Android 高手进阶（21） 

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转载请注明出处http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/9825113

异步加载图片的例子，网上也比较多，大部分用了HashMap<String, SoftReference<Drawable>> imageCache ，但是现在已经不再推荐使用这种方式了，因为从 Android 2.3 (API Level 9)开始，垃圾回收器会更倾向于回收持有软引用或弱引用的对象，这让软引用和弱引用变得不再可靠。另外，Android 3.0 (API Level 11)中，图片的数据会存储在本地的内存当中，因而无法用一种可预见的方式将其释放，这就有潜在的风险造成应用程序的内存溢出并崩溃，所以我这里用得是LruCache来缓存图片，当存储Image的大小大于LruCache设定的值，系统自动释放内存，这个类是3.1版本中提供的，如果你是在更早的Android版本中开发，则需要导入android-support-v4的jar包（这里要注意咯）

为什么写这篇文章呢？

因为我之前做的项目中，也有异步加载图片，那时候用得是Thread去下载图片，每次下载图片都要new Thread去下载，而且还是并发去下载，每次都new 一个线程浪费内存，老板说服务器承受不起这么多的连接，叫我改成先获取一张图片之后再去获取下一张，这样子保存与服务器的连接为一个，服务器压力小了，然后楼主就想到线程池，线程池很好的帮我们管理并发的问题，并发的问题解决了，可是后面又出问题了，图片多了就出现OOM(OutOfMemory)异常，之后用了SoftReference，先用SoftReference中获取图片，SoftReference没有就开线程去下载，老板说你为什么不把图片在手机上做个缓存呢，于是我用了手机缓存，大概思路就是先从SoftReference中获取图片，如果SoftReference没有就去手机缓存中获取，手机缓存中没有就开启先从去下载，然后成功的解决了OOM的问题，前些天老板要我重构下代码，我也觉得之前写的代码耦合性太强，早就想改，然后之前看到guolin的Android照片墙应用实现，再多的图片也不怕崩溃的这篇文章，LruCache和滑动过程中取消下载任务，停下来的时候才去下载这2点比较好，值得我学习，然后我就将我的项目异步加载这一块改了下，发到这里做个记录吧，以后类似的异步加载图片直接拷贝代码，提交开发的效率

这篇文章做了哪些方面的优化

  1. 使用了线程池来管理下载任务
  2. 使用LruCache来缓存图片
  3. 使用手机来缓存图片
  4. GridView滑动的时候取消下载任务，静止的时候进行下载，GridView滑动更加的流畅
  5. 降低了代码的耦合性，结构更加的清晰，便于以后重用

接下来我们先来看看项目的结构

  • FileUtils 文件操作的工具类，提供保存图片，获取图片，判断图片是否存在，删除图片的一些方法，这个类比较简单
  1. package com.example.asyncimageloader;
  2.  
  3. import java.io.File;
  4. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
  5. import java.io.IOException;
  6.  
  7. import android.content.Context;
  8. import android.graphics.Bitmap;
  9. import android.graphics.Bitmap.CompressFormat;
  10. import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
  11. import android.os.Environment;
  12.  
  13. public class FileUtils {
  14. 	/**
  15. 	 * sd卡的根目录
  16. 	 */
  17. 	private static String mSdRootPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath();
  18. 	/**
  19. 	 * 手机的缓存根目录
  20. 	 */
  21. 	private static String mDataRootPath = null;
  22. 	/**
  23. 	 * 保存Image的目录名
  24. 	 */
  25. 	private final static String FOLDER_NAME = "/AndroidImage";
  26.  
  27. 	public FileUtils(Context context){
  28. 		mDataRootPath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();
  29. 	}
  30.  
  31. 	/**
  32. 	 * 获取储存Image的目录
  33. 	 * @return
  34. 	 */
  35. 	private String getStorageDirectory(){
  36. 		return Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED) ?
  37. 				mSdRootPath + FOLDER_NAME : mDataRootPath + FOLDER_NAME;
  38. 	}
  39.  
  40. 	/**
  41. 	 * 保存Image的方法，有sd卡存储到sd卡，没有就存储到手机目录
  42. 	 * @param fileName
  43. 	 * @param bitmap
  44. 	 * @throws IOException
  45. 	 */
  46. 	public void savaBitmap(String fileName, Bitmap bitmap) throws IOException{
  47. 		if(bitmap == null){
  48. 			return;
  49. 		}
  50. 		String path = getStorageDirectory();
  51. 		File folderFile = new File(path);
  52. 		if(!folderFile.exists()){
  53. 			folderFile.mkdir();
  54. 		}
  55. 		File file = new File(path + File.separator + fileName);
  56. 		file.createNewFile();
  57. 		FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
  58. 		bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);
  59. 		fos.flush();
  60. 		fos.close();
  61. 	}
  62.  
  63. 	/**
  64. 	 * 从手机或者sd卡获取Bitmap
  65. 	 * @param fileName
  66. 	 * @return
  67. 	 */
  68. 	public Bitmap getBitmap(String fileName){
  69. 		return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(getStorageDirectory() + File.separator + fileName);
  70. 	}
  71.  
  72. 	/**
  73. 	 * 判断文件是否存在
  74. 	 * @param fileName
  75. 	 * @return
  76. 	 */
  77. 	public boolean isFileExists(String fileName){
  78. 		return new File(getStorageDirectory() + File.separator + fileName).exists();
  79. 	}
  80.  
  81. 	/**
  82. 	 * 获取文件的大小
  83. 	 * @param fileName
  84. 	 * @return
  85. 	 */
  86. 	public long getFileSize(String fileName) {
  87. 		return new File(getStorageDirectory() + File.separator + fileName).length();
  88. 	}
  89.  
  90. 	/**
  91. 	 * 删除SD卡或者手机的缓存图片和目录
  92. 	 */
  93. 	public void deleteFile() {
  94. 		File dirFile = new File(getStorageDirectory());
  95. 		if(! dirFile.exists()){
  96. 			return;
  97. 		}
  98. 		if (dirFile.isDirectory()) {
  99. 			String[] children = dirFile.list();
  100. 			for (int i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
  101. 				new File(dirFile, children[i]).delete();
  102. 			}
  103. 		}
  104.  
  105. 		dirFile.delete();
  106. 	}
  107. }
  1. package com.example.asyncimageloader;
  2.  
  3. public class Images {
  4.  
  5. 	public final static String[] imageThumbUrls = new String[] {
  6. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-55osAWw3x0Q/URquUtcFr5I/AAAAAAAAAbs/rWlj1RUKrYI/s160-c/A%252520Photographer.jpg",
  7. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/--dq8niRp7W4/URquVgmXvgI/AAAAAAAAAbs/-gnuLQfNnBA/s160-c/A%252520Song%252520of%252520Ice%252520and%252520Fire.jpg",
  8. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-7qZeDtRKFKc/URquWZT1gOI/AAAAAAAAAbs/hqWgteyNXsg/s160-c/Another%252520Rockaway%252520Sunset.jpg",
  9. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/--L0Km39l5J8/URquXHGcdNI/AAAAAAAAAbs/3ZrSJNrSomQ/s160-c/Antelope%252520Butte.jpg",
  10. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-8HO-4vIFnlw/URquZnsFgtI/AAAAAAAAAbs/WT8jViTF7vw/s160-c/Antelope%252520Hallway.jpg",
  11. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-WIuWgVcU3Qw/URqubRVcj4I/AAAAAAAAAbs/YvbwgGjwdIQ/s160-c/Antelope%252520Walls.jpg",
  12. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-UBmLbPELvoQ/URqucCdv0kI/AAAAAAAAAbs/IdNhr2VQoQs/s160-c/Apre%2525CC%252580s%252520la%252520Pluie.jpg",
  13. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-s-AFpvgSeew/URquc6dF-JI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Mt3xNGRUd68/s160-c/Backlit%252520Cloud.jpg",
  14. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-bvmif9a9YOQ/URquea3heHI/AAAAAAAAAbs/rcr6wyeQtAo/s160-c/Bee%252520and%252520Flower.jpg",
  15. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-n7mdm7I7FGs/URqueT_BT-I/AAAAAAAAAbs/9MYmXlmpSAo/s160-c/Bonzai%252520Rock%252520Sunset.jpg",
  16. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-4CN4X4t0M1k/URqufPozWzI/AAAAAAAAAbs/8wK41lg1KPs/s160-c/Caterpillar.jpg",
  17. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-rrFnVC8xQEg/URqufdrLBaI/AAAAAAAAAbs/s69WYy_fl1E/s160-c/Chess.jpg",
  18. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-WVpRptWH8Yw/URqugh-QmDI/AAAAAAAAAbs/E-MgBgtlUWU/s160-c/Chihuly.jpg",
  19. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-0BDXkYmckbo/URquhKFW84I/AAAAAAAAAbs/ogQtHCTk2JQ/s160-c/Closed%252520Door.jpg",
  20. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-PyggXXZRykM/URquh-kVvoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/hFtDwhtrHHQ/s160-c/Colorado%252520River%252520Sunset.jpg",
  21. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-ZAs4dNZtALc/URquikvOCWI/AAAAAAAAAbs/DXz4h3dll1Y/s160-c/Colors%252520of%252520Autumn.jpg",
  22. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-GztnWEIiMz8/URqukVCU7bI/AAAAAAAAAbs/jo2Hjv6MZ6M/s160-c/Countryside.jpg",
  23. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-bEg9EZ9QoiM/URquklz3FGI/AAAAAAAAAbs/UUuv8Ac2BaE/s160-c/Death%252520Valley%252520-%252520Dunes.jpg",
  24. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-ijQJ8W68tEE/URqulGkvFEI/AAAAAAAAAbs/zPXvIwi_rFw/s160-c/Delicate%252520Arch.jpg",
  25. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-Oh8mMy2ieng/URqullDwehI/AAAAAAAAAbs/TbdeEfsaIZY/s160-c/Despair.jpg",
  26. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-gl0y4UiAOlk/URqumC_KjBI/AAAAAAAAAbs/PM1eT7dn4oo/s160-c/Eagle%252520Fall%252520Sunrise.jpg",
  27. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-hYYHd2_vXPQ/URqumtJa9eI/AAAAAAAAAbs/wAalXVkbSh0/s160-c/Electric%252520Storm.jpg",
  28. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-PyY_yiyjPTo/URqunUOhHFI/AAAAAAAAAbs/azZoULNuJXc/s160-c/False%252520Kiva.jpg",
  29. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-PYvLVdvXywk/URqunwd8hfI/AAAAAAAAAbs/qiMwgkFvf6I/s160-c/Fitzgerald%252520Streaks.jpg",
  30. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-KIR_UobIIqY/URquoCZ9SlI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Y4d4q8sXu4c/s160-c/Foggy%252520Sunset.jpg",
  31. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-9lzOk_OWZH0/URquoo4xYoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/AwgzHtNVCwU/s160-c/Frantic.jpg",
  32. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-0X3JNaKaz48/URqupH78wpI/AAAAAAAAAbs/lHXxu_zbH8s/s160-c/Golden%252520Gate%252520Afternoon.jpg",
  33. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-95sb5ag7ABc/URqupl95RDI/AAAAAAAAAbs/g73R20iVTRA/s160-c/Golden%252520Gate%252520Fog.jpg",
  34. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-JB9v6rtgHhk/URqup21F-zI/AAAAAAAAAbs/64Fb8qMZWXk/s160-c/Golden%252520Grass.jpg",
  35. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-EIBGfnuLtII/URquqVHwaRI/AAAAAAAAAbs/FA4McV2u8VE/s160-c/Grand%252520Teton.jpg",
  36. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-WoMxZvmN9nY/URquq1v2AoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/grj5uMhL6NA/s160-c/Grass%252520Closeup.jpg",
  37. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-6hZiEHXx64Q/URqurxvNdqI/AAAAAAAAAbs/kWMXM3o5OVI/s160-c/Green%252520Grass.jpg",
  38. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-6LVb9OXtQ60/URquteBFuKI/AAAAAAAAAbs/4F4kRgecwFs/s160-c/Hanging%252520Leaf.jpg",
  39. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-zAvf__52ONk/URqutT_IuxI/AAAAAAAAAbs/D_bcuc0thoU/s160-c/Highway%2525201.jpg",
  40. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-H4SrUg615rA/URquuL27fXI/AAAAAAAAAbs/4aEqJfiMsOU/s160-c/Horseshoe%252520Bend%252520Sunset.jpg",
  41. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-JhFi4fb_Pqw/URquuX-QXbI/AAAAAAAAAbs/IXpYUxuweYM/s160-c/Horseshoe%252520Bend.jpg",
  42. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-UGgssvFRJ7g/URquueyJzGI/AAAAAAAAAbs/yYIBlLT0toM/s160-c/Into%252520the%252520Blue.jpg",
  43. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-CH7KoupI7uI/URquu0FF__I/AAAAAAAAAbs/R7GDmI7v_G0/s160-c/Jelly%252520Fish%2525202.jpg",
  44. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-pwuuw6yhg8U/URquvPxR3FI/AAAAAAAAAbs/VNGk6f-tsGE/s160-c/Jelly%252520Fish%2525203.jpg",
  45. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-GoUQVw1fnFw/URquv6xbC0I/AAAAAAAAAbs/zEUVTQQ43Zc/s160-c/Kauai.jpg",
  46. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-8QdYYQEpYjw/URquwvdh88I/AAAAAAAAAbs/cktDy-ysfHo/s160-c/Kyoto%252520Sunset.jpg",
  47. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-vPeekyDjOE0/URquwzJ28qI/AAAAAAAAAbs/qxcyXULsZrg/s160-c/Lake%252520Tahoe%252520Colors.jpg",
  48. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-xBPxWpD4yxU/URquxWHk8AI/AAAAAAAAAbs/ARDPeDYPiMY/s160-c/Lava%252520from%252520the%252520Sky.jpg",
  49. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-897VXrJB6RE/URquxxxd-5I/AAAAAAAAAbs/j-Cz4T4YvIw/s160-c/Leica%25252050mm%252520Summilux.jpg",
  50. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-qSJ4D4iXzGo/URquyDWiJ1I/AAAAAAAAAbs/k2pBXeWehOA/s160-c/Leica%25252050mm%252520Summilux.jpg",
  51. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-dwlPg83vzLg/URquylTVuFI/AAAAAAAAAbs/G6SyQ8b4YsI/s160-c/Leica%252520M8%252520%252528Front%252529.jpg",
  52. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-R3_EYAyJvfk/URquzQBv8eI/AAAAAAAAAbs/b9xhpUM3pEI/s160-c/Light%252520to%252520Sand.jpg",
  53. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-fHY5h67QPi0/URqu0Cp4J1I/AAAAAAAAAbs/0lG6m94Z6vM/s160-c/Little%252520Bit%252520of%252520Paradise.jpg",
  54. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-TzF_LwrCnRM/URqu0RddPOI/AAAAAAAAAbs/gaj2dLiuX0s/s160-c/Lone%252520Pine%252520Sunset.jpg",
  55. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-4HdpJ4_DXU4/URqu046dJ9I/AAAAAAAAAbs/eBOodtk2_uk/s160-c/Lonely%252520Rock.jpg",
  56. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-erbF--z-W4s/URqu1ajSLkI/AAAAAAAAAbs/xjDCDO1INzM/s160-c/Longue%252520Vue.jpg",
  57. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-0CXJRdJaqvc/URqu1opNZNI/AAAAAAAAAbs/PFB2oPUU7Lk/s160-c/Look%252520Me%252520in%252520the%252520Eye.jpg",
  58. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-D_5lNxnDN6g/URqu2Tk7HVI/AAAAAAAAAbs/p0ddca9W__Y/s160-c/Lost%252520in%252520a%252520Field.jpg",
  59. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-flsqwMrIk2Q/URqu24PcmjI/AAAAAAAAAbs/5ocIH85XofM/s160-c/Marshall%252520Beach%252520Sunset.jpg",
  60. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-Y4lgryEVTmU/URqu28kG3gI/AAAAAAAAAbs/OjXpekqtbJ4/s160-c/Mono%252520Lake%252520Blue.jpg",
  61. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-AaHAJPmcGYA/URqu3PIldHI/AAAAAAAAAbs/lcTqk1SIcRs/s160-c/Monument%252520Valley%252520Overlook.jpg",
  62. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-vKxfdQ83dQA/URqu31Yq_BI/AAAAAAAAAbs/OUoGk_2AyfM/s160-c/Moving%252520Rock.jpg",
  63. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-CG62QiPpWXg/URqu4ia4vRI/AAAAAAAAAbs/0YOdqLAlcAc/s160-c/Napali%252520Coast.jpg",
  64. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-wdGrP5PMmJQ/URqu5PZvn7I/AAAAAAAAAbs/m0abEcdPXe4/s160-c/One%252520Wheel.jpg",
  65. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-6WS5DoCGuOA/URqu5qx1UgI/AAAAAAAAAbs/giMw2ixPvrY/s160-c/Open%252520Sky.jpg",
  66. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-u8EHKj8G8GQ/URqu55sM6yI/AAAAAAAAAbs/lIXX_GlTdmI/s160-c/Orange%252520Sunset.jpg",
  67. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-74Z5qj4bTDE/URqu6LSrJrI/AAAAAAAAAbs/XzmVkw90szQ/s160-c/Orchid.jpg",
  68. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-lEQE4h6TePE/URqu6t_lSkI/AAAAAAAAAbs/zvGYKOea_qY/s160-c/Over%252520there.jpg",
  69. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-cauH-53JH2M/URqu66v_USI/AAAAAAAAAbs/EucwwqclfKQ/s160-c/Plumes.jpg",
  70. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-eDLT2jHDoy4/URqu7axzkAI/AAAAAAAAAbs/iVZE-xJ7lZs/s160-c/Rainbokeh.jpg",
  71. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-j1NLqEFIyco/URqu8L1CGcI/AAAAAAAAAbs/aqZkgX66zlI/s160-c/Rainbow.jpg",
  72. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-DRnqmK0t4VU/URqu8XYN9yI/AAAAAAAAAbs/LgvF_592WLU/s160-c/Rice%252520Fields.jpg",
  73. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-hwh1v3EOGcQ/URqu8qOaKwI/AAAAAAAAAbs/IljRJRnbJGw/s160-c/Rockaway%252520Fire%252520Sky.jpg",
  74. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-wjV6FQk7tlk/URqu9jCQ8sI/AAAAAAAAAbs/RyYUpdo-c9o/s160-c/Rockaway%252520Flow.jpg",
  75. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-6cAXNfo7D20/URqu-BdzgPI/AAAAAAAAAbs/OmsYllzJqwo/s160-c/Rockaway%252520Sunset%252520Sky.jpg",
  76. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-sl8fpGPS-RE/URqu_BOkfgI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Dg2Fv-JxOeg/s160-c/Russian%252520Ridge%252520Sunset.jpg",
  77. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-gVtY36mMBIg/URqu_q91lkI/AAAAAAAAAbs/3CiFMBcy5MA/s160-c/Rust%252520Knot.jpg",
  78. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-GHeImuHqJBE/URqu_FKfVLI/AAAAAAAAAbs/axuEJeqam7Q/s160-c/Sailing%252520Stones.jpg",
  79. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-hBbYZjTOwGc/URqu_ycpIrI/AAAAAAAAAbs/nAdJUXnGJYE/s160-c/Seahorse.jpg",
  80. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-Iwi6-i6IexY/URqvAYZHsVI/AAAAAAAAAbs/5ETWl4qXsFE/s160-c/Shinjuku%252520Street.jpg",
  81. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-amhnySTM_MY/URqvAlb5KoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/pFCFgzlKsn0/s160-c/Sierra%252520Heavens.jpg",
  82. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-dJgjepFrYSo/URqvBVJZrAI/AAAAAAAAAbs/v-F5QWpYO6s/s160-c/Sierra%252520Sunset.jpg",
  83. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-Z4zGiC5nWdc/URqvBdEwivI/AAAAAAAAAbs/ZRZR1VJ84QA/s160-c/Sin%252520Lights.jpg",
  84. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-_0cYiWW8ccY/URqvBz3iM4I/AAAAAAAAAbs/9N_Wq8MhLTY/s160-c/Starry%252520Lake.jpg",
  85. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-A9LMoRyuQUA/URqvCYx_JoI/AAAAAAAAAbs/s7sde1Bz9cI/s160-c/Starry%252520Night.jpg",
  86. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-KtLJ3k858eY/URqvC_2h_bI/AAAAAAAAAbs/zzEBImwDA_g/s160-c/Stream.jpg",
  87. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-dFB7Lad6RcA/URqvDUftwWI/AAAAAAAAAbs/BrhoUtXTN7o/s160-c/Strip%252520Sunset.jpg",
  88. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-at6apgFiN20/URqvDyffUZI/AAAAAAAAAbs/clABCx171bE/s160-c/Sunset%252520Hills.jpg",
  89. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-7-EHhtQthII/URqvEYTk4vI/AAAAAAAAAbs/QSJZoB3YjVg/s160-c/Tenaya%252520Lake%2525202.jpg",
  90. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-8MrjV_a-Pok/URqvFC5repI/AAAAAAAAAbs/9inKTg9fbCE/s160-c/Tenaya%252520Lake.jpg",
  91. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-B1HW-z4zwao/URqvFWYRwUI/AAAAAAAAAbs/8Peli53Bs8I/s160-c/The%252520Cave%252520BW.jpg",
  92. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-PO4E-xZKAnQ/URqvGRqjYkI/AAAAAAAAAbs/42nyADFsXag/s160-c/The%252520Fisherman.jpg",
  93. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-iLyZlzfdy7s/URqvG0YScdI/AAAAAAAAAbs/1J9eDKmkXtk/s160-c/The%252520Night%252520is%252520Coming.jpg",
  94. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-G-k7YkkUco0/URqvHhah6fI/AAAAAAAAAbs/_taQQG7t0vo/s160-c/The%252520Road.jpg",
  95. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-h-ALJt7kSus/URqvIThqYfI/AAAAAAAAAbs/ejiv35olWS8/s160-c/Tokyo%252520Heights.jpg",
  96. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-Hy9k-TbS7xg/URqvIjQMOxI/AAAAAAAAAbs/RSpmmOATSkg/s160-c/Tokyo%252520Highway.jpg",
  97. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-83oOvMb4OZs/URqvJL0T7lI/AAAAAAAAAbs/c5TECZ6RONM/s160-c/Tokyo%252520Smog.jpg",
  98. 			"https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-FB-jfgREEfI/URqvJI3EXAI/AAAAAAAAAbs/XfyweiRF4v8/s160-c/Tufa%252520at%252520Night.jpg",
  99. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-vngKD5Z1U8w/URqvJUCEgPI/AAAAAAAAAbs/ulxCMVcU6EU/s160-c/Valley%252520Sunset.jpg",
  100. 			"https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-DOz5I2E2oMQ/URqvKMND1kI/AAAAAAAAAbs/Iqf0IsInleo/s160-c/Windmill%252520Sunrise.jpg",
  101. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-biyiyWcJ9MU/URqvKculiAI/AAAAAAAAAbs/jyPsCplJOpE/s160-c/Windmill.jpg",
  102. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-PDT167_xRdA/URqvK36mLcI/AAAAAAAAAbs/oi2ik9QseMI/s160-c/Windmills.jpg",
  103. 			"https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-kI_QdYx7VlU/URqvLXCB6gI/AAAAAAAAAbs/N31vlZ6u89o/s160-c/Yet%252520Another%252520Rockaway%252520Sunset.jpg",
  104. 			"https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-e9NHZ5k5MSs/URqvMIBZjtI/AAAAAAAAAbs/1fV810rDNfQ/s160-c/Yosemite%252520Tree.jpg", };
  105.  
  106. }
  • ImageDownLoader类，异步下载的核心类，保存图片到手机缓存，将图片加入LruCache中等等
  1. package com.example.asyncimageloader;
  2.  
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  4. import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
  5. import java.net.URL;
  6. import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
  7. import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
  8.  
  9. import android.content.Context;
  10. import android.graphics.Bitmap;
  11. import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
  12. import android.os.Handler;
  13. import android.os.Message;
  14. import android.support.v4.util.LruCache;
  15.  
  16. public class ImageDownLoader {
  17. 	/**
  18. 	 * 缓存Image的类，当存储Image的大小大于LruCache设定的值，系统自动释放内存
  19. 	 */
  20. 	private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
  21. 	/**
  22. 	 * 操作文件相关类对象的引用
  23. 	 */
  24. 	private FileUtils fileUtils;
  25. 	/**
  26. 	 * 下载Image的线程池
  27. 	 */
  28. 	private ExecutorService mImageThreadPool = null;
  29.  
  30. 	public ImageDownLoader(Context context){
  31. 		//获取系统分配给每个应用程序的最大内存，每个应用系统分配32M
  32. 		int maxMemory = (int) Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
  33.         int mCacheSize = maxMemory / 8;
  34.         //给LruCache分配1/8 4M
  35. 		mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(mCacheSize){
  36.  
  37. 			//必须重写此方法，来测量Bitmap的大小
  38. 			@Override
  39. 			protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {
  40. 				return value.getRowBytes() * value.getHeight();
  41. 			}
  42.  
  43. 		};
  44.  
  45. 		fileUtils = new FileUtils(context);
  46. 	}
  47.  
  48. 	/**
  49. 	 * 获取线程池的方法，因为涉及到并发的问题，我们加上同步锁
  50. 	 * @return
  51. 	 */
  52. 	public ExecutorService getThreadPool(){
  53. 		if(mImageThreadPool == null){
  54. 			synchronized(ExecutorService.class){
  55. 				if(mImageThreadPool == null){
  56. 					//为了下载图片更加的流畅，我们用了2个线程来下载图片
  57. 					mImageThreadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
  58. 				}
  59. 			}
  60. 		}
  61.  
  62. 		return mImageThreadPool;
  63.  
  64. 	}
  65.  
  66. 	/**
  67. 	 * 添加Bitmap到内存缓存
  68. 	 * @param key
  69. 	 * @param bitmap
  70. 	 */
  71. 	public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
  72. 	    if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null && bitmap != null) {
  73. 	        mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
  74. 	    }
  75. 	}  
  76.  
  77. 	/**
  78. 	 * 从内存缓存中获取一个Bitmap
  79. 	 * @param key
  80. 	 * @return
  81. 	 */
  82. 	public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemCache(String key) {
  83. 	    return mMemoryCache.get(key);
  84. 	} 
  85.  
  86. 	/**
  87. 	 * 先从内存缓存中获取Bitmap,如果没有就从SD卡或者手机缓存中获取，SD卡或者手机缓存
  88. 	 * 没有就去下载
  89. 	 * @param url
  90. 	 * @param listener
  91. 	 * @return
  92. 	 */
  93. 	public Bitmap downloadImage(final String url, final onImageLoaderListener listener){
  94. 		//替换Url中非字母和非数字的字符，这里比较重要，因为我们用Url作为文件名，比如我们的Url
  95. 		//是Http://xiaanming/abc.jpg;用这个作为图片名称，系统会认为xiaanming为一个目录，
  96. 		//我们没有创建此目录保存文件就会报错
  97. 		final String subUrl = url.replaceAll("[^\\w]", "");
  98. 		Bitmap bitmap = showCacheBitmap(subUrl);
  99. 		if(bitmap != null){
  100. 			return bitmap;
  101. 		}else{
  102.  
  103. 			final Handler handler = new Handler(){
  104. 				@Override
  105. 				public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
  106. 					super.handleMessage(msg);
  107. 					listener.onImageLoader((Bitmap)msg.obj, url);
  108. 				}
  109. 			};
  110.  
  111. 			getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
  112.  
  113. 				@Override
  114. 				public void run() {
  115. 					Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFormUrl(url);
  116. 					Message msg = handler.obtainMessage();
  117. 					msg.obj = bitmap;
  118. 					handler.sendMessage(msg);
  119.  
  120. 					try {
  121. 						//保存在SD卡或者手机目录
  122. 						fileUtils.savaBitmap(subUrl, bitmap);
  123. 					} catch (IOException e) {
  124. 						e.printStackTrace();
  125. 					}
  126.  
  127. 					//将Bitmap 加入内存缓存
  128. 					addBitmapToMemoryCache(subUrl, bitmap);
  129. 				}
  130. 			});
  131. 		}
  132.  
  133. 		return null;
  134. 	}
  135.  
  136. 	/**
  137. 	 * 获取Bitmap, 内存中没有就去手机或者sd卡中获取，这一步在getView中会调用，比较关键的一步
  138. 	 * @param url
  139. 	 * @return
  140. 	 */
  141. 	public Bitmap showCacheBitmap(String url){
  142. 		if(getBitmapFromMemCache(url) != null){
  143. 			return getBitmapFromMemCache(url);
  144. 		}else if(fileUtils.isFileExists(url) && fileUtils.getFileSize(url) != 0){
  145. 			//从SD卡获取手机里面获取Bitmap
  146. 			Bitmap bitmap = fileUtils.getBitmap(url);
  147.  
  148. 			//将Bitmap 加入内存缓存
  149. 			addBitmapToMemoryCache(url, bitmap);
  150. 			return bitmap;
  151. 		}
  152.  
  153. 		return null;
  154. 	}
  155.  
  156. 	/**
  157. 	 * 从Url中获取Bitmap
  158. 	 * @param url
  159. 	 * @return
  160. 	 */
  161. 	private Bitmap getBitmapFormUrl(String url) {
  162. 		Bitmap bitmap = null;
  163. 		HttpURLConnection con = null;
  164. 		try {
  165. 			URL mImageUrl = new URL(url);
  166. 			con = (HttpURLConnection) mImageUrl.openConnection();
  167. 			con.setConnectTimeout(10 * 1000);
  168. 			con.setReadTimeout(10 * 1000);
  169. 			con.setDoInput(true);
  170. 			con.setDoOutput(true);
  171. 			bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(con.getInputStream());
  172. 		} catch (Exception e) {
  173. 			e.printStackTrace();
  174. 		} finally {
  175. 			if (con != null) {
  176. 				con.disconnect();
  177. 			}
  178. 		}
  179. 		return bitmap;
  180. 	}
  181.  
  182. 	/**
  183. 	 * 取消正在下载的任务
  184. 	 */
  185. 	public synchronized void cancelTask() {
  186. 		if(mImageThreadPool != null){
  187. 			mImageThreadPool.shutdownNow();
  188. 			mImageThreadPool = null;
  189. 		}
  190. 	}
  191.  
  192. 	/**
  193. 	 * 异步下载图片的回调接口
  194. 	 * @author len
  195. 	 *
  196. 	 */
  197. 	public interface onImageLoaderListener{
  198. 		void onImageLoader(Bitmap bitmap, String url);
  199. 	}
  200.  
  201. }

ImageDownLoader中有几个方法比较重要

  1. 首先我们需要重写sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value)来计算图片的大小，默认返回图片的数量
  2. downloadImage(final String url, final onImageLoaderListener listener)先去LruCache查看Image,没有再去手机缓存中查看，在没有则开启线程下载，这里我们提供了一个回调接口，回调方法中我们将Bitmap和图片Url作为参数，String subUrl = url.replaceAll("[^\\w]", "") 我在代码中注释写的比较清楚
  3. showCacheBitmap(String url)方法，此方法在Adapter中的getView()当中调用，如果getView()中不调用此方法试试你就知道效果了
  • ImageAdapter  GridView的适配器类，主要是GridView滑动的时候取消下载任务，静止的时候去下载当前显示的item的图片，其他也没什么不同了
  1. package com.example.asyncimageloader;
  2.  
  3. import android.content.Context;
  4. import android.graphics.Bitmap;
  5. import android.view.View;
  6. import android.view.ViewGroup;
  7. import android.widget.AbsListView;
  8. import android.widget.AbsListView.OnScrollListener;
  9. import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
  10. import android.widget.GridView;
  11. import android.widget.ImageView;
  12.  
  13. import com.example.asyncimageloader.ImageDownLoader.onImageLoaderListener;
  14.  
  15. public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements OnScrollListener{
  16. 	/**
  17. 	 * 上下文对象的引用
  18. 	 */
  19. 	private Context context;
  20.  
  21. 	/**
  22. 	 * Image Url的数组
  23. 	 */
  24. 	private String [] imageThumbUrls;
  25.  
  26. 	/**
  27. 	 * GridView对象的应用
  28. 	 */
  29. 	private GridView mGridView;
  30.  
  31. 	/**
  32. 	 * Image 下载器
  33. 	 */
  34. 	private ImageDownLoader mImageDownLoader;
  35.  
  36. 	/**
  37. 	 * 记录是否刚打开程序，用于解决进入程序不滚动屏幕，不会下载图片的问题。
  38. 	 * 参考http://blog.csdn.net/guolin_blog/article/details/9526203#comments
  39. 	 */
  40. 	private boolean isFirstEnter = true;
  41.  
  42. 	/**
  43. 	 * 一屏中第一个item的位置
  44. 	 */
  45. 	private int mFirstVisibleItem;
  46.  
  47. 	/**
  48. 	 * 一屏中所有item的个数
  49. 	 */
  50. 	private int mVisibleItemCount;
  51.  
  52. 	public ImageAdapter(Context context, GridView mGridView, String [] imageThumbUrls){
  53. 		this.context = context;
  54. 		this.mGridView = mGridView;
  55. 		this.imageThumbUrls = imageThumbUrls;
  56. 		mImageDownLoader = new ImageDownLoader(context);
  57. 		mGridView.setOnScrollListener(this);
  58. 	}
  59.  
  60. 	@Override
  61. 	public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {
  62. 		//仅当GridView静止时才去下载图片，GridView滑动时取消所有正在下载的任务
  63. 		if(scrollState == AbsListView.OnScrollListener.SCROLL_STATE_IDLE){
  64. 			showImage(mFirstVisibleItem, mVisibleItemCount);
  65. 		}else{
  66. 			cancelTask();
  67. 		}
  68.  
  69. 	}
  70.  
  71. 	/**
  72. 	 * GridView滚动的时候调用的方法，刚开始显示GridView也会调用此方法
  73. 	 */
  74. 	@Override
  75. 	public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem,
  76. 			int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) {
  77. 		mFirstVisibleItem = firstVisibleItem;
  78. 		mVisibleItemCount = visibleItemCount;
  79. 		// 因此在这里为首次进入程序开启下载任务。
  80. 		if(isFirstEnter && visibleItemCount > 0){
  81. 			showImage(mFirstVisibleItem, mVisibleItemCount);
  82. 			isFirstEnter = false;
  83. 		}
  84. 	}
  85.  
  86. 	@Override
  87. 	public int getCount() {
  88. 		return imageThumbUrls.length;
  89. 	}
  90.  
  91. 	@Override
  92. 	public Object getItem(int position) {
  93. 		return imageThumbUrls[position];
  94. 	}
  95.  
  96. 	@Override
  97. 	public long getItemId(int position) {
  98. 		return position;
  99. 	}
  100.  
  101. 	@Override
  102. 	public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
  103. 		ImageView mImageView;
  104. 		final String mImageUrl = imageThumbUrls[position];
  105. 		if(convertView == null){
  106. 			mImageView = new ImageView(context);
  107. 		}else{
  108. 			mImageView = (ImageView) convertView;
  109. 		}
  110.  
  111. 		mImageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(150, 150));
  112. 		mImageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_INSIDE);
  113.  
  114. 		//给ImageView设置Tag,这里已经是司空见惯了
  115. 		mImageView.setTag(mImageUrl);
  116.  
  117. 		/*******************************去掉下面这几行试试是什么效果****************************/
  118. 		Bitmap bitmap = mImageDownLoader.showCacheBitmap(mImageUrl.replaceAll("[^\\w]", ""));
  119. 		if(bitmap != null){
  120. 			mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
  121. 		}else{
  122. 			mImageView.setImageDrawable(context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_empty));
  123. 		}
  124. 		/**********************************************************************************/
  125.  
  126. 		return mImageView;
  127. 	}
  128.  
  129. 	/**
  130. 	 * 显示当前屏幕的图片，先会去查找LruCache，LruCache没有就去sd卡或者手机目录查找，在没有就开启线程去下载
  131. 	 * @param firstVisibleItem
  132. 	 * @param visibleItemCount
  133. 	 */
  134. 	private void showImage(int firstVisibleItem, int visibleItemCount){
  135. 		Bitmap bitmap = null;
  136. 		for(int i=firstVisibleItem; i<firstVisibleItem + visibleItemCount; i++){
  137. 			String mImageUrl = imageThumbUrls[i];
  138. 			final ImageView mImageView = (ImageView) mGridView.findViewWithTag(mImageUrl);
  139. 			bitmap = mImageDownLoader.downloadImage(mImageUrl, new onImageLoaderListener() {
  140.  
  141. 				@Override
  142. 				public void onImageLoader(Bitmap bitmap, String url) {
  143. 					if(mImageView != null && bitmap != null){
  144. 						mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
  145. 					}
  146.  
  147. 				}
  148. 			});
  149.  
  150. 			//if(bitmap != null){
  151. 			//	mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
  152. 			//}else{
  153. 			//	mImageView.setImageDrawable(context.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.ic_empty));
  154. 			//}
  155. 		}
  156. 	}
  157.  
  158. 	/**
  159. 	 * 取消下载任务
  160. 	 */
  161. 	public void cancelTask(){
  162. 		mImageDownLoader.cancelTask();
  163. 	}
  164.  
  165. }
  • MainActivity  里面一个GridView，然后提供一个系统菜单来删除手机上的缓存图片，直接上代码，比较简单所以里面也没有注释
  1. package com.example.asyncimageloader;
  2.  
  3. import android.app.Activity;
  4. import android.os.Bundle;
  5. import android.view.Menu;
  6. import android.view.MenuItem;
  7. import android.widget.GridView;
  8. import android.widget.Toast;
  9.  
  10. public class MainActivity extends Activity {
  11. 	private GridView mGridView;
  12. 	private String [] imageThumbUrls = Images.imageThumbUrls;
  13. 	private ImageAdapter mImageAdapter;
  14. 	private FileUtils fileUtils;
  15.  
  16. 	@Override
  17. 	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  18. 		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  19. 		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  20. 		fileUtils = new FileUtils(this);
  21. 		mGridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridView);
  22. 		mImageAdapter = new ImageAdapter(this, mGridView, imageThumbUrls);
  23. 		mGridView.setAdapter(mImageAdapter);
  24. 	}
  25.  
  26. 	@Override
  27. 	protected void onDestroy() {
  28. 		mImageAdapter.cancelTask();
  29. 		super.onDestroy();
  30. 	}
  31.  
  32. 	@Override
  33. 	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
  34. 		super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
  35. 		menu.add("删除手机中图片缓存");
  36. 		return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
  37. 	}
  38.  
  39. 	@Override
  40. 	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
  41. 		switch (item.getItemId()) {
  42. 		case 0:
  43. 			fileUtils.deleteFile();
  44. 			Toast.makeText(getApplication(), "清空缓存成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  45. 			break;
  46. 		}
  47. 		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
  48. 	}
  49.  
  50. }
  • MainActivity的布局文件
  1. <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  2.     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
  3.     android:layout_width="match_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="match_parent"
  5.     tools:context=".MainActivity" >
  6.  
  7.     <GridView
  8.         android:id="@+id/gridView"
  9.         android:layout_width="match_parent"
  10.         android:layout_height="match_parent"
  11.         android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
  12.         android:columnWidth="90dip"
  13.         android:verticalSpacing="10dip"
  14.         android:horizontalSpacing="10dip"
  15.         android:cacheColorHint="@android:color/transparent"
  16.         android:numColumns="auto_fit" >
  17.     </GridView>
  18.  
  19. </RelativeLayout>
  • 因为有网络操作和对sd卡的操作，所以我们必须加上相对应的权限
  1. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
  2. <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

好了，代码就全部介绍完了，我们运行下程序看看效果，这里的效果是用一个线程下载图片的效果，可能有一些不完整，想看看效果自己动手试试，郁闷，家里的网络卡，gif的图片出不来效果，只能明天上传图片啦,公司也上传不了动画效果，我去，那我就贴一张普通图片，哈哈

好了，今天的讲解到此结束，有疑问的朋友请在下面留言,源码里面GridView的布局文件 columnWedth设置了120dip,有点丑，大家可以改成90dip

源码下载，点击这里

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