二叉树的序列化与反序列化。

如果使用string作为媒介来存储,传递序列化结果的话,会给反序列话带来很多不方便。

这里学会了使用 sstream 中的 输入流'istringstream' 和 输出流'ostringstream'.

istringstream in;

in >> str;

这里没执行一次就会倒出一个string (因为in流中使用了' '空格 作为分割符, 所以可以分成很多个string)

建树的时候使用先序建立二叉树。

关键代码如下:

TreeNode* build(istringstream in){
if(#) return null;
else{
new a node
newnode -> left = build(in)
newnode -> right = build(in)
}
}
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Codec {
public: // Encodes a tree to a single string.
string serialize(TreeNode* root) {
ostringstream out;
backtrack(root, out);
return out.str();
} // Decodes your encoded data to tree.
TreeNode* deserialize(string data) {
istringstream in(data);
return build(in);
} private:
void backtrack(TreeNode *rt, ostringstream &out){
if(rt){
out << rt -> val << " ";
backtrack(rt -> left, out);
backtrack(rt -> right, out);
}else{
out << "#"<<" ";
}
} // 形如: 1 # 2 其中树节点必为满树空节点用#表示。中间用空格分割。
TreeNode* build(istringstream &in){
string str = "";
in >> str;
if(str == "#" || str == ""){
return NULL;
}else{
TreeNode *rt = new TreeNode(atoi(str.c_str()));
rt -> left = build(in);
rt -> right = build(in);
return rt;
}
}
}; // Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:
// Codec codec;
// codec.deserialize(codec.serialize(root));

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