图形化升级单机oracle 11.2.0.4 到 12.2.0.1

1. 讲补丁包上传到 Oracle server ，解压、安装

[oracle@11g tmp]$ unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip

2. 检查当前版本

SQL> select * from v$version;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> set linesize 150;
set pagesize 9999;
col comp_name format a40;
SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;SQL> SQL> SQL>

COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------------
OWB 11.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Application Express 3.2.1.00.10 VALID
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Spatial 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Multimedia 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle XML Database 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Text 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Expression Filter 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Rules Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle XDK 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
OLAP Analytic Workspace 11.2.0.4.0 VALID
Oracle OLAP API 11.2.0.4.0 VALID

18 rows selected.

3. 检查磁盘空间

select a.tablespace_name, round(a.total_size) "total_size(mb)",
round(a.total_size) - round(b.free_size,3) "unsed_size(mb)",
round(b.free_size,3) "free_size(mb)",
round(b.free_size/total_size *100,2) ||'%' free_rate
from
(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) /1024/1024 total_size
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name) a,
(select tablespace_name,sum(bytes)/1024/1024 free_size
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name(+);

4.为数据库做冷备份

RMAN>run {
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
backup full tag='db_full_bak' database format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/full_cold_%d_%s.bak';
alter database open;
}

RMAN> list backup;

数据库正常关闭后，还需要备份Oracle主目录，目的还是为了升级失败时，能够还原出数据库软件到升级前的版本。
重点是如下目录：

ORACLE_HOME/dbs

ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

ORACLE_HOME/hostname_dbname

ORACLE_HOME/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_hostname_dbname

[oracle@11g ~]$ env|grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=orcl
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1
[oracle@11g ~]$ tar cvf oracle.ora /home/oracle

5. 关闭数据库实例及相关进程 (静态监听、动态监听、EOM、相关服务)

--停止数据库外部进程
[root@11g ~]#ps -ef|grep -v grep |grep LOCAL=NO|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9

SQL> shutdown immediate;
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ cat /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ lsnrctl stop
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ lsnrctl status
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ ps -ef |grep ora_|grep -v grep
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ netstat -an |grep 1521
[oracle@11g rmanbak]$ netstat -an |grep 1158

6. 开始升级操作
[oracle@11g ~]$ cd /tmp/database
[oracle@11g database]$ ./runInstaller

6.1 不勾选   ， 点击 next

注意这里的安装位置，我之前的安装目录是11.2.0.4，我新目录是12.2.0.1.0 即将oracle 安装到其他位置，这样可以减少宕机时间，也是oracle 推荐的方法。

有pdksh或者ksh其中一个就行

[root@11g ~]# rpm -qa|grep ksh
pdksh-5.2.14-1.i386

执行到78%的时候弹出如下窗口： 用 root 用户跑这个脚本

进度到了83%的时候，自动弹出dbua窗口

停在37%执行了很久，耐心等待

选abort强制，进行如下操作

选yes

最后点击close。

7. 修改环境变量

然后，再修改oracle用户的.bash_profile

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0.1.0/db_1

然后source ~/.bash_profile

查看 cat /etc/oratab   【内容应该是新目录】

8. 登录查看，升级后版本

[oracle@11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Apr 2 16:43:38 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> set linesize 150;
set pagesize 9999;
col comp_name format a40;
SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;

COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------------
Oracle Database Catalog Views 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle Database Packages and Types 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle XDK 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle Database Java Packages 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
OLAP Analytic Workspace 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle Workspace Manager 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle Text 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle XML Database 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle Multimedia 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Spatial 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
Oracle OLAP API 12.2.0.1.0 UPGRADED
OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.4.0 OPTION OFF
Oracle Application Express 5.0.4.00.12 UPGRADED

14 rows selected.

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where status<>'VALID';

COUNT(*)
----------
8357

SQL> select * from utl_recomp_errors;

no rows selected

编译失效对象

SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catuppst.sql

Session altered.
--多次执行utlrp.sql，失效对象数量不再变化
SQL> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> select count(*) from dba_objects where status<>'VALID';

COUNT(*)
----------
44
统计失效的对象：
SQL> set lin 300;
set pagesize 300;
col owner for a30;
select owner, object_type, status, count(*)
from dba_objects
where status='INVALID'
group by owner, object_type, status
order by owner, object_type;
OWNER                          OBJECT_TYPE             STATUS    COUNT(*)
------------------------------ ----------------------- ------- ----------
SYS                            FUNCTION                INVALID          2
SYS                            PROCEDURE               INVALID          5
SYS                            TRIGGER                 INVALID          2
SYS                            VIEW                    INVALID          1
TBTB                           FUNCTION                INVALID         13
TBTB                           PROCEDURE               INVALID          3
TBTB                           VIEW                    INVALID         18

查看具体失效对象
col owner for a20;
col object_name for a32;
col object_type for a16;
col status for a8;
select owner, object_name, object_type, status
from dba_objects
where status='INVALID'
order by 1,2,3;
OWNER                OBJECT_NAME                      OBJECT_TYPE      STATUS
-------------------- -------------------------------- ---------------- --------
SYS                  DEPEND_RELATIONSHIP              PROCEDURE        INVALID
SYS                  EVENT_TABLE                      PROCEDURE        INVALID
SYS                  FN_GETSQLBYSQLID                 FUNCTION         INVALID
SYS                  GET_SQLTEXT                      FUNCTION         INVALID
SYS                  OLAPISHUTDOWNTRIGGER             TRIGGER          INVALID
SYS                  OLAPISTARTUPTRIGGER              TRIGGER          INVALID
SYS                  P_COLL_DML_INSERT                PROCEDURE        INVALID
SYS                  P_MONI_INVALID_INDEX             PROCEDURE        INVALID
SYS                  P_MONI_SQL                       PROCEDURE        INVALID
SYS                  V$SQLAREA_TOTAL                  VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 CONTRACT_CALV                    FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 CONTRACT_CONTTYPE                FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 CONTRACT_GDQX                    FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 EMPLEVEL_LT                      FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 EMPLEVEL_LZ                      FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 EMPLEVEL_QC                      FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 EMPLEVEL_XJRS                    FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 GETTRMOBJ_BYOID                  FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 GETUNITFULLNAME                  FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 GET_CONTRACTOIDBYEMPOID          FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 GET_EMPDATA                      FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 JLSXTG                           PROCEDURE        INVALID
TBTB                 LUOC                             FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 PROC_COPYTEMPLATE                PROCEDURE        INVALID
TBTB                 REP_1                            FUNCTION         INVALID
TBTB                 SET_EMPDATA                      PROCEDURE        INVALID
TBTB                 TB_CNB_PAYRECORDINFO             VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_CRPT_SELCOUNT               VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_EMPASSIGNEDJOB              VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_EMPPOSITION                 VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_LEADERLEVEL                 VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_LEADER_SET                  VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_ORGUNIT                     VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_PMG_EVALUESCORE             VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_PMG_REWARDANDPUNISH         VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_REC_CANDIDATE               VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_TABLE                       VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_TMG_MONTHREPORT             VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_TRM_CLASSINFO               VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_TRM_CLASSMONEY              VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 TB_V_TRM_COURSE                  VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 VIEW_BIZPROCINST                 VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 VIEW_BIZWORKITEM                 VIEW             INVALID
TBTB                 VIEW_ORG_PERSON_ROLE_UNIT        VIEW             INVALID

44 rows selected.

手动单个单个编译失效对象，结果每个报 Warning: Procedure altered with compilation errors.
ALTER PROCEDURE SYS.DEPEND_RELATIONSHIP COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE SYS.P_MONI_INVALID_INDEX COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE SYS.P_MONI_SQL COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE SYS.P_COLL_DML_INSERT COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION SYS.GET_SQLTEXT COMPILE;
ALTER TRIGGER SYS.OLAPISTARTUPTRIGGER COMPILE;
ALTER TRIGGER SYS.OLAPISHUTDOWNTRIGGER COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.GET_EMPDATA COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.GETUNITFULLNAME COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE TBTB.SET_EMPDATA COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE TBTB.JLSXTG COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE TBTB.PROC_COPYTEMPLATE COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.GETTRMOBJ_BYOID COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.LUOC COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.REP_1 COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.GET_CONTRACTOIDBYEMPOID COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.EMPLEVEL_LT COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.EMPLEVEL_LZ COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.EMPLEVEL_QC COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.CONTRACT_CALV COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.CONTRACT_CONTTYPE COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.CONTRACT_GDQX COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION TBTB.EMPLEVEL_XJRS COMPILE;
ALTER FUNCTION SYS.FN_GETSQLBYSQLID COMPILE;
ALTER PROCEDURE SYS.EVENT_TABLE COMPILE;

至此失效对象无法valid，推测是版本升级废弃对象，这里先不讨论。

9. 修改compatible参数，若修改完成，此次升级操作就无法回退，一定要在应用经过测试之后修改。

SQL> show parameter compatible

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
compatible string 11.2.0.4
noncdb_compatible boolean FALSE

QL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;
SQL> alter system set compatible='12.2.0.1.0' scope=spfile;

System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;

SQL> show parameter compatible

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
compatible string 12.2.0.1.0
noncdb_compatible boolean FALSE

SQL> set linesize 150;
set pagesize 9999;
col comp_name format a40;
SELECT COMP_NAME, VERSION, STATUS FROM SYS.DBA_REGISTRY;

COMP_NAME VERSION STATUS
---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ----------------------
Oracle Database Catalog Views 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Database Packages and Types 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle XDK 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Database Java Packages 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
OLAP Analytic Workspace 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Workspace Manager 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Text 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle XML Database 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle Multimedia 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Spatial 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
Oracle OLAP API 12.2.0.1.0 VALID
OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.4.0 OPTION OFF
Oracle Application Express 5.0.4.00.12 VALID

14 rows selected.

升级过程有忽略，abort,很简单粗暴，只用来初次尝试，用来学习与参考，失效对象还要进一步确认，升级过程中有不合理之处请指正，转载请标明出处