前言

【LeetCode 题解】系列传送门:

http://www.cnblogs.com/double-win/category/573499.html

题目链接

54. Spiral Matrix

题目描述

Given a matrix of m x n elements (m rows, n columns), return all elements of the matrix in spiral order.

For example,

Given the following matrix:

[

[ 1, 2, 3 ],

[ 4, 5, 6 ],

[ 7, 8, 9 ]

]

You should return [1,2,3,6,9,8,7,4,5].

题意

按照螺旋的方式返回矩阵中的各个元素。

例如,给定如下矩阵

[

[ 1, 2, 3 ],

[ 4, 5, 6 ],

[ 7, 8, 9 ]

]

其对应的结果为 [1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 8, 7, 4, 5]

思路

根据题意提取关键信息:

(1) m x n elements (m rows, n columns), 没有特意强调 m 和n 非负, 因此在边界判断是需要考虑空数组

(2) 螺旋的方式, 从结果可以看出是按照顺时针方向依次遍历的。

每次都是按照一个方向一直遍历, 直到该方向上所有的数据都访问过, 那么就转换到下一个方向。

从上一个方向开始, 每个点可能的方向最多有4个, 如果四个方向的下一个点都被遍历过, 则说明碰到了终点。

解法

class Solution(object):
def bfs(self, matrix, i, j, last = 0):
"""
:type matrix: List[List[int]]
:type i: int current row index
:type j: int current column index
:rtype: void
"""
if self.visited[i][j] == 0:
self.visited[i][j] = 1
self.res.append(matrix[i][j])
retry = 0
while retry < 4:
if last % 4 == 0:
if j + 1 <= self.n - 1 and self.visited[i][j + 1] == 0:
self.bfs(matrix, i, j + 1, last)
elif last % 4 == 1:
if i + 1 <= self.m - 1 and self.visited[i + 1][j] == 0:
self.bfs(matrix, i + 1, j, last)
elif last % 4 == 2:
if j - 1 >= 0 and self.visited[i][j - 1] == 0:
self.bfs(matrix, i, j - 1, last)
elif last % 4 == 3:
if i - 1 >= 0 and self.visited[i - 1][j] == 0:
self.bfs(matrix, i - 1, j, last)
last += 1
retry += 1 def spiralOrder(self, matrix):
"""
:type matrix: List[List[int]]
:rtype: List[int]
"""
self.visited = []
self.res = []
self.m = len(matrix)
if self.m == 0:
# the matrix is empty
return self.res
self.n = len(matrix[0])
for i in range(self.m):
line = []
for j in range(self.n):
line.append(0)
self.visited.append(line[:])
self.bfs(matrix, 0, 0)
return self.res

声明

作者 Double_Win
出处 http://www.cnblogs.com/double-win/p/7979672.html
本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文链接,否则作者保留追究法律责任的权利。 若本文对你有所帮助,您的关注和推荐是我们分享知识的动力!

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