ssh反向代理树莓派+motion，实现公网远程视频监控

注意：本文公网远程监控部分需要借助有公网IP的云服务器进行ssh反向代理。

一、借助motion实现内网的视频监控

• 准备
  • 插上摄像头，然后输入ls /dev/video*命令检查是否识别了摄像头
• 安装motion
  • motion是linux开源的，在树莓派上使用sudo apt-get install motion命令安装，安装很方便。
• 修改motion配置
  • 常用配置及含义

  # Start in daemon (background) mode and release terminal (default: off)
  # 在后台运行。设置为off将在前台运行
  daemon on
  # Videodevice to be used for capturing  (default /dev/video0)
  # for FreeBSD default is /dev/bktr0
  # 视频设备，刚才ls /dev/video*看到的
  videodevice /dev/video0
  # Image width (pixels). Valid range: Camera dependent, default: 352
  # 图像宽
  width 320
  # Image height (pixels). Valid range: Camera dependent, default: 288
  # 图像高
  height 240
  # The setting for keep-alive of network socket, should improve performance on compatible net cameras.
  # off: The historical implementation using HTTP/1.0, closing the socket after each http request.
  # force: Use HTTP/1.0 requests with keep alive header to reuse the same connection.
  # on: Use HTTP/1.1 requests that support keep alive as default.
  # Default: off
  # 开启KeepAlive功能
  netcam_keepalive on
  # Output 'normal' pictures when motion is detected (default: on)
  # Valid values: on, off, first, best, center
  # When set to 'first', only the first picture of an event is saved.
  # Picture with most motion of an event is saved when set to 'best'.
  # Picture with motion nearest center of picture is saved when set to 'center'.
  # Can be used as preview shot for the corresponding movie.
  # 禁用自动拍照保存的功能
  output_pictures off
  # Use ffmpeg to encode movies in realtime (default: off)
  # 禁用自动拍摄视频保存的功能
  ffmpeg_output_movies off
  # The mini-http server listens to this port for requests (default: 0 = disabled)
  # 视频监听的端口，默认8081
  stream_port 1001
  # Quality of the jpeg (in percent) images produced (default: 50)
  # 图像质量
  stream_quality 50
  # Output frames at 1 fps when no motion is detected and increase to the
  # rate given by stream_maxrate when motion is detected (default: off)
  stream_motion on
  # Maximum framerate for stream streams (default: 1)
  # 帧数8，需要先把上面的选项改成on
  stream_maxrate 8
  # Set the authentication method (default: 0)
  # 0 = disabled
  # 1 = Basic authentication
  # 2 = MD5 digest (the safer authentication)
  # 改成1，增加授权验证，访问需要输入密码
  stream_auth_method 1
  # Authentication for the stream. Syntax username:password
  # Default: not defined (Disabled)
  # 设置用户名username和密码password
  stream_authentication username:password
  # Restrict stream connections to localhost only (default: on)
  # 改成off允许外网访问视频
  stream_localhost off
  # TCP/IP port for the http server to listen on (default: 0 = disabled)
  # WEB控制台监听的端口，默认8080
  webcontrol_port 1000
  # 改成off允许外网访问web控制台
  webcontrol_localhost off
  

  • 必须要修改的有：daemon on、webcontrol_localhost off。默认配置可能有明显卡顿，这时自行调参数即可。最后效果可以十分流畅。
  • 使用sudo motion命令可以开启motion
  • 使用sudo killall -TERM motion可以关闭motion
• 检验
  • sudo motion后，在浏览器输入ip:你设定的端口号（默认8081） 即可查看实时监控。如：192.168.137.30:8081。
  • 注意：此时只能在内网访问。

二、通过ssh反向代理树莓派实现公网远程视频监控

• 树莓派上
  • ssh -CqTfnN -R 0.0.0.0:12345:localhost:8081 ubuntu@yourserver（test.server是云服务器的域名或者ip）
  • 这样就建立了一个本地pi的8081端口到yourserver的12345端口的连接，之后yourserver就可以利用这个端口和pi通信了。
• 服务器上
  • ssh -fCNL "*:12345:localhost:12346" ubuntu@yourserver
  • 建立一个12346端口监听别的客户机的请求，当12346端口收到数据时候把数据转给12345端口，然后12345端口与树莓派的8081端口连接，实现了“代理”的效果。当浏览器访问云服务器的12346端口时，相当于访问树莓派的8081端口，从而实现了公网的实时监控。
  • 利用这种ssh反向代理的方法也可以实现公网远程控制树莓派。
• 检验
  • 树莓派开启motion后，在浏览器输入服务器ip:服务器设置的监听端口（本例为12346）即可看到motion的视频。
  • 注意：由于网速的限制，视频可能有卡顿。此时修改motion配置，降低大小、帧率、画质等可以消除卡顿。