boost::xml——基本操作以及中文乱码解决方案

下面是本人使用boost库的xml部分的基础操作，并且解决对于大家使用boost库读写中文xml内容出现的乱码问题。

1.实现boost库xml基本操作
2.解决boost对xml中中文乱码问题
3.实现普通字符串和宽字符串的傻瓜切换（模仿tchar.h）
4.代码运行环境为VS2010，需要导入boost库才能正常运行
5.VS2010运行时可能会发生错误。例如：cl.exe 或者 cvtres.exe 报错。 解决办法就是重新打开项目或者切换其它正常项目运行一下（反正我是这么解决的）

下面是源码部分。

注：为了说明问题使用一个cpp文件完成所有操作。

 /*实现单字节和宽字节的自动转换*/

 //note_1: G prefix is global meaning
 //note_2: template<typename type> ,type only support tstring, can't support int and so on.
 //note_3: In VS2010 update1, it maybe encounter bug for VS2010 self. example: "error MSB6006: CL.exe" or "LINK : fatal error LNK1158: cvtres.exe", solution is reopen project
 //note_4: switch std::string and std::wstring in use macro CHINESE_CHARSET. The major solution is chinese unreadable code with xml file

 //Windows API
 //#include <tchar.h>
 //#include <wchar.h>

 //C++ standard template library
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <exception>
 #include <map>

 //third library head files
 #include <boost/property_tree/ptree.hpp>
 #include <boost/property_tree/xml_parser.hpp>
 #include <boost/program_options/detail/convert.hpp>
 #include <boost/program_options/detail/utf8_codecvt_facet.hpp>
 #include <boost/foreach.hpp>

 using namespace std;
 using namespace boost;
 using namespace boost::property_tree;

 #define CHINESE_CHARSET //控制处理宽字符还是单字节字符，其中宽字符可以对中文进行支持

 #ifdef CHINESE_CHARSET
 #define tptree boost::property_tree::wptree
 #define tstring std::wstring
 #define _USERT(x) L ## x
 #else
 #define tptree boost::property_tree::ptree
 #define tstring std::string
 #define _USERT(x) x
 #endif

 bool LoadXML(tptree &o_pt, const string i_strFileName)
 {
     //set locale
 #ifdef CHINESE_CHARSET
     std::locale current_locale(locale(""), new boost::program_options::detail::utf8_codecvt_facet());
 #else
     std::locale current_locale;
 #endif

     //read xml
     try
     {
         boost::property_tree::read_xml(i_strFileName, o_pt, boost::property_tree::xml_parser::trim_whitespace, current_locale);
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false;
     }

     return true;
 }

 bool SaveXML(const tptree &i_pt, const string i_strFileName)
 {
     //set locale
 #ifdef CHINESE_CHARSET
     std::locale current_locale(locale(""), new boost::program_options::detail::utf8_codecvt_facet());
     boost::property_tree::xml_parser::xml_writer_settings<wchar_t> settings(L'\t', , L"utf-8");
 #else
     std::locale current_locale;
     boost::property_tree::xml_parser::xml_writer_settings<char> settings('\t', , "utf-8");
 #endif

     try
     {
         boost::property_tree::write_xml(i_strFileName, i_pt, current_locale, settings);
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false;
     }

     return true;
 }

 //是否存在直接子节点或者属性，返回-1：出现错误；返回0：没有子节点或者属性；返回1：有属性或者有子节点
 int IsExistChildNode(const tptree &i_pt, const tstring i_strNodePath)
 {
     try
     {
         const tptree pt = i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath);
         if (pt.empty())
         {
             return ; //no child
         }
         else
         {
             return ; //have child or attribute
         }
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return -; //error: exception
     }

     return -;
 }

 //查看是否有子节点或者属性，如果没有则返回false，如果有则返回true
 //通过o_nChildNodeCount和o_nChildNodeAttributeCount返回数目
 //通过o_bChildNodeOrAttribute判断是直接子节点还是属性：true直接子节点；false属性
 bool IsChildNodeOrAttr(const tptree &i_pt
     , const tstring i_strNodePath
     , bool &o_bChildNodeOrAttribute
     , int &o_nChildNodeCount //直接子节点数目
     , int &o_nChildNodeAttributeCount) //直接子节点属性数目
 {
     o_bChildNodeOrAttribute = false; //initialize
     o_nChildNodeCount = ; //initialize child node count
     o_nChildNodeAttributeCount = ; //initialize attribute count

     tstring l_strChildNode; //local object
     tstring l_strXmlAttr(_USERT("<xmlattr>")); //with l_strChildNode
     tstring l_strAttrPath(_USERT(".<xmlattr>")); //mark <xmlattr>
     bool l_bflag = true; //valve

     try
     {
         int l_bExistChildNode = IsExistChildNode(i_pt, i_strNodePath);
         if (==l_bExistChildNode)
         {
             return false; //no child node or attribute
         }
         BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &v, i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath))
         {
             l_strChildNode = v.first.data();
             if (l_strChildNode==l_strXmlAttr && true==l_bflag)
             {
                 BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &v, i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath+l_strAttrPath))
                 {
                     ++o_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
                     o_bChildNodeOrAttribute = false; //is attribute
                 }
                 l_bflag = false;
             }
             else
             {
                 ++o_nChildNodeCount;
                 o_bChildNodeOrAttribute = true; //is child node
             }
         }
         return true;
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //返回获取直接子节点是否完成：false：获取失败；true：获取成功
 //获取的直接子节点保存在o_mapChildNode容器中
 //注意：使用前请先确认是否有直接子节点，可以调用IsChildNodeOrAttr查看o_bChildNodeOrAttribute
 template<typename type> bool GetChildNodes(const tptree &i_pt, const tstring i_strNodePath, multimap<tstring, type> &o_mmapChildNodes)
 {
     tstring l_strChildNode;
     tstring l_strXmlAttr(_USERT("<xmlattr>")); //with l_strChildNode
     type l_tpChildNodeValue;

     try
     {
         int l_bExistChildNode = IsExistChildNode(i_pt, i_strNodePath);
         if (==l_bExistChildNode)
         {
             return false; //no child node or attribute
         }
         BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &v, i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath))
         {
             l_strChildNode = v.first.data();
             l_tpChildNodeValue = v.second.get_value<type>();
             if (!=l_strChildNode.compare(l_strXmlAttr))
             {
                 o_mmapChildNodes.insert(pair<tstring, type>(l_strChildNode, l_tpChildNodeValue));
             }
             else
             {
                 throw runtime_error("This node include with attribute.\nPlease call IsChildNodeOrAttr function before.");
             }
         }
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //返回获取当前节点属性是否完成：false：获取失败；true：获取成功
 //获取的当前节点属性保存在o_mapCurrentNodeAttrs容器中
 //注意：使用前请先确认当前节点是否有属性，可以调用IsChildNodeOrAttr查看o_bChildNodeOrAttribute
 template<typename type> bool GetCurrentNodeAttrs(const tptree &i_pt, const tstring i_strNodePath, map<tstring, type> &o_mapCurrentNodeAttrs)
 {
     tstring l_strChildNodeAttr;
     tstring l_strXmlAttr(_USERT("<xmlattr>")); //with l_strChildNode
     tstring l_strAttrPath(_USERT(".<xmlattr>")); //mark <xmlattr>
     type l_tpChildNodeAttrValue;

     try
     {
         int l_bExistChildNode = IsExistChildNode(i_pt, i_strNodePath);
         if (==l_bExistChildNode)
         {
             return false; //no child node or attribute
         }
         if (l_strXmlAttr==i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath).begin()->first.data())
         {
             BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &v, i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath+l_strAttrPath))
             {
                 l_strChildNodeAttr = v.first.data();
                 l_tpChildNodeAttrValue = v.second.get_value<type>();
                 o_mapCurrentNodeAttrs.insert(pair<tstring, type>(l_strChildNodeAttr, l_tpChildNodeAttrValue));
             }
             return true;
         }
         else
         {
             throw runtime_error("This node exclude with attribute.\nPlease call IsChildNodeOrAttr function before.");
         }
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //返回获取当前节点的直接子节点属性是否完成：false：获取失败；true：获取成功
 //获取的当前节点的直接子节点属性保存在o_mapChildNodesAttr容器中
 //注意：使用前请先确认当前节点的直接子节点是否有属性，可以调用IsChildNodeOrAttr查看o_bChildNodeOrAttribute
 //注意：本功能只应用在当前节点的多个直接子节点具有相同节点名的情况，对于多个直接子节点具有不同节点名情况不适用
 template<typename type> bool GetChildNodesAttrs(const tptree &i_pt, const tstring i_strNodePath, multimap<tstring, map<tstring, type>> &o_mmapChildNodesAttrs)
 {
     tstring l_strChildNode;
     tstring l_strChildNodeAttr;
     type l_tpChildNodeAttrValue;
     tstring l_strXmlAttr(_USERT("<xmlattr>")); //with l_strChildNode
     tstring l_strAttrPath(_USERT(".<xmlattr>")); //mark <xmlattr>

     try
     {
         int l_bExistChildNode = IsExistChildNode(i_pt, i_strNodePath); //check child node
         if (==l_bExistChildNode)
         {
             return false; //no child node
         }

         //tstring l_strChildNode = i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath).begin()->first.data();
         tstring l_strChildNode = i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath).front().first.data();
         tstring l_strChildNodeAttrPath = i_strNodePath+_USERT(".")+l_strChildNode+l_strAttrPath;
         int l_bExistChildNodeAttr = IsExistChildNode(i_pt, l_strChildNodeAttrPath); //check child node attribute
         if (==l_bExistChildNodeAttr)
         {
             return false; //no child node attribute
         }

         BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &v, i_pt.get_child(i_strNodePath))
         {
             map<tstring, type> l_mapChildNodeAttrs;
             l_strChildNode = v.first.data();
             BOOST_FOREACH (const tptree::value_type &subv, v.second.get_child(l_strXmlAttr))
             {
                 l_strChildNodeAttr = subv.first.data();
                 l_tpChildNodeAttrValue = subv.second.get_value<type>();
                 l_mapChildNodeAttrs.insert(pair<tstring, type>(l_strChildNodeAttr, l_tpChildNodeAttrValue));
             }
             o_mmapChildNodesAttrs.insert(pair<tstring, map<tstring, type>>(l_strChildNode, l_mapChildNodeAttrs));
         }
         return true;
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //提供指向指定节点的可读写迭代器io_iter，使用i_strNodeValue修改指定节点的值
 bool SetCurrentNodeValue(tptree::iterator io_iter, const tstring i_strNodeValue)
 {
     try
     {
         io_iter->second.put_value<tstring>(i_strNodeValue);
         return true;
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //提供指向指定节点属性的可读写迭代器io_iter，使用i_strNodeAttrValue修改指定节点的值
 bool SetCurrentNodeAttrValue(tptree::iterator io_iter, const tstring i_strNodeAttrValue)
 {
     try
     {
         io_iter->second.put_value<tstring>(i_strNodeAttrValue);
         return true;
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //提供指向指定节点的迭代器io_iter，将该节点删除
 //节点io_pt就是迭代器io_iter指定的节点本身
 //注：也可以删除节点属性，删除属性请使用<xmlattr>
 bool DelCurrentNode(tptree &io_pt, tptree::iterator i_iter)
 {
     try
     {
         io_pt.erase(i_iter);
         return true;
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return false; //error: exception
     }

     return false;
 }

 //当前节点io_pt
 //将该节点以及所有具有相同节点名字节点删除
 //注：也可以删除节点属性，删除属性请使用<xmlattr>
 tptree::size_type DelCurrentNodes(tptree &io_pt, const tstring &i_strChildNode)
 {
     try
     {
         return io_pt.erase(i_strChildNode);
     }
     catch (const std::exception &e)
     {
         cout << "Error:" << typeid(e).name() << ": ";
         cout << e.what() << endl;
         return -; //error: exception
     }

     return -;
 }

 void main()
 {
     //test code
     string l_strFileName1("F:\\Desktop\\20140411\\测试\\testxml.xml");
     string l_strFileName2("F:\\Desktop\\20140411\\测试\\testxml2.xml");
     tptree pt;
     bool f = LoadXML(pt, l_strFileName1);

     //测试IsExistChildNode函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person.<xmlattr>.id"));
     //int l_nState1 = IsExistChildNode(pt, l_strNodePath);

     //测试IsExistChildNode函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person")); //有直接子节点或者属性
     //int l_nState2 = IsExistChildNode(pt, l_strNodePath);

     //测试IsChildNodeOrAttr函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f3 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);

     //测试IsChildNodeOrAttr函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f3 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);

     //测试GetChildNodes函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f4 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);
     //bool f5;
     //multimap<tstring, tstring> l_mapChildNodes;
     //if (l_bChildNodeOrAttribute)
     //{
     //    f5 = GetChildNodes<tstring>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mapChildNodes);
     //}

     //测试GetChildNodes函数
     //typ==int error
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f4 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);
     //bool f5;
     //multimap<tstring, int> l_mapChildNodes;
     //if (l_bChildNodeOrAttribute)
     //{
     //    f5 = GetChildNodes<int>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mapChildNodes);
     //}

     //测试GetChildNodes函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f4 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);
     //bool f5;
     //multimap<tstring, tstring> l_mapChildNodes;
     //if (l_bChildNodeOrAttribute)
     //{
     //    f5 = GetChildNodes<tstring>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mapChildNodes);
     //}

     //测试GetCurrentNodeAttrs函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person"));
     //multimap<tstring, tstring> l_mapChildNodes;
     //bool f5 = GetChildNodes<tstring>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mapChildNodes);

     //测试GetCurrentNodeAttrs函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person"));
     //bool l_bChildNodeOrAttribute;
     //int l_nChildNodeCount;
     //int l_nChildNodeAttributeCount;
     //bool f4 = IsChildNodeOrAttr(pt, l_strNodePath, l_bChildNodeOrAttribute, l_nChildNodeCount, l_nChildNodeAttributeCount);
     //bool f5;
     //map<tstring, tstring> l_mapChildNodeAttrs;
     //if (!l_bChildNodeOrAttribute)
     //{
     //    f5 = GetCurrentNodeAttrs<tstring>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mapChildNodeAttrs);
     //}

     //测试GetChildNodesAttrs函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //bool f5;
     ////map<tstring, tstring> l_mapChildNodeAttrs;
     //multimap<tstring, map<tstring, tstring>> l_mmapChildNodesAttrs;
     //f5 = GetChildNodesAttrs<tstring>(pt, l_strNodePath, l_mmapChildNodesAttrs);

     //测试SetCurrentNodeValue函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //tptree::iterator iter= pt.get_child(l_strNodePath).begin();
     //tstring l_strNodeValue = _USERT("testvalue");
     //bool f6 = SetCurrentNodeValue(iter, l_strNodeValue);

     //测试SetCurrentNodeAttrValue函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person.<xmlattr>"));
     //tptree::iterator iter= pt.get_child(l_strNodePath).begin();
     //tstring l_strNodeValue = _USERT("testvalue");
     //bool f6 = SetCurrentNodeAttrValue(iter, l_strNodeValue);

     //测试DelCurrentNode函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //tptree &childpt = pt.get_child(l_strNodePath);
     //tptree::iterator iter = childpt.begin();
     //bool f6 = DelCurrentNode(childpt, ++iter);

     //测试DelCurrentNode函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person.<xmlattr>"));
     //tptree &childpt = pt.get_child(l_strNodePath);
     //tptree::iterator iter = childpt.begin();
     //bool f6 = DelCurrentNode(childpt, ++iter);

     //测试DelCurrentNodes函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info"));
     //tptree &childpt = pt.get_child(l_strNodePath);
     //tptree::key_type kt = childpt.begin()->first;
     //tptree::size_type st6 = DelCurrentNodes(childpt, kt);

     //测试DelCurrentNodes函数
     //tstring l_strNodePath(_USERT("config.departments.department.info.person.<xmlattr>"));
     //tptree &childpt = pt.get_child(l_strNodePath);
     //tptree::key_type kt = childpt.begin()->first;
     //tptree::size_type st6 = DelCurrentNodes(childpt, kt);

     //bool f2 = SaveXML(pt, l_strFileName2);

     cout << endl;
 }

testxml.xml测试文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <config>
   <mainformsize height="600" width="330" top="50" left="500"/>
   <applicationtitle>GoCom统一通讯应用平台</applicationtitle>
   <loginmark>
       <fontsize>14</fontsize>
       <fontcolor>$0000ff</fontcolor>
       <lantern>true</lantern>
       <clientversion>5.3.5.17</clientversion>
       <serverip>imbs1.smartdot.com.cn</serverip>
   </loginmark>
   <departments>
       <department>
           <name>donghe</name>
           <level>2</level>
           <personcount>3</personcount>
           <info>
               <person id="1_1_1" name="王慧敏"/>
               <person id="1_1_2" name="刘东升"/>
               <person id="1_1_3" name="张智卓"/>
           </info>
       </department>
       <department>
           <name>boyun</name>
           <level>2</level>
           <personcount>3</personcount>
           <info>
               <person id="1_2_1" name="朗朗"/>
               <person id="1_2_2" name="隋国龙"/>
           </info>
       </department>
   </departments>
 </config>

注：代码可以正常运行在VS2010环境下，先下载安装boost库并添加到项目中，代码才能正常运行。​