简单实现python接口自动化（一）

目的：excel中维护接口用例数据，通过python中requests库进行读取用例，并把运行结果与excel中的预期结果对比，最后把执行情况写入到excel中去。

excel维护数据：

具体的接口名跟参数名根据你实际的测试的接口决定。我这边自己维护的excel列分别是编号，用例名称、请求方式、请求地址、请求参数、请求头、预期结果、实际结果、是否通过。

代码展示:

import xlrd
import xlwt
import requests
import json
from xlutils.copy import copy

def xls_open(filename):
    workBook = xlrd.open_workbook(filename, formatting_info=True)  # 1、打开文件
    return workBook

def xls_getRow(sheet, row):
    data = {}
    data["method"] = sheet.cell_value(row, 2)
    data["url"] = sheet.cell_value(row, 3)
    data["param"] = sheet.cell_value(row, 4)
    data["header"] = sheet.cell_value(row, 5)
    data["expect"] = sheet.cell_value(row, 6)
    return data

def xls_request(data):
    if data['method'] == 'get':
        result = requests.get(data['url'], data['param'])
    elif data['method'] == 'post':
        # headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"}
        # headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf8"}
        response = requests.post(data['url'], data=json.loads(data["param"]), headers=json.loads(data["header"]))
        result = response.text
    else:
        print("Unknown method " + data["method"])

    return result

def xls_set(sheet, row, col, value, red=False):
    style = "font:colour_index red;"
    if not red:
        sheet.write(row, col, value)
    else:
        sheet.write(row, col, value, xlwt.easyxf(style))

def xls_save(book, filepath):
    book.save(filepath)

def doSheet(brd, bwt, sheetIndex):
    brd_sheet = brd.sheets()[sheetIndex]  # 获取excel单页
    bwt_sheet = bwt.get_sheet(sheetIndex)
    count_row = brd_sheet.nrows  # 获取行数
    for i in range(1, count_row):
        data = xls_getRow(brd_sheet, i)
        result = xls_request(data)

        if data["expect"] == result:
            xls_set(bwt_sheet, i, 8, 'pass', False)
            xls_set(bwt_sheet, i, 7, result)
        else:
            xls_set(bwt_sheet, i, 8, 'fail', True)
            xls_set(bwt_sheet, i, 7, result)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    brd = xls_open(r'test_interface.xls')  # 打开文件
    bwt = copy(brd)  # copy一份一样的excel文件
    doSheet(brd, bwt, 0)  # 执行文件
    xls_save(bwt, 'test_result.xls')  # 保存文件

转载：https://www.jianshu.com/p/0c2d66c4a892
总结：首先感谢这个作者的分享，我实际在操作过程中发现，excel中若维护的header类型不同，则这代码整体是有问题的，这个代码只适合接口的请求头是一致的，大家需要注意的是从excel读取出的是参数，预期结果都是字符串类型，根据实际需要来进行转化字典。