="group.mu.name")

                class UsersView(APIView):

                    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

                        self.dispatch

                        # 方式一：

                        # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values('name','pwd','group__id',"group__title")

                        # return Response(user_list)

                        # 方式二之多对象

                        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

                        ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list,many=True)

                        return Response(ser.data)

c.复杂多对多操作(主要是多对多的显示)

方法一：

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.views import APIView

from  rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.authentication import BasicAuthentication
from rest_framework.versioning import QueryParameterVersioning
from  rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.request import Request
from . import models


class MyCharField(serializers.CharField):

    def to_representation(self, value):

        print(value)

        data_list=[]

        for row in value:

            data_list.append(row.name)

        return  data_list

class UsersSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

    name = serializers.CharField()

    pwd = serializers.CharField()

    # group_id=serializers.CharField()

    # xxxx=serializers.CharField(source="group.title")

    # x1=serializers.CharField(source="group.mu.name")

    x2=MyCharField(source="roles.all")#多对多建立方法就是更改显示的方式

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().first()

        ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list, many=False)

        return Response(ser.data)

方法二：

class MyCharField(serializers.CharField):

    def to_representation(self, value):

        return  {'id':value.pk,'name':value.name}

class UsersSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

    name = serializers.CharField()

    pwd = serializers.CharField()

    # group_id=serializers.CharField()

    # xxxx=serializers.CharField(source="group.title")

    # x1=serializers.CharField(source="group.mu.name")

    # x2=MyCharField(source="roles.all")#多对多建立方法就是更改显示的方式

    x2=serializers.ListField(child=MyCharField(),source="roles.all")

方法三：(推荐使用这个方法因为可以自己修改和加约束条件)

class UsersSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

    name = serializers.CharField()

    pwd = serializers.CharField()

    # group_id=serializers.CharField()

    # xxxx=serializers.CharField(source="group.title")

    # x1=serializers.CharField(source="group.mu.name")

    # x2=MyCharField(source="roles.all")#多对多建立方法就是更改显示的方式

    # x2=serializers.ListField(child=MyCharField(),source="roles.all")

    x2=serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    def get_x2(self,obj):

        obj.roles.all()

        role_list=obj.roles.filter(id__gt=1)

        data_list=[]

        for row in role_list:

            data_list.append({'pk':row.pk,'name':row.name})

        return  data_list

以上三种都是使用相同的视图：

d.生成Modell时：

class UsersSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:

        model=models.UserInfo

        fields="__all__"

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().all()

        ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list, many=True)

        return Response(ser.data)

e.生成Ulr时：

class UsersSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    group=serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='detail')

    class Meta:

        model=models.UserInfo

        # fields="__all__"

        fields=['name','pwd','group']

        depth=1

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list, many=True,context={'request':request})

        return Response(ser.data)

url为

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import  views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^user/', views.UserView.as_view(),name='u'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

]

f生成全局URL时：

class UsersSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):

    class Meta:

        model=models.UserInfo

        fields="__all__"

        # fields=['name','pwd','group']

        # depth=1

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):

        user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        ser = UsersSerializer(instance=user_list, many=True,context={'request':request})

        return Response(ser.data)

它的url：

from django.conf.urls import url

from . import  views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^user/', views.UserView.as_view(),name='u'),

    # url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

    # url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

    # url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='detail'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='userinfo-detail'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='group-detail'),

    url(r'^xxxx/(?P<pk>\d+)', views.UserView.as_view(),name='role-detail'),

]

数据验证有两种方式：

class PasswordValidator(object):

    def __init__(self,base):

        self.base=base

    def __call__(self, value):

        if value !=self.base:

            message='用户输入的值必须是%s'%self.base

            raise  serializers.ValidationError(message)

    def set_context(self,serializer_field):

        pass

class UserSeializer(serializers.Serializer):

    name=serializers.CharField(min_length=6)

    pwd=serializers.CharField(error_messages={'required':'密码不能为空'},validators=[PasswordValidator('')])

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        ser=UserSeializer(instance=user_list,many=True,context={'request':request})

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        ser=UserSeializer(data=request.data)

        if ser.is_valid():

            print(ser.validated_data)

        else:

            print(ser.errors)

        return  Response('.....')

class PasswordValidator(object):

    def __init__(self,base):

        self.base=base

    def __call__(self, value):

        if value !=self.base:

            message='用户输入的值必须是%s'%self.base

            raise  serializers.ValidationError(message)

    def set_context(self,serializer_field):

        pass

class UserSeializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:

        model=models.UserInfo

        fields="__all__"

        extra_kwargs={

            'name':{'min_length':6},

            'pwd':{'validators':[PasswordValidator(666),]}

        }

class UserView(APIView):

    def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        user_list=models.UserInfo.objects.all()

        ser=UserSeializer(instance=user_list,many=True,context={'request':request})

    def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs):

        ser=UserSeializer(data=request.data)

        if ser.is_valid():

            print(ser.validated_data)

        else:

            print(ser.errors)

        return  Response('.....')

Django REST framework之版本，解释器，序列化的更多相关文章

Django REST framework 中文教程1:序列化
建立环境在我们做任何事情之前,我们将使用virtualenv创建一个新的虚拟环境.这将确保我们的包配置与我们正在开展的任何其他项目保持良好的隔离. virtualenv envsource env/ ...
Django rest framework（6）----序列化
目录 Django rest framework(1)----认证 Django rest framework(2)----权限 Django rest framework(3)----节流 Djan ...
Django Rest framework 之版本
RESTful 规范 django rest framework 之认证(一) django rest framework 之权限(二) django rest framework 之节流(三) ...
day71:drf:API接口&Restful API规范&Django Rest Framework&drf中的序列化和反序列化功能
目录 1.web应用模式 2.API接口 3.Restful API规范 4.序列化 5.Django Rest Framework 1.drf的简单介绍 2.drf的特点 3.如何安装drf 4.d ...
Django rest framework 之版本
一.通过 QueryParameterVersioning 获取版本通过 QueryParameterVersioning 从 get 请求中获取版本信息: 1.新建 app,名为 api,Proj ...
Django rest framework（6）----序列化（2）
为什么要序列化 django 查询数据库返回的类型是 queryset 类型而我们和前端通信使用的大多数是json类型,这个时候我们需要把 queryset的数据类型转换成python的数据类型然 ...
Django rest framework源码分析（4）----版本
版本新建一个工程Myproject和一个app名为api (1)api/models.py from django.db import models class UserInfo(models.Mo ...
Django Rest framework 之序列化
RESTful 规范 django rest framework 之认证(一) django rest framework 之权限(二) django rest framework 之节流(三) ...
Django rest framework（4）----版本
目录 Django组件库之(一) APIView源码 Django restframework (1) ----认证 Django rest framework(2)----权限 Django res ...

随机推荐

snmp自定义OID与文件下载----服务器端配置
客户端使用命令工具:snmpwalk 服务端开启服务 snmp service.下载安装 net-snmp. 最近做了一些工作,记性较差感觉还是记下来比较好,毕竟网上能查到的有用的资料太少了. 自定义 ...
[JZOJ5970] Space
Description 在一个四维空间中,给 \(4\) 个 \(n\) 的排列 \(A,B,C,D\),对于点 \((x,y,z,w)\) ,到点 \((A_x,B_y,C_z,D_w)\) 的花费 ...
C#添加IIS站点
利用IIS7自带类库管理IIS现在变的更强大更方便,而完全可以不需要用DirecotryEntry这个类了(乐博网中很多.net管理iis6.0的文章都用到了DirecotryEntry这个类 ),M ...
流程控制<二>
上一篇:Numbers.Strings.Lists 笔记<一>下一篇:数据结构-Python3.7<三> 如果需要修改迭代中的数据,建议先赋值一个副本(e.g:序列,切片复制的 ...
VB.NET 窗體操作
Private Sub A1() '加载窗体 frm1.Show() End Sub Private Sub A2() '離開 Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill() E ...
MEF 插件式开发之小试牛刀
MEF 简介 Managed Extensibility Framework 即 MEF 是用于创建轻量.可扩展应用程序的库. 它让应用程序开发人员得以发现和使用扩展且无需配置. 它还让扩展开发人员得 ...
linux学习笔记-文件相关知识
我的邮箱地址:zytrenren@163.com欢迎大家交流学习纠错! 一.文件属性在当前用户家目录下以ls -al命令输出为例: -rw-r--r-- 1 renren ...
Python 简单分页思路
一: li = [] for i in range(1000): li.append(i) while True: p = input('input page: ') p = int(p) start ...
PHP与.Net的区别（一）接口
一.关于接口成员 PHP的接口成员只能包括两种: 1.函数签名 2.常量 .Net的接口成员只能包括三种: 1.函数签名 2.属性(注意:是属性,不是字段) 3.事件 4.索引器(也叫有参属性)
Code::Blocks + GDAL
[root@server20 ~]# yum install cmake cmake-gui [root@server20 ~]# yum install cairo-devel libcurl-de ...

Django REST framework之版本，解释器，序列化

Django REST framework之版本，解释器，序列化的更多相关文章

随机推荐

热门专题