Mysql备份与还原实例

一、备份数据库

----清空一下日志

mysql> reset master;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

----查看一下echo表的存储引擎

mysql> show table status like 'echo' \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

           Name: echo

         Engine: InnoDB

        Version: 10

     Row_format: Compact

           Rows: 3

 Avg_row_length: 5461

    Data_length: 16384

Max_data_length: 0

   Index_length: 0

      Data_free: 94371840

 Auto_increment: NULL

    Create_time: 2013-09-23 16:45:31

    Update_time: NULL

     Check_time: NULL

      Collation: utf8_general_ci

       Checksum: NULL

 Create_options:

        Comment:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

----开始备份

[root@rhel5 dump]# mysqldump -u root -p --skip-opt --quick --extended-insert=false --single-transaction --master-data=2 --databases jack > /mysql/mysql5.5/dump/echo.sql

Enter password:

[root@rhel5 dump]# ll

总计 4

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1558 09-23 21:47 echo.sql

---查看备份出来的sql

[root@rhel5 dump]# more echo.sql

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.22, for Linux (i686)

--

-- Host: localhost    Database: jack

-- ------------------------------------------------------

-- Server version    5.5.22-log

/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;

/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--

-- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from

--

-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=107;

--

-- Current Database: `jack`

--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `jack` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `jack`;

--

-- Table structure for table `echo`

--

/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;

/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;

CREATE TABLE `echo` (

  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `msg` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL

);

/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--

-- Dumping data for table `echo`

--

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'aaa');

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'bbb');

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'人');

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;

/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;

/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;

/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2013-09-23 21:47:55

二、对表进行修改，然后删除

----插入一下内容

mysql> insert into echo values(4,'ccc');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into echo values(5,'ddd');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from echo;

+------+------+

| id   | msg  |

+------+------+

|    1 | aaa  |

|    1 | bbb  |

|    1 | 人   |

|    4 | ccc  |

|    5 | ddd  |

+------+------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop table echo;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> select * from echo;

ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'jack.echo' doesn't exist

三、查看表删除的位置

mysql> show binary logs;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |       593 |

+------------------+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush logs;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show binlog events;

+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| Log_name         | Pos | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                    |

+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |   4 | Format_desc |         1 |         107 | Server ver: 5.5.22-log, Binlog ver: 4                   |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 107 | Query       |         1 |         175 | BEGIN                                                   |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 175 | Query       |         1 |         270 | use `jack`; insert into echo values(4,'ccc')            |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 270 | Xid         |         1 |         297 | COMMIT /* xid=176 */                                    |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 297 | Query       |         1 |         365 | BEGIN                                                   |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 365 | Query       |         1 |         460 | use `jack`; insert into echo values(5,'ddd')            |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 460 | Xid         |         1 |         487 | COMMIT /* xid=177 */                                    |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 487 | Query       |         1 |         593 | use `jack`; DROP TABLE `echo` /* generated by server */ |

| mysql-bin.000001 | 593 | Rotate      |         1 |         636 | mysql-bin.000002;pos=4                                  |

+------------------+-----+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

----从上面可以看出drop table 是在487----

mysql> show binary logs;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |       636 |

| mysql-bin.000002 |       107 |

+------------------+-----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000001' \G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 4

 Event_type: Format_desc

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 107

       Info: Server ver: 5.5.22-log, Binlog ver: 4

*************************** 2. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 107

 Event_type: Query

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 175

       Info: BEGIN

*************************** 3. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 175

 Event_type: Query

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 270

       Info: use `jack`; insert into echo values(4,'ccc')

*************************** 4. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 270

 Event_type: Xid

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 297

       Info: COMMIT /* xid=176 */

*************************** 5. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 297

 Event_type: Query

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 365

       Info: BEGIN

*************************** 6. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 365

 Event_type: Query

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 460

       Info: use `jack`; insert into echo values(5,'ddd')

*************************** 7. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 460

 Event_type: Xid

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 487

       Info: COMMIT /* xid=177 */

*************************** 8. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 487

 Event_type: Query

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 593

       Info: use `jack`; DROP TABLE `echo` /* generated by server */

*************************** 9. row ***************************

   Log_name: mysql-bin.000001

        Pos: 593

 Event_type: Rotate

  Server_id: 1

End_log_pos: 636

       Info: mysql-bin.000002;pos=4

9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

四、查看备份的位置

[root@rhel5 dump]# more echo.sql

-- MySQL dump 10.13  Distrib 5.5.22, for Linux (i686)

--

-- Host: localhost    Database: jack

-- ------------------------------------------------------

-- Server version    5.5.22-log

/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;

/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;

/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;

--

-- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from

--

-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=107;

--

-- Current Database: `jack`

--

CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `jack` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;

USE `jack`;

--

-- Table structure for table `echo`

--

/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;

/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;

CREATE TABLE `echo` (

  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `msg` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL

);

/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

--

-- Dumping data for table `echo`

--

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'aaa');

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'bbb');

INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'人');

/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;

/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;

/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;

/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

-- Dump completed on 2013-09-23 21:47:55

[root@rhel5 dump]# grep "CHANGE MASTER" ./echo.sql

-- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=107;

五、还原数据库

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| jack               |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

| test               |

+--------------------+

5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

----因为没有测试库，所以只能把jack数据库给删除掉

mysql> drop database jack;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

----还原数据库

[root@rhel5 dump]# mysql -u root -p < ./echo.sql

Enter password: 

mysql> use jack

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show tables;

+----------------+

| Tables_in_jack |

+----------------+

| echo           |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

---已经还原到表被修改之前

mysql> select * from echo;

+------+------+

| id   | msg  |

+------+------+

|    1 | aaa  |

|    1 | bbb  |

|    1 | 人   |

+------+------+

3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show binary logs;

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name         | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 |       636 |

| mysql-bin.000002 |      1065 |

+------------------+-----------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000002';

+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Log_name         | Pos  | Event_type  | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                                                               |

+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000002 |    4 | Format_desc |         1 |         107 | Server ver: 5.5.22-log, Binlog ver: 4                                                              |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  107 | Query       |         1 |         188 | drop database jack                                                                                 |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  188 | Query       |         1 |         337 | CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `jack` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */             |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  337 | Query       |         1 |         486 | use `jack`; CREATE TABLE `echo` (

  `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,

  `msg` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL

) |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  486 | Query       |         1 |         554 | BEGIN                                                                                              |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  554 | Query       |         1 |         652 | use `jack`; INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'aaa')                                                    |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  652 | Xid         |         1 |         679 | COMMIT /* xid=206 */                                                                               |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  679 | Query       |         1 |         747 | BEGIN                                                                                              |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  747 | Query       |         1 |         845 | use `jack`; INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'bbb')                                                    |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  845 | Xid         |         1 |         872 | COMMIT /* xid=207 */                                                                               |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  872 | Query       |         1 |         940 | BEGIN                                                                                              |

| mysql-bin.000002 |  940 | Query       |         1 |        1038 | use `jack`; INSERT INTO `echo` VALUES (1,'人')                                                     |

| mysql-bin.000002 | 1038 | Xid         |         1 |        1065 | COMMIT /* xid=208 */                                                                               |

+------------------+------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

13 rows in set (0.00 sec)

六、恢复数据库

[root@rhel5 data]# mysqlbinlog -u root -p --start-position=107 --stop-position=487 -vv ./mysql-bin.000001 | mysql -u root -p

Enter password: Enter password:

123456

mysql> select * from echo;

+------+------+

| id   | msg  |

+------+------+

|    1 | aaa  |

|    1 | bbb  |

|    1 | 人   |

|    4 | ccc  |

|    5 | ddd  |

+------+------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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