docker 的实践操作
查看版本信息
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker version
- Client:
- Version: 18.09.6
- API version: 1.39
- Go version: go1.10.8
- Git commit: 481bc77156
- Built: Sat May 4 02:34:58 2019
- OS/Arch: linux/amd64
- Experimental: false
- Server: Docker Engine - Community
- Engine:
- Version: 18.09.7
- API version: 1.39 (minimum version 1.12)
- Go version: go1.10.8
- Git commit: 2d0083d
- Built: Thu Jun 27 17:26:28 2019
- OS/Arch: linux/amd64
- Experimental: false
查看帮助
- Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help
- Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
- A self-sufficient runtime for containers
- Options:
- --config string Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
- -D, --debug Enable debug mode
- -H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to
- -l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
- --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
- --tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
- --tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
- --tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
- --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
- -v, --version Print version information and quit
- Management Commands: 最新版本命令分组
- builder Manage builds
- config Manage Docker configs
- container Manage containers
- engine Manage the docker engine
- image Manage images
- network Manage networks
- node Manage Swarm nodes
- plugin Manage plugins
- secret Manage Docker secrets
- service Manage services
- stack Manage Docker stacks
- swarm Manage Swarm
- system Manage Docker
- trust Manage trust on Docker images
- volume Manage volumes
- Commands:
- attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
- build Build an image from a Dockerfile
- commit Create a new image from a container's changes
- cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
- create Create a new container
- diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
- events Get real time events from the server
- exec Run a command in a running container
- export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
- history Show the history of an image
- images List images
- import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
- info Display system-wide information
- inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects
- kill Kill one or more running containers
- load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
- login Log in to a Docker registry
- logout Log out from a Docker registry
- logs Fetch the logs of a container
- pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
- port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
- ps List containers
- pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
- push Push an image or a repository to a registry
- rename Rename a container
- restart Restart one or more containers
- rm Remove one or more containers
- rmi Remove one or more images
- run Run a command in a new container
- save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
- search Search the Docker Hub for images
- start Start one or more stopped containers
- stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
- stop Stop one or more running containers
- tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
- top Display the running processes of a container
- unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
- update Update configuration of one or more containers
- version Show the Docker version information
- wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
- Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
查看docker信息;https://www.cnblogs.com/rdchenxi/p/10674479.html 存储驱动相关信息
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker info
- Containers: 0 所有容器
- Running: 0 运行状态的容器
- Paused: 0 暂停状态
- Stopped: 0 停止状态
- Images: 0 容器镜像的个数
- Server Version: 18.09.7 版本
- Storage Driver: overlay2 存储驱动
- Backing Filesystem: xfs
- Supports d_type: true
- Native Overlay Diff: true
- Logging Driver: json-file
- Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
- Plugins:
- Volume: local
- Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
- Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
- Swarm: inactive
- Runtimes: runc
- Default Runtime: runc
- Init Binary: docker-init
- containerd version: bb71b10fd8f58240ca47fbb579b9d1028eea7c84
- runc version: 2b18fe1d885ee5083ef9f0838fee39b62d653e30
- init version: fec3683
- Security Options:
- seccomp
- Profile: default
- Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
- Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
- OSType: linux
- Architecture: x86_64
- CPUs: 2
- Total Memory: 3.683GiB
- Name: k8s-1
- ID: JIYY:UFEX:ANGL:JOPR:VKFT:V6HG:LRY7:KWUY:36KV:JSAK:U7QY:54YF
- Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
- Debug Mode (client): false
- Debug Mode (server): false
- Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
- Labels:
- Experimental: false
- Insecure Registries:
- 127.0.0.0/8
- Registry Mirrors:
- http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io/
- Live Restore Enabled: false
- Product License: Community Engine
- WARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
- WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled
搜索镜像
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker search nginx
- NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
- nginx Official build of Nginx. 11654 [OK]
- jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con… 1623 [OK]
- richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of… 724 [OK]
- bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image 68 [OK]
- linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS… 65
- tiangolo/nginx-rtmp Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp… 48 [OK]
- nginx/nginx-ingress NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes 20
- nginxdemos/hello NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co… 17 [OK]
- schmunk42/nginx-redirect A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra… 17 [OK]
- jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager 16 [OK]
- crunchgeek/nginx-pagespeed Nginx with PageSpeed + GEO IP + VTS + more_s… 13
- blacklabelops/nginx Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server. 12 [OK]
- centos/nginx-18-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n… 11
- centos/nginx-112-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building … 9
- webdevops/nginx Nginx container 8 [OK]
- nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles 7
- sophos/nginx-vts-exporter Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a… 5 [OK]
- 1science/nginx Nginx Docker images that include Consul Temp… 4 [OK]
- nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter NGINX Prometheus Exporter 4
- mailu/nginx Mailu nginx frontend 3 [OK]
- travix/nginx NGinx reverse proxy 2 [OK]
- pebbletech/nginx-proxy nginx-proxy sets up a container running ngin… 2 [OK]
- wodby/nginx Generic nginx 0 [OK]
- ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb An APB to deploy NGINX 0 [OK]
- centos/nginx-110-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.10 or building … 0
下载镜像操作
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker pull centos # 镜像下载
- Using default tag: latest
- latest: Pulling from library/centos
- 8ba884070f61: Pull complete
- Digest: sha256:ca58fe458b8d94bc6e3072f1cfbd334855858e05e1fd633aa07cf7f82b048e66
- Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker image pull tomcat #镜像下载
- Using default tag: latest
- latest: Pulling from library/tomcat
- 6f2f362378c5: Pull complete
- 494c27a8a6b8: Pull complete
- 7596bb83081b: Pull complete
- 372744b62d49: Pull complete
- fb72767f9beb: Pull complete
- 3fe571af508a: Pull complete
- 3e6725074325: Pull complete
- 9ffd5dadda90: Pull complete
- 846896c59095: Pull complete
- cfe9a252095d: Pull complete
- Digest: sha256:fdc521aa1113dc07e386fa55e69670b76130a7d9490094acd52e9d4f4218e9e1
- Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest
查看本机镜像
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- tomcat latest 7123ec940c88 2 days ago 510MB
- nginx latest f68d6e55e065 4 days ago 109MB
- centos latest 9f38484d220f 3 months ago 202MB
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker image ls
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- tomcat latest 7123ec940c88 2 days ago 510MB
- nginx latest f68d6e55e065 4 days ago 109MB
- centos latest 9f38484d220f 3 months ago 202MB
删除镜像
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker image rm centos
- Untagged: centos:latest
- Untagged: centos@sha256:ca58fe458b8d94bc6e3072f1cfbd334855858e05e1fd633aa07cf7f82b048e66
- Deleted: sha256:9f38484d220fa527b1fb19747638497179500a1bed8bf0498eb788229229e6e1
- Deleted: sha256:d69483a6face4499acb974449d1303591fcbb5cdce5420f36f8a6607bda11854
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker rmi nginx:latest
- Untagged: nginx:latest
- Untagged: nginx@sha256:3abaed99ee6cb6140cb10110422cf1ece83c49ad63f7c27708994fceda565e80
- Deleted: sha256:f68d6e55e06520f152403e6d96d0de5c9790a89b4cfc99f4626f68146fa1dbdc
- Deleted: sha256:1b0c768769e2bb66e74a205317ba531473781a78b77feef8ea6fd7be7f4044e1
- Deleted: sha256:34138fb60020a180e512485fb96fd42e286fb0d86cf1fa2506b11ff6b945b03f
- Deleted: sha256:cf5b3c6798f77b1f78bf4e297b27cfa5b6caa982f04caeb5de7d13c255fd7a1e
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker images
- REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
- tomcat latest 7123ec940c88 2 days ago 510MB
容器的操作
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker container
- Usage: docker container COMMAND
- Manage containers
- Commands:
- attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
- commit Create a new image from a container's changes
- cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
- create Create a new container
- diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
- exec Run a command in a running container
- export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
- inspect Display detailed information on one or more containers
- kill Kill one or more running containers
- logs Fetch the logs of a container
- ls List containers
- pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
- port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
- prune Remove all stopped containers
- rename Rename a container
- restart Restart one or more containers
- rm Remove one or more containers
- run Run a command in a new container
- start Start one or more stopped containers
- stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
- stop Stop one or more running containers
- top Display the running processes of a container
- unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
- update Update configuration of one or more containers
- wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
- Run 'docker container COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
查看本机容器
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker ps
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker container ls
- CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
启动一个容器
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker run --name b1 -it busybox # 交互进入
- / #
查看本机docker网络
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker network ls
- NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
- 62a3329169cf bridge bridge local
- fe7f27a4396a host host local
- d72117fcea57 none null local
查看容器日志
- [root@k8s-1 ~]# docker container logs nginx
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