SQLSERVER操作字段约束，修改字段名称等

-- 表加注释
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'注释内容' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'表名'
--例如：
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'系统设置表' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'CM01_SYSTEM'

--为字段加注释：

exec sp_addextendedproperty
@name=N'MS_Description',
@value=N'说明',
@level0type=N'SCHEMA',
@level0name=N'dbo',
@level1type=N'TABLE',
@level1name=N'表名',
@level2type=N'COLUMN',
@level2name=N'字段名'

--修改字段名称

语法：execute sp_rename '表名.字段名','新字段名'

exec sp_helpconstraint @objname='Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup'

execute sp_rename 'Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup.EvluationProsPlanId','EvluationProsId'

--删除字段约束

要想删除字段约束，第一步应查询当前字段所在表的所有约束

语法：select * from sysobjects where parent_obj in(select id from sysobjects where name='表名')

或者：exec sp_helpconstraint @objname='表名'

select * from sysobjects where parent_obj in(select id from sysobjects where name='Evl_EvluationProsPlan')

然后执行删除约束

语法：ALTER TABLE 表名  DROP CONSTRAINT FK__Evl_Evlua__Evlua__45472A22

ALTER TABLE Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup  DROP CONSTRAINT FK__Evl_Evlua__Evlua__45472A22

增加一个约束：

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK__Evl_Evlua__Evlua__52D62F6A] FOREIGN KEY([EvluationProsPlanId])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Evl_EvluationPros] ([EvluationProsId])

具体可以查看表的构造语句，譬如：

GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup]    Script Date: 2018/10/31 9:57:45 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup](
    [MarkGroupId] [varchar]() NOT NULL,
    [EvluationProsPlanId] [varchar]() NULL,
    [GroupId] [varchar]() NULL,
    [GroupName] [varchar]() NULL,
    [RoleId] [varchar]() NULL,
    [RoleName] [varchar]() NULL,
    [UserId] [varchar]() NULL,
    [UserName] [nvarchar]() NULL,
    [CreateDate] [datetime] NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK__Evl_Evlu__86E697BBFBDDA48D] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
    [MarkGroupId] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO

SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF__Evl_Evlua__Creat__53CA53A3]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [CreateDate]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK__Evl_Evlua__Evlua__52D62F6A] FOREIGN KEY([EvluationProsPlanId])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsPlan] ([EvluationProsPlanId])
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Evl_EvluationProsMarkGroup] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK__Evl_Evlua__Evlua__52D62F6A]
GO