如何搭建MVC + EF 框架

1、搭建MVC框架

1.1 VS2010：需要安装WPI 安装 ASP.NET MVC 4 和Visual Studio 2010 系统必备组件

如果上述链接无法打开，请访问：http://www.asp.net/mvc/tutorials/mvc-4/getting-started-with-aspnet-mvc4/intro-to-aspnet-mvc-4

如果VS2010 创建Web项目时，出现ASP.NET MVC 4 Web Application ,说明组件安装成功。

1.2 VS2012：无需安装任何组件

2、搭建EF框架

2.1 用SQL脚本创建数据库OumindBlog

USE [OumindBlog]
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Enumeration](
 [e_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
 [e_ename] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [e_cname] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [e_type] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [e_remark] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,
 [e_addtime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 [e_delflag] [bit] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_enumeration] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
 [e_id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'枚举表id' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Enumeration', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'e_id'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'枚举英文名' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Enumeration', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'e_ename'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'枚举中文名' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Enumeration', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'e_cname'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'父枚举id' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Enumeration', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'e_type'
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[BlogUser](
 [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
 [LoginName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [LoginPwd] [char](32) NOT NULL,
 [CnName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [Email] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [IsLock] [int] NOT NULL,
 [IsDel] [bit] NOT NULL,
 [AddTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 [LastLoginTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_BlogUser] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
 [Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING OFF
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'用户表主键ID' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Id'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'登录名' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'LoginName'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'密码(md5_取16位)' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'LoginPwd'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'中文名' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'CnName'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'邮件地址' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Email'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'锁定标志' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'IsLock'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'删除标志' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'IsDel'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'新增时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AddTime'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'最后登录时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogUser', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'LastLoginTime'
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate](
 [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
 [Author] [int] NOT NULL,
 [Name] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
 [Remark] [nvarchar](200) NULL,
 [Statu] [int] NOT NULL,
 [IsDel] [bit] NOT NULL,
 [Addtime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_blog_article_cate] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
 [Id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'文章类别表' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Id'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'作者id' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Author'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'博客分类名称' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Name'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'博客分类介绍' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Remark'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'状态 1-公开2-隐藏3-好友公开' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Statu'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'删除标志' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'IsDel'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'新增时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticleCate', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Addtime'
GO

SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle](
 [AId] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
 [ACate] [int] NOT NULL,
 [AAuthor] [int] NOT NULL,
 [ATitle] [nvarchar](100) NOT NULL,
 [AContent] [ntext] NOT NULL,
 [AImgsrc] [nvarchar](200) NULL,
 [APlnum] [int] NOT NULL,
 [AAllowPL] [bit] NOT NULL,
 [AIsTop] [bit] NOT NULL,
 [ATag] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
 [ACick] [int] NOT NULL,
 [AStatu] [int] NOT NULL,
 [AAddtime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 [AUpdatetime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
 [AIsDel] [bit] NOT NULL,
 [AHtmlSrc] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_blog_article] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
 [AId] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'文章表ID' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AId'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'所属类别' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ACate'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'作者' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AAuthor'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'标题' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ATitle'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'文章内容' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AContent'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'评论数' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'APlnum'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'是否允许评论' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AAllowPL'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'是否置顶' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AIsTop'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'文章标签' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ATag'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'点击次数' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'ACick'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'状态 1-公开2-隐藏3-好友公开' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AStatu'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'创建时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AAddtime'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'最后修改时间' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AUpdatetime'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'删除标志' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AIsDel'
GO
EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'用来保存这篇文章的静态页面地址' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'BlogArticle', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'AHtmlSrc'
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogArticle_APlnum]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [APlnum]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_AllowPL]  DEFAULT ((1)) FOR [AAllowPL]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_IsTop]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [AIsTop]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogArticle_ACick]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [ACick]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_Satu]  DEFAULT ((2)) FOR [AStatu]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_Addtime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [AAddtime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogArticle_Updatetime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [AUpdatetime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_IsDel]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [AIsDel]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_cate_Statu]  DEFAULT ((1)) FOR [Statu]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_blog_article_cate_Delflag]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [IsDel]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogArticleCate_Addtime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [Addtime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogUser] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogUser_IsLock]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [IsLock]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogUser] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogUser_IsDel]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [IsDel]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogUser] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogUser_AddTime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [AddTime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogUser] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_BlogUser_LastLoginTime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [LastLoginTime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enumeration] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_enumeration_e_addtime]  DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [e_addtime]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enumeration] ADD  CONSTRAINT [DF_enumeration_e_delflag]  DEFAULT ((0)) FOR [e_delflag]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_BlogArticleCate] FOREIGN KEY([ACate])
REFERENCES [dbo].[BlogArticleCate] ([Id])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_BlogArticleCate]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_BlogUser] FOREIGN KEY([AAuthor])
REFERENCES [dbo].[BlogUser] ([Id])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_BlogUser]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_Enumeration] FOREIGN KEY([AStatu])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Enumeration] ([e_id])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticle] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticle_Enumeration]
GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticleCate_BlogUser] FOREIGN KEY([Author])
REFERENCES [dbo].[BlogUser] ([Id])
GO
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[BlogArticleCate] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_BlogArticleCate_BlogUser]
GO

2.2 用VS2010创建一个MVC程序

点击“确定”

选择 “Empty”

  2.3 创建OumindBlog.edmx文件

路径：项目->添加新项

选择  数据 - ADO.NET 实体数据模型，然后把名称改为 OumindBlog

选中从数据库生成，点击下一步

把连接字符串名称改为 “BlogContext”

在红框中打勾

发现View文件夹下多了一个OumindBlog.edmx 文件

   2.4 添加 EntityFrame 程序包

路径 ：项目 ->管理NuGet程序包

首先，需要从 NuGet 获取实体框架的最新版本。

• “项目”–>“管理 NuGet 程序包…” 如果没有“管理 NuGet 程序包...”选项，则应安装 NuGet 的最新版本，

  如果链接无法打开，请访问：http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/data/jj206878 或者 http://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/27077b70-9dad-4c64-adcf-c7cf6bc9970c

• 选择“联机”选项卡
• 选择“EntityFramework”程序包
• 单击“安装”

点击“安装”

点击“我接受”

如果EF程序包已安装，再次打开安装，可以看到程序包右上角有个绿色的对勾，说明程序包已安装。

2.5 添加 EF 5.x DbContext Generator for C# 模板

双击OumindBlog.edmx文件，在空白处点右键，选择“添加代码生成项...”

选择“EF 5.x DbContext Generator for C#”，输入名称 OumindBlog，然后单击“添加”

从左侧菜单中选择“联机模板”，然后搜索“DbContext”

添加完后，View文件夹下多了两个文件,一个是OumindBlog.Context.tt,另一个是OumindBlog.tt。

搭建EF框架需要三个文件和两个组件

A、三个文件：OumindBlog.Context.tt、OumindBlog.tt 和 OumindBlog.edmx

B、两个组件：EntityFrame程序包 和 EF 5.x DbContext Generator for C#

3、编写代码

3.1 在编写代码前，增加一个控制器HomeControllers(HomeController.cs)和一个View(Index.cshtml)

3.2 打开HomeController.cs 文件

 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Web;
 using System.Web.Mvc;

 namespace MvcTest.Controllers
 {
     public class HomeController : Controller
     {
         #region 0.1 Action方法 + ActionResult Index()
         /// <summary>
         /// Action方法
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns></returns>
         BlogContext db = new BlogContext();
         public ActionResult Index()
         {
             System.Text.StringBuilder sbhtml = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
             List<BlogArticle> list = (from d in db.BlogArticles where d.AIsDel == false select d).ToList();
             list.ForEach(d =>
             {
                 sbhtml.AppendLine("<div>" + d.ATitle.ToString() + "</div>");
             });

             ViewBag.HtmlStr = sbhtml.ToString();

             return View();
         }
         #endregion
     }
 }

在Index方法上单击右键，选择添加“视图”。

把CheckBox的勾去掉，点击“添加”。

3.3 打开Index.cshtml文件，路径：Views->Home->Index.cshtml

 @{
     Layout = null;
 }

 <!DOCTYPE html>

 <html>
 <head>
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
     <title>Index</title>
 </head>
 <body>
     <!--Html.Raw只打印出Html标签中的内容，ViewBag.HtmlStr从ViewBag中取数据并显示Html标签和内容-->
     @Html.Raw(ViewBag.HtmlStr)
 </body>
 </html>

3.4 运行结果

在解决方案资源管理器中，选择MvcTest,点击“右键”，选中在浏览器中查看或者按快捷键 Ctrl + Shift + W