selenium2自动化测试学习笔记（三）

今天是学习selenium的第三天，今天的主题是自动登录126邮箱。

今天总结碰到的坑有三个：

1、frame内元素抓取，使用driver.switch_to.frame(frameId)方法切换锁定frame

2、等待页面渲染完毕定位输入，chrome下使用sleep(秒)等待

3、 driver的element内置方法会有失灵情况，采用driver.execute_script(js字符串)方法执行

初始代码，代码中的username\password替换成自己的账户密码即可

 from selenium import webdriver

 #自动打开邮箱主页登录
 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
 #driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 #driver = webdriver.Ie()
 dr.get("http://mail.126.com")
 idInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="email"]')
 pwdInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="password"]')
 idInput.clear()
 idInput.send_keys("username")
 pwdInput.clear()
 pwdInput.send_keys("password")

 dr.find_element_by_id('dologin').click()

 dr.quit()

搞了半天，怎么都获取不到，然后抓取本页面的所有input，循环打印出来，发现确实找不到登录框。

inputs = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")
    print( len(inputs) )
    for input in inputs:
        print('input id is ',input.get_attribute("id"),
              '| input name is ',input.get_attribute("name") )

眼瞎的后面才发现是嵌套在iframe中的，这就好办了，网上搜索了下定位方法

#driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")#定位到登录frame
print('begin定位到x-URS-iframe')
driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
print('end定位到x-URS-iframe')

接下来的代码都一样，但是在email框中send_keys始终无法输入成功，password却可以，莫名其妙，没搞懂。

此时换成执行js方法

dologin = driver.find_element_by_id("dologin")
    email = driver.find_element_by_name("email")
    password = driver.find_element_by_name("password")

    print('email is_displayed ',email.is_displayed() )
    print('email is_enabled  ',email.is_enabled() )
    email.clear()
    #email.send_keys('kiokyw')#火狐此方法不行

    #调用js 输入
    email_id = email.get_attribute("id")
    js = "document.getElementById('"+email_id+"').value='username'"
    print(js)
    driver.execute_script(js)

　　执行成功，再输入password，并点击登录按钮

 password.clear()
    password.send_keys('password')

    print( 'email class = ', email.get_attribute('class') )
    print( 'email value = ', email.get_attribute('value') )
    print( 'password value = ', password.get_attribute('value') )

    js = "document.getElementById('dologin').click()"
    print(js)
    driver.execute_script(js)
    #dologin.click()#IE下此方法不行
    print('登录成功')

　　最后是切回主frame，否则还在原来的frame中，获取不到新页面的元素

#切回主frame
    driver.switch_to.default_content()

    #当前url
    now_url = driver.current_url
    print(now_url)

    #获取当前登录用户名
    user = driver.find_element_by_id('spnUid').text
    print(user)

　　最后是完整代码

 from selenium import webdriver
 from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
 from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
 from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
 from time import ctime
 from time import sleep

 driver = webdriver.Firefox()
 #driver = webdriver.Chrome()
 #driver = webdriver.Ie()

 #设置隐式等待为10秒
 driver.implicitly_wait(10)

 url = 'http://www.126.com'
 driver.get(url)
 print("title is ",driver.title)

 #element = WebDriverWait( driver,5, 0.5).until(
 #    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME,'wd'))
 #    )

 '''
 try:
     idInput = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//a')
     #等同
     #idInput = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('a')
     print(len(idInput))
     for a in idInput:
         print(a.get_attribute('id') )
 except:
     print("test error")

 try:

     element = WebDriverWait( driver,10, 0.5).until(
        EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID,'dologin'))
     )
     idInput = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('input')
     print(len(idInput))
     for a in idInput:
         print(a.get_attribute('id') )
 except:
     print("test error")
 '''
 #定位到iframe
 try:
     sleep(10) #chrome下需要等待
     print( ctime(),'| url=',driver.current_url )
     #driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")#定位到登录frame
     print('begin定位到x-URS-iframe')
     driver.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
     print('end定位到x-URS-iframe')

     inputs = driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//input")
     print( len(inputs) )
     for input in inputs:
         print('input id is ',input.get_attribute("id"),
               '| input name is ',input.get_attribute("name") )

     dologin = driver.find_element_by_id("dologin")
     email = driver.find_element_by_name("email")
     password = driver.find_element_by_name("password")

     print('email is_displayed ',email.is_displayed() )
     print('email is_enabled  ',email.is_enabled() )
     email.clear()
     #email.send_keys('kiokyw')#火狐此方法不行

     #调用js 输入成功

     email_id = email.get_attribute("id")
     js = "document.getElementById('"+email_id+"').value='kiokyw'"
     print(js)
     driver.execute_script(js)

     password.clear()
     password.send_keys('Yy19861121')

     print( 'email class = ', email.get_attribute('class') )
     print( 'email value = ', email.get_attribute('value') )
     print( 'password value = ', password.get_attribute('value') )

     js = "document.getElementById('dologin').click()"
     print(js)
     driver.execute_script(js)
     #dologin.click()#IE下此方法不行
     print('登录成功')

     #切回主frame
     driver.switch_to.default_content()

     #当前url
     now_url = driver.current_url
     print(now_url)

     #获取当前登录用户名
     user = driver.find_element_by_id('spnUid').text
     print(user)

 except  BaseException as msg:
     print(msg)

 print("关闭浏览器")
 driver.quit()

以上代码太长了，再另附一份谷歌登录163邮箱的代码,重点是需要等待渲染

 from selenium import webdriver
 from time import sleep

 #自动打开邮箱主页登录
 #dr= webdriver.Firefox()
 dr= webdriver.Chrome()
 #dr = webdriver.Ie()
 dr.get("http://mail.163.com")
 sleep(2)
 dr.switch_to.frame("x-URS-iframe")
 idInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="email"]')
 pwdInput = dr.find_element_by_xpath('//input[@name="password"]')
 idInput.clear()
 idInput.send_keys("username")
 pwdInput.clear()
 pwdInput.send_keys("password")

 dr.find_element_by_id('dologin').click()

 dr.quit()