Kubernetes实战总结 - Prometheus部署

什么是普罗米修斯？

Prometheus是最初在SoundCloud上构建的开源系统监视和警报工具包 。

自2012年成立以来，许多公司和组织都采用了Prometheus，该项目拥有非常活跃的开发人员和用户社区。

组件说明

• Prometheus：负责实现对K8s集群监控数据的获取，存储以及查询。
• PrometheusOperator：为Prometheus实例的部署和管理提供了简单的监视定义。
• KubeStateMetrics：是K8s集群资源使用情况的聚合器，收集数据给K8s集群内使用(如HPA)。
• AlertManager：负责将告警信息重复数据删除，分组和路由到正确的接收者集成。
• NodeExporter：用于采集集群中各个节点的资源使用情况。
• Grafana：一个跨平台的开源的度量分析和可视化工具。

系统架构

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什么时候合适？

Prometheus非常适合记录任何纯数字时间序列。

它既适合以机器为中心的监视，也适合于高度动态的面向服务的体系结构的监视。在微服务世界中，它对多维数据收集和查询的支持是一种特别的优势。

Prometheus的设计旨在提高可靠性，使其成为中断期间要使用的系统，以使您能够快速诊断问题。

每个Prometheus服务器都是独立的，而不依赖于网络存储或其他远程服务。当基础结构的其他部分损坏时，您可以依靠它，并且无需设置广泛的基础结构即可使用它。

什么时候不合适？

普罗米修斯重视可靠性。即使在故障情况下，您始终可以查看有关系统的可用统计信息。

如果您需要100％的准确性（例如按请求计费），则Prometheus并不是一个不错的选择，因为所收集的数据可能不会足够详细和完整。

在这种情况下，最好使用其他系统来收集和分析数据以进行计费，并使用Prometheus进行其余的监视。

---

部署安装

　　Github : https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus

　　1、下载官方源码文件（默认镜像源来自quay.io）

　　wget -o kube-prometheus.tgz https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus/archive/v0.3.0.tar.gz

• 　当然，如果你的国外网不太友好，也可以下载本人百度云文件（已修改镜像源到aliyuncs）kube-prometheus-0.3.0.zip（ccer ）

　　2、解压并部署安装

　　tar -zxvf kube-prometheus.tgz && cd kube-prometheus-0.3.0/manifests

　　kubectl create -f setup

　　until kubectl get servicemonitors --all-namespaces ; do date; sleep 1; echo ""; done

　　kubectl create -f .

[root@k8s-32 manifests]# ls -R
.:
alertmanager-alertmanager.yaml              kube-state-metrics-service.yaml                             prometheus-clusterRole.yaml
alertmanager-secret.yaml                    node-exporter-clusterRoleBinding.yaml                       prometheus-operator-serviceMonitor.yaml
alertmanager-serviceAccount.yaml            node-exporter-clusterRole.yaml                              prometheus-prometheus.yaml
alertmanager-serviceMonitor.yaml            node-exporter-daemonset.yaml                                prometheus-roleBindingConfig.yaml
alertmanager-service.yaml                   node-exporter-serviceAccount.yaml                           prometheus-roleBindingSpecificNamespaces.yaml
grafana-dashboardDatasources.yaml           node-exporter-serviceMonitor.yaml                           prometheus-roleConfig.yaml
grafana-dashboardDefinitions.yaml           node-exporter-service.yaml                                  prometheus-roleSpecificNamespaces.yaml
grafana-dashboardSources.yaml               prometheus-adapter-apiService.yaml                          prometheus-rules.yaml
grafana-deployment.yaml                     prometheus-adapter-clusterRoleAggregatedMetricsReader.yaml  prometheus-serviceAccount.yaml
grafana-serviceAccount.yaml                 prometheus-adapter-clusterRoleBindingDelegator.yaml         prometheus-serviceMonitorApiserver.yaml
grafana-serviceMonitor.yaml                 prometheus-adapter-clusterRoleBinding.yaml                  prometheus-serviceMonitorCoreDNS.yaml
grafana-service.yaml                        prometheus-adapter-clusterRoleServerResources.yaml          prometheus-serviceMonitorKubeControllerManager.yaml
kube-state-metrics-clusterRoleBinding.yaml  prometheus-adapter-clusterRole.yaml                         prometheus-serviceMonitorKubelet.yaml
kube-state-metrics-clusterRole.yaml         prometheus-adapter-configMap.yaml                           prometheus-serviceMonitorKubeScheduler.yaml
kube-state-metrics-deployment.yaml          prometheus-adapter-deployment.yaml                          prometheus-serviceMonitor.yaml
kube-state-metrics-roleBinding.yaml         prometheus-adapter-roleBindingAuthReader.yaml               prometheus-service.yaml
kube-state-metrics-role.yaml                prometheus-adapter-serviceAccount.yaml                      setup
kube-state-metrics-serviceAccount.yaml      prometheus-adapter-service.yaml
kube-state-metrics-serviceMonitor.yaml      prometheus-clusterRoleBinding.yaml
 
./setup:
0namespace-namespace.yaml                                       prometheus-operator-0prometheusruleCustomResourceDefinition.yaml  prometheus-operator-deployment.yaml
prometheus-operator-0alertmanagerCustomResourceDefinition.yaml  prometheus-operator-0servicemonitorCustomResourceDefinition.yaml  prometheus-operator-serviceAccount.yaml
prometheus-operator-0podmonitorCustomResourceDefinition.yaml    prometheus-operator-clusterRoleBinding.yaml                       prometheus-operator-service.yaml
prometheus-operator-0prometheusCustomResourceDefinition.yaml    prometheus-operator-clusterRole.yaml

ls -R

[root@k8s-32 manifests]# kubectl create -f setup/.
namespace/monitoring created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/alertmanagers.monitoring.coreos.com created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/podmonitors.monitoring.coreos.com created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/prometheuses.monitoring.coreos.com created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/prometheusrules.monitoring.coreos.com created
customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/servicemonitors.monitoring.coreos.com created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-operator created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-operator created
deployment.apps/prometheus-operator created
service/prometheus-operator created
serviceaccount/prometheus-operator created
[root@k8s-32 manifests]# kubectl create -f .
alertmanager.monitoring.coreos.com/main created
secret/alertmanager-main created
service/alertmanager-main created
serviceaccount/alertmanager-main created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/alertmanager created
secret/grafana-datasources created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-apiserver created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-cluster-total created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-controller-manager created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-cluster created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-namespace created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-node created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-pod created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workload created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-k8s-resources-workloads-namespace created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-kubelet created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-pod created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-namespace-by-workload created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-node-cluster-rsrc-use created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-node-rsrc-use created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-nodes created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-persistentvolumesusage created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-pod-total created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-pods created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-prometheus-remote-write created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-prometheus created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-proxy created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-scheduler created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-statefulset created
configmap/grafana-dashboard-workload-total created
configmap/grafana-dashboards created
deployment.apps/grafana created
service/grafana created
serviceaccount/grafana created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/grafana created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-state-metrics created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-state-metrics created
deployment.apps/kube-state-metrics created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-state-metrics created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-state-metrics created
service/kube-state-metrics created
serviceaccount/kube-state-metrics created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/kube-state-metrics created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/node-exporter created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/node-exporter created
daemonset.apps/node-exporter created
service/node-exporter created
serviceaccount/node-exporter created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/node-exporter created
apiservice.apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1.metrics.k8s.io created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-adapter created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:aggregated-metrics-reader created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-adapter created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/resource-metrics:system:auth-delegator created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/resource-metrics-server-resources created
configmap/adapter-config created
deployment.apps/prometheus-adapter created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/resource-metrics-auth-reader created
service/prometheus-adapter created
serviceaccount/prometheus-adapter created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/prometheus-operator created
prometheus.monitoring.coreos.com/k8s created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s-config created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s-config created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus-k8s created
prometheusrule.monitoring.coreos.com/prometheus-k8s-rules created
service/prometheus-k8s created
serviceaccount/prometheus-k8s created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/prometheus created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/kube-apiserver created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/coredns created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/kube-controller-manager created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/kube-scheduler created
servicemonitor.monitoring.coreos.com/kubelet created

kubectl create -f .

　　3、等待部署完成

　kubectl get pod -n monitoring

NAME                                   READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
alertmanager-main-0                    2/2     Running   0          65m
alertmanager-main-1                    2/2     Running   0          65m
alertmanager-main-2                    2/2     Running   0          65m
grafana-7c54b4677d-btwfb               1/1     Running   0          65m
kube-state-metrics-58b656b699-p8m29    3/3     Running   0          65m
node-exporter-rc5mx                    2/2     Running   0          65m
node-exporter-vdzkb                    2/2     Running   0          65m
node-exporter-xzdw2                    2/2     Running   0          65m
prometheus-adapter-7d6f96974c-76m4z    1/1     Running   0          65m
prometheus-k8s-0                       3/3     Running   1          65m
prometheus-k8s-1                       3/3     Running   1          65m
prometheus-operator-5bd99d6457-89n7h   1/1     Running   0          66m

　　4、更改访问模式（ClusterIP => NodePort）

　　　　1）Prometheus

　　　　kubectl edit svc/prometheus-k8s -n monitoring

　　　　2）Alert Manager

　　　　kubectl edit svc/alertmanager-main -n monitoring

　　　　3）Grafana

　　　　kubectl edit svc/grafana -n monitoring

　　5、访问MasterIP:Port，其中Grafana默认用户名和密码都是admin

　　　　

　　　　>>> 普罗米修斯功能强大，目前我也还没有完全掌握，具体应用还需要大家自己深度学习。

作者：Leozhanggg

出处：https://www.cnblogs.com/leozhanggg/p/12661566.html

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