Lesson 28 No parking

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Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. He has just bought a new house in the city, but even since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. When he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside his gate. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once. Jasper has put up 'No Parking' signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate. It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen. I asked him what is was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon. Jasper hopes that she will turn the cars and their owners to stone. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!

Note

【New words and expressions】（7）

1. rare

   ① adj. 罕见的 指世界上都少有

   rare animal 稀有动物；rare bird 珍稀鸟类；rare illness 疑难杂症

   scarce /skeəs/ adj. 缺乏的，不足的，稀有的，不充足的（少有的，表示某个时间段或某个地方少有）

   Watermelon is scarce in winter.

   ② adj. 几乎是生的

   well done 全熟 medium adj. 半生半熟的

2. ancient adj. 古代的, 古老的

   antique adj. 古代的，古玩，古董，古老而有价值的antique furniture 古董家具

3. myth n. 神话故事 fairy n. 神仙故事

4. trouble

   ① n. 麻烦

   I'm sorry to put you in trouble. 我很抱歉给你带来麻烦(口语)

   ask for trouble 自找麻烦

   have trouble in doing sth. .

   ② v. 麻烦

   Never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you. 永远不要自寻烦恼

   Let sleeping dog lie. 不要自找麻烦

5. effect n. 结果, 效果

   have an effect 有效果have no effect 没有效果

   have effect on 对……有效果

【课文讲解】

1. Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths.

   believe vt. 相信，认为

   believe in 信任，信赖（人格、力量等）；信仰；相信……的存在，相信……的价值

   I believe in God. 我信仰上帝。

2. He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.

   ever since =since 从那以后一直（ever since的语气比since强，主句一般用完成时）

   have trouble doing 做……有麻烦

   have trouble with sb. 和某人相处有麻烦

3. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.

   because只能作连词用，后面接从句 because of 由于，介词短语，后面不可以跟从句，只能跟名词、代词或动词 “-ing”.

   be able to 的主语一般都是人, 表示有能力去做；can表示天生的或学到的能力时，只能用于现在时和过去时（could），而不可用于将来时。将来时中表示能力时必须用be able to。在现在时和过去时中，can/could与be able to一般可以互换，在完成时中一般用be able to。

4. get sth. into 把……弄进

   drive the car into 把车子撞上……

   even once 甚至一次（even 起强调）

5. But none of them has been turned to stone yet!

   none of，neither of做主语时做单数看待

【Composition】

1. My wife (drives) (leads) a car. She has (driven) (ridden) a car for many years (and) (but) she says that women drivers (do not deserve) (are not worth) their bad reputation. Yet, on the road, she often (criticizes) (judges) other women drivers.

   drives/driven/and/do not deserve/criticizes

   reputation n.名誉, 名声

   judge n.法官, 审判员, 裁判员, 鉴赏家, 鉴定人, (J-)最高的审判者 vt.审理, 鉴定, 判断, 判决, 断定, 认为 vi.下判断, 作评价

【Key structures】

Wht has happened? 现在完成时

与现在完成时连用的副词和副词短语：before(now)，so far，up to/till now，just，already，now，ever，never，since和for等，since一般与一个时间点连用，for一般与时间段连用。

【Special Difficulties】

关系从句及关系代词

关系从句又可称为定语从句或形容词从句，它像形容词一样可以形容人、物及事件。关系从句可分为限定性关系从句（不带逗号）和非限定性关系从句（带逗号）。表示人的关系代词：who，whom，that，whose（口语中whom经常由who代替）

表示事物和动物的关系代词：which，that

关系代词可以有四个概念 :
① 代人的, 做主语或宾语who，只做宾语的whom
② 代物的, 做主语或宾语 which
③ 代人的也可以代物的 做主语或宾语 that
④ whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定(不一定指人)

关系代词后面要加从句，先行词放在定语从句前面, 而且是两句话共同含有的词, 还是被定语从句修饰的词I have a book that/which he likes.( “book” 为先行词 “that/which” 为关系代词)

关系代词有两个功能 : 一是承上, 一是启下(如上句中的 “book” 作从句的宾语)

The boy who is standing at the door is my brother.

I can do anything that I can do.

I have a house whose windows are broken.

关系代词在关系从句中作宾语时往往可以省略，作主语时则不可以。whose 后面一定要加一个名词, 然后这个部分共同做主语或宾语

The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt.

Exersise(在需要的地方填上who, which, that或whose)

1. The only games ______ I play are football and tennis.先行词如果用only, 序数词, 形容词最高级修饰, 其后边的关系词只用that

2. This is the hotel at ______ we are staying.

   介词后加物的话, 只加which,加人的话, 用whom, 都不可用that,who也不能

3. That is the horse ______ won the race.

   句子中用词避免重复, 句首已有了一个 “that” , 故选 “which” 而不是 “that”

   Who is the man that is helping you? 谁是那个正在帮助你的人?（不用“who”避免重复）

4. He is the sort of person ______ everyone admires.

【Multiple choice questions】

1. ___ b ___ of them has been turned to stone.

   a. No one b. Not one c. No d. Even one

   no 是形容词, 后加名词

   no one =nobody (“nobody” 指的是人, 它将 “cars” 排除了是不对的)，不定代词后不用of
   可以用的有 : neither of/none of/both of/all of

   none of =not one of

2. The signs haven't had any effect. They haven't a anyone.

   a. affected b. effected c. resulted in d. imposed

   effect n. 影响have effect 有效果

   affect v. 影响