python 笔记

第一周2016/9/11

 

Python 2.0和3.0的区别

3.0 的模块名改了和之前的2.0 不一样

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-         加 utf8

>>> user="123"             2.0打印

>>> print user

123

Print（user）               3.0打印

变量

Name=”hanwei”   #姓名

name=”hanwei”    #姓名

注释 #  ‘’’  ‘’’

2.0

>>> a=raw_input("your name:")

your name:123

>>> print a

123

3.0

>>> a=input("your name:")

your name:123

>>> print a

123

格式化字符串

#!/usr/bin/env python

name=input("your name:")

age=int(input("your age:"))      %d代表小数必须像这样

job=input("your job:")

%s 小数或字符串    %f 浮点数   %d 小数

msg='''

Name:%s

Age:%d

Job:%s

'''%(name,age,job)

print(msg)

ASCI码叫阿克斯码

Ascl 本身没有加入utf8 加入utf8才有中文

8个bi等于一个字节

1024个字节等于1kb

#####################

Ascl 查询 规律

Ab-----69----------ascl码

输入密码不显示密码

import getpass

username = input("username:")

password = getpass.getpass()

print(username,password)

判断次数输入密码

user = "hanwei"
passwd = "789"

username = input("username")
password = input("password")

if user == username:
    print("username is corerct....")
    if password == passwd:
        print("Wlecome login....")
    else:
        print("password is invalid...
else:
    print("no no no")

判断输入密码器

user = "hanwei"
passwd = "789"
username = input("username:")
password = input("password:")

if username == user and password == passwd:
    print("Welcome login")
else:
    print("mima huo yonghu mong cuowu")

猜数字

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

age = 22
guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:"))  init 转为数字
if guess_num == age:
    print("you git lt")
elif guess_num > age:
    print("da le")
else:
    print("xiaole")

猜数字2

age = 22

for i in range(10):

if i <3:

guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:"))

if guess_num == age:

print("you git lt")

break

elif guess_num > age:

print("da le")

else:

print("xiaole")

else:

print("cishi taiduo")

break

列表---其他叫做数组

定义数组

name=["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","liu","xie","zhou"]

打印

name[1:3][1][3]

name[1:3]

name[-2:]

name[-1]

name[4]

name[:2]

修改

name[4] = "xietingfeng"

插入

name.insert(4,'hanwei')

删除

name.remove("liu")

打印所有

>>> name

['zhangsan', 'lisi', 'wangwu', 'hanwei', 'xietingfeng', 'zhou', 'alix']

if 9 in name:
    num = name.count(9)  统计9的个数
    pos = name.index(9)  找出索引
    name[pos] = 999      改
  
    print(name)

循环改改所有
name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0",1,1,3,5,4,8,98,9,10,11,9,9,9]
for i in range(name.count(9)): 
    ele = name.index(9)
    name[ele] = 9999999999
    print name

扩展

name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name2 = ["hanweiu","lini"]

name.extend(name2)
print(name)

打印嵌套

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]

print name [2][0]

反向排序

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.reverse()
print name

排序

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.sort()
print name

考被列表

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name2 = name.copy()
print(name2)

删除

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
name.pop(2)
print name

不长 （比如 1.3.5排序）

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]

print (name[::2])

删除

name = ["zhangsan","lisi",["li","a"],"wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]
del name[1]
print (name[::2])

完全拷贝

name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu","sunliu","liu0"]

name4 = copy.deepcopy(name)
print(name4)

猜数字2

age = 22
count = 0
for i in range(10):
    if count<3:
        print(count)
        guess_num = int(input("input your guess num:"))
        if guess_num == age:
            print("you git lt")
            break
        elif guess_num > age:
            print("da le")
        else:
            print("xia ole")
    else:
        con = input("hai yao ji xu ma:")
        if con == 'y':
            count = 0
            continue
        else:

            print("exit")
            break
    count += 1

字符串处理

name = "alex,jack,rain"

name2 = name.split(",")  转换成列表

print(name2)   

print("|".join(name2)) 换成 |

删掉多余前后空格

username=input("user:")

if username.strip() == 'alex':
    print("welcome")'''

 

name = "alex li"

 

print(name[2:4])              打印指定字符

print(name.center(40,'-'))    打印40不满40 前后加—

print(name.find("li"))        查找

print('' in name)             查找空格

print(name.capitalize())     第一个字母换成大写

 

变量

msg="Hello, {name}, it's been along {age} since last tiem...."
msg2=msg.format(name='mimng hu',age='33')
print(msg2)

变量
msg2="hahah {0}, dddd {1}"
print(msg2.format('alex','aa'))

避免输入的不是数字报错

age = input("your age:")

'''if age. isdigit():      避免  
    age = int(age) 
else:
    print("nono")'''

 

name='alex3sdf'
print(name.isalnum())       判断是否是字母或者数字
print(name.endswith('f'))   判断结尾是否是f
print(name.startswith('a')) 判断开头是否是a
print(name.upper().lower())  大小写转换

While 死循环

count=0
while True:

    count+=1
    if count>50 and count<60:   50-60之间退出循环
        continue
    print("你是风儿我是沙")
    print(count)

    if count == 100:
        print("穿上裤子走天涯")
        print(count)
        break

字典

id_db = {
     412728199004125331:{
         'name':"hanwei",
         'age': 18,
         'addr':'henan'
     },
     41272819900512331: {
         'name':"shanpao",
         'age':24,
         'addr':'shandong'
     },
}

#print(id_db[412728199004125331])  打印k值

#id_db[41272819900512331]['name']="minghu" 修改

#del id_db[41272819900512331]          删除

#id_db[41272819900512331].pop("addr")  删除

#v=id_db.get(41272819900512331)  判断是否存在

#v=id_db[41272819900512331]     负值k值

 

 

#print(id_db)
dic2={
    'name':'hanhanhan',
    222012000:{'name':'wang'},
}
#print(dic2)

#id_db.update(dic2)   更新如果只存在覆盖不存在追加
#print(id_db)

#print(id_db) # 打印字典

#print(id_db.items()) 转换成元祖
#print(id_db.values())  打印values

#print(id_db.keys())  打印keys

#41272819900512331 in id_db   判断一个值是否存在

#print(id_db.setdefault(41272819900412533,"hhh"))   判断一个不存在就追加

 

循环字典
for key in id_db:
    print(key,id_db[key])

 

购物车

salary=input("input your salery:")

if salary.isdigit():
    salary=int(salary)
else:
    exit("shu ru cuo wu")

welcom_msg=,'-')
print(welcom_msg)

exit_flag = False
product_list=[
    (),
    (),
    (),
    ('xiaomi 2',19.9),
    (),
    (),
    (),
    (),
]

shop_car=[]
while exit_flag is not True:
    print(,'-'))
    for item in enumerate(product_list):
        index=item[]
        p_name=item[][]
        p_price=item[][]
        print(index,'.',p_name,p_price)

    user_choice = input("[q=quit,c=check],what do your want to buy:")
    if user_choice.isdigit():
        user_choice=int(user_choice)
        if user_choice <len(product_list):
            p_item=product_list[user_choice]
            ] <=salary:
               shop_car.append(p_item)
               salary -= p_item[]
               print("added[%s]into shop car,you current balance is \033[31:1m[%s]"
                  %( p_item,salary))
        else:
               print("your balance is [%s], nono.." % salary)
    else:
        if user_choice == 'q' or user_choice == 'quit':
            print(,'*'))
            for item in shop_car:
                 print(item)
            print(,'*'))
            print("nide yu ge shi [%s]" % salary)
            print("Bye")
            exit_flag = True
        elif user_choice == 'c' or user_choice == 'check':
            print(, '*'))
            for item in shop_car:
                print(item)
            print(, '*'))
            print("nide yu ge shi [%s]" % salary)
            print("Bye")

Set

s1={11,22,33}
s2={22,33,44}
#s3=s1.difference(s2)   a中存在b中不存在
#s3=s1.symmetric_difference(s2) a中不存在和b中不存在

#s1.difference_update(s2)    a中存在b中不存在跟新到a中

#s3=s1.intersection(s2)  找出a和b相同的   叫做交集

#s1.symmetric_difference_update(s2)   a和b中不存在德跟新到a中

#s1.discard(11)  删除不存在不报错

#s1.remove(22) 删除不存在报错

#s1.pop()      随机删除

#s1.intersection_update(s2)  把a和b相同的更新到a中

#s3=s1.union(s2)  并集

#{33, 22, 11, 44}

添加
#s1.add(99)

#li=[88,66,99]
#s1.update(li)


练习题


old_dict={
    "#1":8,
    "#2":4,
    "#4":2,
}

new_dict={
    "#1":4,
    "#2":4,
    "#3":2,
}

拿到keys
new_set=set(new_dict.keys())
old_set=set(old_dict.keys())

remove_set=old_set.difference(new_set)   需要删除的
add_set=new_set.difference(old_set)      需要添加的
update_set=old_set.intersection(new_set) 需要更新的

#!/usr/bin/env python

http://www.cnblogs.com/spykids/p/5163108.html
shopping_list = [
    [],
    [],
    [],
    [],
    [],
    [],]

salary = 

total = 

shop_list = []

while True:
    welcom_1 = "XXX购物商城欢迎你"
    we_1 = welcom_1.center(,'*')
    print(we_1)

    choice_1 = "1.注册 2.登录 q。退出"
    ch_1 = choice_1.center(,'*')

    exit_1 = "谢谢使用，欢迎下次光临"
    ex_1 = exit_1.center(,'*')

    error_1 = "你输入的用户已存在，请重新输入"
    e_1 = error_1.center(,'*')

    error_2 = "密码不能为空，请重新输入"
    e_2 = error_2.center(,'*')

    error_3 = "输入的密码太短，请重新输入"
    e_3 = error_3.center(,"*")

    error_4 = "你输入有误，请重新输入"
    e_4 = error_4.center(,'*')

    error_5 = "你的账号已锁定，请联系管理员"
    e_5 = error_5.center(,'*')

    print(ch_1)
    sr_1 = input("Please input:")
    ':
        while True:
            with open('ming.txt','r')as r_1:
                temp = r_1.readlines()
                tlist = []

            for tline in temp:
                  tline = tline.strip().split(':')
                  tlist.append(tline[])
            useradd = input("Please create user:")
            s_1 = '成功创建用户：%s' %(useradd)

            if useradd in tlist:
                print(e_1)
            elif useradd == 'exit':
                break
            else:
                  passwd = input('Please create a password:')
                  lenth = len(passwd)
                   :
                      print(e_2)
                  elif lenth > :
                      with open('ming.txt','a')as r_3:
                          w_1 = '%s:%s:0\n ' %(useradd,passwd)
                          r_3.write(w_1)
                          s_1 = s_1.center(,'*')
                          print(s_1)
                          break
                  else:
                      print(e_3)

    elif sr_1 == ':
        flag = False
        while True:
            username = input("Please enter a  user name:")
            l = open('lock.txt','r')
            for lline in l.readlines():
                lline = lline.strip()
                if username == lline:
                    print("账号已经锁定")
                    flag = True
                    l.close()
                    break
            if flag == True:
                break

            u = open('ming.txt','r')
            for uline in u.readlines():
                user,password,mony = uline.strip().split(':')
                if username == user:
                  i =
                  :
                    passwd = input('Please enter a password:')
                    i +=
                    if passwd == password:
                        print('你好欢迎登陆购物平台')
                        flag = True
                        u.close()
                        break
                    else:
                        :
                            with open('lock.txt','a') as l_2:
                                l_2.write(username + '\n')
                                l_2.close()
                            exit("错误过多，账号已锁定，请联系管理员")
                        print( - i))
                  break
            else:
                print("用户输入错误，请重新输入")
                break
            while True:

                print("1.购物 2.查看购物车 3.查看余额 4.充值 b.返回 q.退出")
                print("--------------------------------------------------")
                choice_2 = input('请选择')
                flag_1 = False
                while True:
                    ":
                        while True:
                            for index,g in enumerate(shopping_list):
                                print(index,g[],g[])
                            print('--------------')
                            print('c.查看购物车 b.返回 q.退出')
                            choice = input('请选择商品:').strip()
                            if choice.isdigit():
                                choice = int(choice)
                                p_price = shopping_list[choice][]
                                if p_price < salary:
                                    shop_list.append(shopping_list[choice])
                                    total += p_price
                                    salary -= p_price
                                    print('------------------')
                                    print(],salary))
                                    print('------------------')
                                else:
                                    print('--------------------')
                                    print('余额不足，请充值')
                                    print('--------------------')
                            elif choice == "c":
                                while True:
                                    print('-------你已进入购物车-------')
                                    for k,v in enumerate(shop_list):
                                        print(k,v[],v[])
                                        print("已消费金额为:%s"%total)
                                        print("你的余额为:%s"%salary)
                                        print('--------------------------')
                                        print("d.删除商品，b.返回 q.退出")
                                        print('--------------------------')
                                        choce_1 = input('请选择')
                                        print('--------------------------')
                                        if choce_1 == 'd':
                                            print('-------------------------')
                                            print('选择要删除的商品 b.返回购物车：')
                                            print('-------------------------')
                                            while True:
                                                choice_2 = input('请选择:')
                                                if choice_2.isdigit():
                                                    choice_2 = int(choice_2)
                                                    d_price = shop_list[choice_2][]
                                                    shop_list.remove(shop_list[choice_2])
                                                    total -= d_price
                                                    salary += d_price
                                                    print('----------------')
                                                    print(],salary))
                                                    print('-----------------')
                                                elif choice_2 == 'b':
                                                    break
                                        elif choice_1 == 'b':
                                            flag = True
                                            break
                                        else:
                                            print('-----购物清单------')
                                            for k,v in enumerate(shop_list):
                                                print(k,v[],v[])
                                                print('总消费金额为:%s'%total)
                                                print('你的可用余额:%s'%salary)
                                                print('-----欢迎下次再来-----')
                                                exit()
                            elif choice == "b":
                                break
                            elif choice == 'q':
                                print('------购物清单------')
                                for k,v in enumerate(shop_list):
                                    print(k,v[],v[])
                                print('消费金额为:%s'%total)
                                print('你的可用余额为:%s'%salary)
                                print('------欢迎再次光临------')
                                exit()
                            else:
                                print('----------------')
                                print('你输入错误，请重新输入！')
                                print('-------------------')
                        if flag == True:
                            break
                    elif choice_2 == ':
                        print('-----购物车-------')
                        for k,v in enumerate(shop_list):
                            print(k,v[],v[])
                        print('已消费金额为:%s'%total)
                        print('你的余额为:%s'%salary)
                        print('--------------------')
                        break
                    elif choice_2 == ':
                        with open('ming.txt','r')as m_1:
                            mony_1 = m_1.readlines()
                        for mline in mony_1:
                            (user,password,mony) = mline.strip().split(':')
                            print(salary)
                            flag_1 = True
                            break
                        break
                    elif choice_2 == ':
                        z =
                        :
                            chongzhi = int(input('输入金额：'))
                            passwd_1 = input('输入密码:')
                            m = open('ming.txt','r+')
                            m_2 = m.readlines()
                            for mline in m_2:
                                (user,password,mony) = mline.strip().split(':')
                                if passwd_1 == password:
                                    mony_2 = (chongzhi + int(mony))
                                    w_2 = '%s:%s:%s'%(username,password,mony_2)
                                    m.write(w_2)
                                    print('充值成功')
                                    print(mony)
                                    flag = True
                                    break
                                continue
                            break
                        if flag == True:
                            break
                    elif choice_2 == 'b':
                        flag = True
                        break
                    elif choice_2 == 'q':
                        exit(ex_1)
                    else:
                        print(e_4)
                        break
                    break
                if flag == True:
                    break
            break
    elif sr_1 == 'q':
        exit(ex_1)
    else:
        print(e_4)
        print('--------------------------------')

三级菜单

http://www.2cto.com/kf/201512/453371.html

 import re
 memu = {
     '东北':{
         '吉林省':{
             '吉林市':['吉林市1','吉林市2'],
             '长春':['长春1','长春2'],
         },
         '辽宁省':{
             '沈阳':['沈阳1','沈阳2'],
             '大连':['大连1','大连2'],

         },
     },
     '华北':{
         '河北':{
             '廊坊':['廊坊1','廊坊2'],
             '保定':['保定1','保定2'],
         },
         '内蒙古':{
             '呼和浩特':['呼和浩特1','呼和浩特2'],
             '包头':['包头1','包头2']
         },
     },
 }

 flag = True
 while flag:
     for i,v in enumerate(memu.keys()):
         print(i,v)
     num_1 = input('请输入一级菜单号 q.退出:')
     if num_1 == 'q':
         flag = True
         break
     if num_1.isdigit():
         num_1 = int(num_1)
         if num_1 <= len(memu):
             key_1 = list(memu.keys())[num_1]
             while flag:
                 for i1,v1 in enumerate(memu[key_1]):
                     print(i1,v1)
                 num_2 = input('请输入二级菜单号 q.退出 b.返回:')
                 if num_2 == 'q':
                     flag = False
                     break
                 if num_2 == 'b':
                     break
                 if num_2.isdigit():
                     num_2 = int(num_2)
                     if num_2 <= len(memu[key_1]):
                         key_2 = list(memu[key_1].keys())[num_2]
                         while flag:
                             for i2,v2 in enumerate(memu[key_1][key_2]):
                                 print(i2,v2)
                             num_3 = input('请输入三级菜单号 q.退出 b.返回:')
                             if num_3 == 'q':
                                 flas = False
                                 break
                             if num_3 == 'b':
                                 break
                             if num_3.isdigit():
                                 num_3 = int(num_3)
                                 if num_3 <= len(memu[key_1][key_2]):
                                     key_3 = list(memu[key_1][key_2].keys())[num_3]
                                     while flag:
                                         print('最后一页！')
                                         for i3,v3 in enumerate(memu[key_1][key_2][key_3]):
                                             print(i3,v3)
                                         num_4 = input('q.退出 b.返回:')
                                         if num_4 == 'q':
                                             flag = False
                                             break
                                         if num_4 == 'b':
                                             break 

购物车
http://www.cnblogs.com/spykids/p/5163108.html