Akka-CQRS(12)- akka-http for http-web-service: Routing-服务项目接口
上篇提到,按当前对web-service功能需要,我们需要完成数据转换marshalling,服务接口routing这两部分的调研和示范。上篇已经完成了对序列化marshalling的讨论,这篇就介绍一下routing了。akka-http提供了一套功能强大,使用又很方便的Routing DSL。Route是个类型:
type Route = RequestContext ⇒ Future[RouteResult]
实际上就是个把HttpRequest转换成HttpResponse的函数。举个例子:
val route: Flow[HttpRequest, HttpResponse, NotUsed]=
get {
pathSingleSlash {
complete(HttpEntity(ContentTypes.`text/html(UTF-8)`,"<html><body>Hello world!</body></html>"))
} ~
path("ping") {
complete("PONG!")
} ~
path("crash") {
sys.error("BOOM!")
}
}
这个route是个handler Flow, 但Route可以用RouteResult.route2HandlerFlow转换成Flow:
/**
* Turns a `Route` into a server flow.
*
* This conversion is also implicitly available through [[RouteResult#route2HandlerFlow]].
*/
def handlerFlow(route: Route)(implicit
routingSettings: RoutingSettings,
parserSettings: ParserSettings,
materializer: Materializer,
routingLog: RoutingLog,
executionContext: ExecutionContextExecutor = null,
rejectionHandler: RejectionHandler = RejectionHandler.default,
exceptionHandler: ExceptionHandler = null): Flow[HttpRequest, HttpResponse, NotUsed] =
Flow[HttpRequest].mapAsync(1)(asyncHandler(route)) ... implicit def route2HandlerFlow(route: Route)(
implicit
routingSettings: RoutingSettings,
parserSettings: ParserSettings,
materializer: Materializer,
routingLog: RoutingLog,
executionContext: ExecutionContext = null,
rejectionHandler: RejectionHandler = RejectionHandler.default,
exceptionHandler: ExceptionHandler = null
): Flow[HttpRequest, HttpResponse, NotUsed] =
Route.handlerFlow(route)
route是由Directive类组合而成的一个决策树decision-tree。get、path、pathSingleSlash等都是Directive, 如:
def path[L](pm: PathMatcher[L]): Directive[L] = pathPrefix(pm ~ PathEnd)
然后complete返回Route类:
def complete(m: ⇒ ToResponseMarshallable): StandardRoute =
StandardRoute(_.complete(m))
...
abstract class StandardRoute extends Route {
def toDirective[L: Tuple]: Directive[L] = StandardRoute.toDirective(this)
}
Directive的主要功能就是对HttpRequest的Uri进行解析,找出具体的服务接口点,已经对entity里的数据进行调取。
Route是一种可组合组件。我们可以用简单的Route组合成更多层次的Route。下面是组合Route的几种方式:
1、Route转化:对输入的request,输出的response进行转化处理后把实际运算托付给下一层内部(inner)Route
2、筛选Route:只容许符合某种条件的Route通过并拒绝其它不符合条件的Route
3、链接Route:假如一个Route被拒绝,尝试下一个Route。这个是通过 ~ 操作符号实现的
在Akka-http的routing DSL里这些Route组合操作是通过Directive实现的。Akka-http提供了大量现成的Directive,我们也可以自定义一些特殊功能的Directive,详情可以查询官方文件或者api文件。
Directive的表达形式如下:
dirname(arguments) { extractions =>
... // 内层inner route
}
下面是Directive的一些用例:
下面的三个route效果相等:
val route: Route = { ctx =>
if (ctx.request.method == HttpMethods.GET)
ctx.complete("Received GET")
else
ctx.complete("Received something else")
}
val route =
get {
complete("Received GET")
} ~
complete("Received something else")
val route =
get { ctx =>
ctx.complete("Received GET")
} ~
complete("Received something else")
下面列出一些Directive的组合例子:
val route: Route =
path("order" / IntNumber) { id =>
get {
complete {
"Received GET request for order " + id
}
} ~
put {
complete {
"Received PUT request for order " + id
}
}
} def innerRoute(id: Int): Route =
get {
complete {
"Received GET request for order " + id
}
} ~
put {
complete {
"Received PUT request for order " + id
}
}
val route: Route = path("order" / IntNumber) { id => innerRoute(id) } val route =
path("order" / IntNumber) { id =>
(get | put) { ctx =>
ctx.complete(s"Received ${ctx.request.method.name} request for order $id")
}
} val route =
path("order" / IntNumber) { id =>
(get | put) {
extractMethod { m =>
complete(s"Received ${m.name} request for order $id")
}
}
} val getOrPut = get | put
val route =
path("order" / IntNumber) { id =>
getOrPut {
extractMethod { m =>
complete(s"Received ${m.name} request for order $id")
}
}
} val route =
(path("order" / IntNumber) & getOrPut & extractMethod) { (id, m) =>
complete(s"Received ${m.name} request for order $id")
} val orderGetOrPutWithMethod =
path("order" / IntNumber) & (get | put) & extractMethod
val route =
orderGetOrPutWithMethod { (id, m) =>
complete(s"Received ${m.name} request for order $id")
}
我们可以从上面这些示范例子得出结论:Directive的组合能力是routing DSL的核心。来看看Directive的组合能力是如何实现的。Directive类定义如下:
//#basic
abstract class Directive[L](implicit val ev: Tuple[L]) { /**
* Calls the inner route with a tuple of extracted values of type `L`.
*
* `tapply` is short for "tuple-apply". Usually, you will use the regular `apply` method instead,
* which is added by an implicit conversion (see `Directive.addDirectiveApply`).
*/
def tapply(f: L ⇒ Route): Route
...
}
/**
* Constructs a directive from a function literal.
*/
def apply[T: Tuple](f: (T ⇒ Route) ⇒ Route): Directive[T] =
new Directive[T] { def tapply(inner: T ⇒ Route) = f(inner) } /**
* A Directive that always passes the request on to its inner route (i.e. does nothing).
*/
val Empty: Directive0 = Directive(_(()))
...
implicit class SingleValueModifiers[T](underlying: Directive1[T]) extends AnyRef {
def map[R](f: T ⇒ R)(implicit tupler: Tupler[R]): Directive[tupler.Out] =
underlying.tmap { case Tuple1(value) ⇒ f(value) } def flatMap[R: Tuple](f: T ⇒ Directive[R]): Directive[R] =
underlying.tflatMap { case Tuple1(value) ⇒ f(value) } def require(predicate: T ⇒ Boolean, rejections: Rejection*): Directive0 =
underlying.filter(predicate, rejections: _*).tflatMap(_ ⇒ Empty) def filter(predicate: T ⇒ Boolean, rejections: Rejection*): Directive1[T] =
underlying.tfilter({ case Tuple1(value) ⇒ predicate(value) }, rejections: _*)
}
}
注意Directive.apply参数f: (T =>Route)=>Route), 代表 dirname (args){extractions => ...} 这样的构建函数款式。还有implicit ev: Tuple[L]是给compiler的证例,它要求Tuple[L]存在于可视域。Akka-http提供了所有22个TupleXX[L]的隐形实例。再注意implicit class singleValueModifiers[T]:它提供了多层Directive的自动展平,能够实现下面的自动转换结果:
Directive1[T] = Directive[Tuple1[T]]
Directive1[Tuple2[M,N]] = Directive[Tuple1[Tuple2[M,N]]] = Directive[Tuple2[M,N]]
Directive1[Tuple3[M,N,G]] = ... = Directive[Tuple3[M,N,G]]
Directive1[Tuple4[M1,M2,M3,M4]] = ... = Directive[Tuple4[M1,M2,M3,M4]]
...
Directive1[Unit] = Directive0
Directive1,Directive0:
type Directive0 = Directive[Unit]
type Directive1[T] = Directive[Tuple1[T]]
下面是这几种Directive的使用模式:
dirname { route } //Directive0
dirname[L] { L => route } //Directive1[L]
dirname[T] { (T1,T2...) => route} //Directive[T]
任何类型值到Tuple的自动转换是通过Tupler类实现的:
/**
* Provides a way to convert a value into an Tuple.
* If the value is already a Tuple then it is returned unchanged, otherwise it's wrapped in a Tuple1 instance.
*/
trait Tupler[T] {
type Out
def OutIsTuple: Tuple[Out]
def apply(value: T): Out
} object Tupler extends LowerPriorityTupler {
implicit def forTuple[T: Tuple]: Tupler[T] { type Out = T } =
new Tupler[T] {
type Out = T
def OutIsTuple = implicitly[Tuple[Out]]
def apply(value: T) = value
}
} private[server] abstract class LowerPriorityTupler {
implicit def forAnyRef[T]: Tupler[T] { type Out = Tuple1[T] } =
new Tupler[T] {
type Out = Tuple1[T]
def OutIsTuple = implicitly[Tuple[Out]]
def apply(value: T) = Tuple1(value)
}
}
好了,还是回到具体的Uri解析上来吧。在POS例子里需要上传的指令款式如下:
http://192.168.11.189:2588/pos/logon?shopid=1101&opr=1010
http://192.168.11.189:2588/pos/logoff?shopid=1101
http://192.168.11.189:2588/pos/logsales?shopid=1101&acct=001&dpt=01&code=978111&qty=3&price=1200
http://192.168.11.189:2588/pos/shopid=1101&subtotal?level=0
http://192.168.11.189:2588/pos/shopid=1101&discount?disctype=2&grouped=true&code=481&percent=20
基本上全部是Uri Path解析的工作。下面是具体的Route示范:
val route =
(pathPrefix("pos-on-cloud") & get) {
((pathSuffix("logon") & parameters('shopid.as[Int], 'opr)){ (id, op) =>
complete(s"logon: shopid=$id and opr=$op")
}
~ (pathSuffix("logoff") & parameter('shopid.as[Int])){ id =>
complete(s"logoff: shopid=$id")
}
~ (pathSuffix("logsales") & parameters(
'shopid.as[Int],
'acct,
'dpt,
'code,
'qty.as[Int],
'price.as[Int]
)){ (id,acct,dpt,code,qty,price) =>
complete(s"logsales: shopid=$id,$acct,$dpt,$code,$qty,$price")
}
~ (pathSuffix("subtotal") & parameters('shopid.as[Int],'level)){ (id,l) =>
complete(s"subtotal: shopid=$id, level=$l")
}
)
}
用browser来测试:
http://192.168.11.189:8011/pos-on-cloud/logsales?shopid=1101&acct=001&dpt=01&code=978111&qty=3&price=1200 logsales: shopid=,,,,,
没错,解析正确!
Akka-CQRS(12)- akka-http for http-web-service: Routing-服务项目接口的更多相关文章
- Node.js 从零开发 web server博客项目[接口]
web server博客项目 Node.js 从零开发 web server博客项目[项目介绍] Node.js 从零开发 web server博客项目[接口] Node.js 从零开发 web se ...
- Web Service 的服务端的引用
1.先说说服务端的引用 先写一个Web Service 的文件 上图 创建一个web 项目或者网站 然后添加新项 创建一个web服务 得到 下面的页面 然后运行起来 然后复制下地址 接下来创建另一 ...
- 构建安全的Xml Web Service系列之初探使用Soap头
原文:构建安全的Xml Web Service系列之初探使用Soap头 Xml Web Service 从诞生那天就说自己都么都么好,还津津乐道的说internet也会因此而进入一个新纪元,可5年多来 ...
- Web Service学习笔记(webservice、soap、wsdl、jws详细分析)
Web Service概述 Web Service的定义 W3C组织对其的定义如下,它是一个软件系统,为了支持跨网络的机器间相互操作交互而设计.Web Service服务通常被定义为一组模块化的API ...
- Web Service学习笔记
Web Service概述 Web Service的定义 W3C组织对其的定义如下,它是一个软件系统,为了支持跨网络的机器间相互操作交互而设计.Web Service服务通常被定义为一组模块化的API ...
- Web Service学习笔记(webservice、soap、wsdl、jws详细分析) (转)
Web Service概述 Web Service的定义 W3C组织对其的定义如下,它是一个软件系统,为了支持跨网络的机器间相互操作交互而设计.Web Service服务通常被定义为一组模块化的API ...
- 构建安全的Xml Web Service系列之如何察看SoapMessage
原文:构建安全的Xml Web Service系列之如何察看SoapMessage 上一篇文章地址:构建安全的Xml Web Service系列一之初探使用Soap头 (5-22 12:53) ...
- MyEclipse构建Web Service(Xfire框架)
以下是本人原创,如若转载和使用请注明转载地址.本博客信息切勿用于商业,可以个人使用,若喜欢我的博客,请关注我,谢谢!博客地址 任务要求: 使用Xfire实现一个简单的CalculatorWebServ ...
- 建立自己的Web service(SOAP篇)
1.简介 这篇文章主要介绍采用SOAP来建立以及访问Web service接口. Web service是一个平台独立的,低耦合的,自包含的.基于可编程的web的应用程序,可使用开放的XML(标准通用 ...
- Web Service 简介
最近使用ODI的工具箱中的ODIInvokeWebService.因此简单了解下WebService的理论知识. 一.Web Service 简介 Web Service就是可编程的URL,使用标准的 ...
随机推荐
- RISC-V GNU 工具链:安装与使用
1. 安装Wmware和unbuntu,我安装的是Wmware workstation pro 12.1.1 build-3770994, unbuntu 是18.04.2 amd版本, ubuntu ...
- java-log4j配置
引入依赖: <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId ...
- bokeh 中 ValueError: Unrecognized range input: 解决方法
bokeh_data.index =bokeh_data.index.astype(np.str) 将其转换为字符型
- There is already an open DataReader associated with this Command which must be closed first
通常出现在嵌套查询数据库(比如在一个qry的遍历时,又进行了数据库查询) 通过在连接字符串中允许MARS可以轻松解决这个问题. 将MultipleActiveResultSets = true添加到连 ...
- 类型转换 String——》Char OR Char ——》String
String转换为char 在Java中将String转换为char是非常简单的.1. 使用String.charAt(index)(返回值为char)可以得到String中某一指定位置的char.2 ...
- MySQL truncate含有外键约束的条目报错
1.报错信息: Cannot truncate a table referenced in a foreign key constraint 2.出现错误操作: truncate table a1; ...
- Linux shell awk数组使用
awk中使用数组 一.数组格式 数组是一个包含一系列元素的表. 格式如下: abc[1]="xiaohong" abc[2]="xiaolan" ...
- sublimeText3和phpstrom使用
一.sublimtext3 下载地址:http://www.sublimetext.com/3 1.1 安装package control 插件,用来获取和管理插件(sublime包管理工具 ...
- PHP redis 常用操作
//在列表头部插入一个值one,当列表不存在时自动创建一个列表,key1为列表名 $redis->lpush("key1", "one"); //在列表尾 ...
- Centos7离线部署docker
下载docker离线包 wget https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-19.03.5.tgz 解压 tar -x ...