1.nginx安装和配置

1.安装

1.1安装编译工具及库文件

yum -y install make zlib zlib-devel gcc-c++ libtool  openssl openssl-devel wget

1.2安装 PCRE

PCRE 作用是让 Nginx 支持 Rewrite 功能。

1、下载 PCRE 安装包，下载地址： http://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.35.tar.gz

2、解压安装包:

tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

cd pcre-8.35

4、编译安装

./configure
make && make install

5、查看pcre版本

pcre-config --version

1.3安装Nginx

1、下载 Nginx，下载地址：http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

cd /usr/local/src/

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

2、解开安装包

tar zxvf nginx-.tar.gz

3、进入安装包目录

cd /usr/local/src/nginx-

4、编译安装

编译参数视使用场景而定,这里需要使用tcp负载均衡  所以编译了stream模块

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.35 --with-stream
make
make install

5、加入环境变量

vim /etc/profile

在后面导入nginx的安装路径
export NGINX_HOME=/usr/local/nginx
export PATH=$PATH:$NGINX_HOME/sbin

刷新配置source /etc/profile

6、查看nginx版本

查看版本:
nginx -v
查看详细信息:
nginx -V

2.配置Nginx

1、配置文件路径

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

2、配置文件样例(为方便编辑,可用xftp下载下来配置好后传上去)

user  nginx;
worker_processes  ;

error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  ;
}

http {
    include       /usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  ;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream honeysuckle {
      ip_hash;
      server ;
      server ;
      server ;
    }
    server{
      listen ;
      location / {
        proxy_pass  http://honeysuckle;
      }
    }

    upstream rabbitmqweb {
      ip_hash;
      server ;
      server ;
      server ;
    }
    server{
      listen ;
      location / {
        proxy_pass  http://rabbitmqweb;
      }
    }

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

stream{
    upstream rabbitmq{
        server 192.168.161.200:5672 weight=1;
        server 192.168.161.201:5672 weight=1;
        server 192.168.161.202:5672 weight=1;
    }
    server{
        listen 5672;
        proxy_pass rabbitmq;
    }
}

3、添加nginx用户组

说明：如不添加在启动时会提示  getpwnam("nginx") failed   检查配置文件也不会通过

　　　这里创建的用户是你安装Nginx时，预编译时指定的Nginx用户(1.3 第四条的编译参数)

useradd nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M

4、测试配置文件的正确性

nginx -t

返回如下信息,表示配置文件语法正确

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

3.配置开机启动

1.1 进入到/lib/systemd/system/目录

cd /lib/systemd/system/

1.2 创建nginx.service文件，并编辑

vim nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx service
After=network.target 

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true 

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

1.3设置启用开机启动和禁止开机启动

systemctl enable nginx
systemctl disable nginx

1.4 其他常用命令

systemctl start nginx.service　         启动nginx服务
systemctl stop nginx.service　          停止服务
systemctl restart nginx.service　       重新启动服务
systemctl list-units --type=service     查看所有已启动的服务
systemctl status nginx.service          查看服务当前状态
systemctl enable nginx.service          设置开机自启动
systemctl disable nginx.service         停止开机自启动

4.常见问题

1.1 open() "/var/run/nginx.pid" failed (2: No such file or directory)

sudo nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx -s reload

1.2 查看已经安装的模块

[root@loadbalancing ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/
built by gcc   (Red Hat -) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL  Jan
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib64/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector-strong --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -grecord-gcc-switches -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --with-ld-opt='-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now -pie'