转://对于11gR2的集群relink

对于11gR2的集群relink
参考MOS：
Do I need to relink the Oracle Clusterware / Grid Infrastructure home after an OS upgrade?”RAC: Frequently Asked Questions [ID 220970.1]
我们在对111gR2的RAC的操作系统进行内核升级或者系统升级后，我们一般建议对集群和rdbms进行一次relink
因为对于Oracle Grid Infrastructure(GI) 11.2 及之后的版本，在GRID HOME中有一些binary需要在OS升级或者打补丁后被relink。
当然，如果10g的CRS能够被relink最好也做一下，但是似乎10gR2 的crs没有relink的相关命令，倒是CRS 中的client shared libraries可以被relink
参考：
 Will an Operating System Upgrade Affect Oracle Clusterware? [ID 743649.1]

下面提供11gR2 RAC在进行操作系统升级或者内核升级后如何进行relink：
1. 停止当前节点上的所有数据库实例
$su - oracle
$srvctl stop instance -d orcl -i orcl1 -o immediate

2. 切换当前节点的service到其余正常节点，确保业务高可用。
$ srvctl status service -d orcl

3. 用root用户执行<GRID_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock来修改相应目录权限并停止GI：
[root@s1-11g ~]# cd /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install
[root@s1-11g install]# perl rootcrs.pl -unlock
Using configuration parameter file: ./crsconfig_params
CRS-2791: Starting shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2790: Starting shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.s2-11g.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.oc4j‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.cvu‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.s2-11g.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.scan1.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.scan1.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.oc4j‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.cvu‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.LISTENER.lsnr‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.OCRVOTE.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.orcl.db‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.LISTENER.lsnr‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.s1-11g.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.s1-11g.vip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.OCRVOTE.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.orcl.db‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.DATA.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.ARCH.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.DATA.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.ARCH.dg‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.ons‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.ons‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.net1.network‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.net1.network‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2792: Shutdown of Cluster Ready Services-managed resources on ‘s1-11g‘ has completed
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.crsd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.mdnsd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.crf‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.ctssd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.evmd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.mdnsd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.crf‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.evmd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.ctssd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.asm‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.cluster_interconnect.haip‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.cssd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.cssd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.gipcd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.gipcd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2673: Attempting to stop ‘ora.gpnpd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘
CRS-2677: Stop of ‘ora.gpnpd‘ on ‘s1-11g‘ succeeded
CRS-2793: Shutdown of Oracle High Availability Services-managed resources on ‘s1-11g‘ has completed
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped.
Successfully unlock /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid

注意，如果在$GRID_HOME/rdbms/audit下面的audit文件很多，会导致rootcrs.pl执行很长时间，这样的话可以将$GRID_HOME/rdbms/audit/*.aud 文件备份到GRID_HOME之外，然后删除。

4. 禁止GI在OS重启后自动启动，这是因为升级OS或者打OS补丁后，可能需要重启主机，这样的话，需要在relink之前禁止GI启动。
用root用户：
[root@s1-11g install]# crsctl disable crs
CRS-4621: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is disabled.

5. 备份GI和RDBMS的ORACLE_HOME。作为一个DBA，备份是最重要的，当你出现不可逆的错误后，回退备份是你最终极的解决方案。

6. 升级OS内核或者给OS打补丁，包括重启主机等（如果需要）。

7. 用GI的属主用户来对GI binary进行relink：

[root@s1-11g audit]# su - grid
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid 
确保GI是停止的，然后再执行relink：
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ ps -ef|grep d.bin
grid      3408  3360  0 17:09 pts/0    00:00:00 grep d.bin
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services
CRS-4000: Command Status failed, or completed with errors.
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink
writing relink log to: /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/install/relink.log
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ <===relink结束后，并不会有任何信息提示，只是显示命令提示符。
需要检查/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/install/relink.log， 查看是否有错误。

8. 用RDBMS的属主对数据库binary做relink:
su - oracle
确保$ORACLE_HOME设置为了数据库的ORACLE_HOME，然后执行：
[oracle@s1-11g ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/relink all
writing relink log to: /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log
<===relink结束后，并不会有任何信息提示，只是显示命令提示符。
需要检查/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log， 查看是否有错误。

9. 用root用户执行<GRID_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -patch来修改相应目录权限并启动GI:

[root@s1-11g ~]# cd /oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install
[root@s1-11g install]# perl rootcrs.pl -patch
Using configuration parameter file: ./crsconfig_params
CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started.

10. Enable CRS来保证主机重启后可以自动启动GI：
[root@s1-11g install]# crsctl enable crs
CRS-4622: Oracle High Availability Services autostart is enabled.

11. 确认所有的应启动的资源都已启动：
[root@s1-11g install]#  crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME           TARGET  STATE        SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS       
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.OCRVOTE.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.ARCH.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                     Started             
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                     Started             
ora.gsd
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      s1-11g                                         
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      s2-11g                                         
ora.net1.network
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.ons
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
               ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.cvu
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.oc4j
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.s1-11g.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s1-11g                                         
ora.s2-11g.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                                         
ora.orcl.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g                     Open                
      2        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               Instance Shutdown   
ora.scan1.vip
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       s2-11g

如果发现实例没有启动，可以手工启动：
$srvctl start instance -d orcl -i orcl1

12. 可以用下面的MOS文档中的方法来确认oracle 的binary是RAC的：
How to Check Whether Oracle Binary/Instance is RAC Enabled and Relink Oracle Binary in RAC [ID 284785.1]
方法1：如果下面的命令能查出kcsm.o ，说明binary是RAC的：
su - oracle
$ar -t $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a|grep kcsm.o
kcsm.o 
在AIX上命令是不同的：
 ar -X32_64 -t $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/libknlopt.a|grep kcsm.o
方法2：查看RAC特有的后台进程是否存在，比如：
[grid@s1-11g ~]$ ps -ef|grep lmon
grid      7732     1  0 17:59 ?        00:00:17 asm_lmon_+ASM1
oracle   18605     1  0 20:49 ?        00:00:00 ora_lmon_ORCL1 <===========
grid     20992 10160  0 21:10 pts/2    00:00:00 grep lmon

上面的所有步骤需要在集群的各个节点上依次执行。
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原博客地址：http://blog.itpub.net/23732248/
原作者：应以峰 (frank-ying)
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