Oracle外键不加索引会引起死锁问题

转载链接：http://www.jb51.net/article/50161.htm

这篇文章主要介绍了Oracle外键不加索引引起死锁的情况及解决,需要的朋友可以参考下

--创建一个表，此表作为子表



create table fk_t as select * from user_objects;



delete from fk_t where object_id is null;



commit;



--创建一个表，此表作为父表



create table pk_t as select * from user_objects;



delete from pk_t where object_id is null;



commit;



--创建父表的主键



alter table PK_t add constraint pk_pktable primary key (OBJECT_ID);



--创建子表的外键



alter table FK_t add constraint fk_fktable foreign key (OBJECT_ID) references pk_t (OBJECT_ID);




--session1:执行一个删除操作，这时候在子表和父表上都加了一个Row-S(SX)锁



delete from fk_t where object_id=100;



delete from pk_t where object_id=100;



--session2:执行另一个删除操作，发现这时候第二个删除语句等待



delete from fk_t where object_id=200;



delete from pk_t where object_id=200;



--回到session1:死锁马上发生



delete from pk_t where object_id=100;



session2中报错：



SQL> delete from pk_table where object_id=200;

delete from pk_table where object_id=200

*

第 1 行出现错误:



ORA-00060: 等待资源时检测到死锁



当对子表的外键列添加索引后，死锁被消除，因为这时删除父表记录不需要对子表加表级锁。



--为外键建立索引



create index ind_pk_object_id on fk_t(object_id) nologging;



--重复上面的操作session1



delete from fk_t where object_id=100;



delete from pk_t where object_id=100;



--session2



delete from fk_t where object_id=200;



delete from pk_t where object_id=200;



--回到session1不会发生死锁



delete from pk_t where object_id=100;

关于外键不加索引引起死锁的详细分析参考http://blog.csdn.net/robinson1988/article/details/38421991

经过验证，如果外键不加索引的确会出现死锁。因此，外键务必添加索引。