在docker容器中python3.5环境下使用DIGITS训练caffe模型

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此处使用的基础镜像为 nvcr.io/nvidia/digits:18.06，镜像大小为6.04GB，可从nvidia官方pull此镜像；

容器配置：

　　CUDA：9.0

　　CUDNN：7.0

注：此文档建立在已会使用python2.7版本的DIGITS基础之上

　　使用CUDA9是因为要使用tensorflow_hub，版本需要兼容

　　tensorflow-gpu==1.12.0

　　tensorflow-hub==0.5.0

镜像中含有python3.5与python2.7两个版本，直接使用python3.5

修改系统python默认值，使用python3为默认启动：

　　sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 100

　　sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 150

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一、编译安装caffe

从github下载caffe源码，准备编译，下载地址：https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git

【CUDA与CUDNN请查找对应的安装教程，此处忽略】

进入caffe目录

1、安装依赖：

　　sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler

　　sudo apt-get install —no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev

　　sudo apt-get install libopenblas-dev liblapack-dev libatlas-base-dev

　　sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev

2、修改Makefile.config文件：

　　sudo cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config

　　根据需求修改Makefile.config中的内容，我修改之后的内容如下：

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
USE_OPENCV := 1
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0
# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
# USE_HDF5 := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
# You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
# possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH :=-gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
-gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
-gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
-gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
-gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
-gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
# /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
# ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
# $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5 \
/usr/include/ \
/usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib \
/usr/lib/python3.5 \
/usr/local/lib/python3.5
# PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @

3、修改Makefile文件：　

　　①、大概在427行

　　　　将：
　　　　NVCCFLAGS +=-ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler-fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)
　　　　替换为：
　　　　NVCCFLAGS += -D_FORCE_INLINES -ccbin=$(CXX) -Xcompiler -fPIC $(COMMON_FLAGS)

　　②、大概在182行

　　　　将：
　　　　LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf boost_system boost_filesystem m hdf5_hl hdf5
　　　　改为：
　　　　LIBRARIES += glog gflags protobuf boost_system boost_filesystem m hdf5_serial_hl hdf5_serial
4、开始编译：

　　①、make all

　　②、make runtest

　　③、make pycaffe

　　注：中途不出错，则证明编译安装成功python3.5的caffe，如果抛出异常，则根据error搜索对应解决方案。

　　追加几个我遇到的异常与对应解决方案：

　　异常：fatal error: pyconfig.h: No such file or directory

　　解决：export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/include/python2.7

　　异常：/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_python3

　　解决：cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu

　　　　    sudo ln -s libboost_python-py35.so libboost_python3.so

5、使用caffe：

　　进入python解释器：python

　　import caffe

　　异常：ImportError: dynamic module does not define module export function (PyInit__caffe)

　　解决：将编译的caffe路径添加到环境变量中：export PYTHONPATH=/opt/caffe/python/:$PYTHONPATH

二、安装DIGITS，地址：https://github.com/NVIDIA/DIGITS.git

1、digits官方没有推出Python3版本，需要自己把py2的代码升级到py3

　　代码语法问题可以使用python3自带的升级脚本（脚本位置很好找，找不到的请百度）：python 3.5/Tools/scripts/2to3.py

2、使用2to3脚本升级完语法之后，代码里还有很多py3不兼容的地方，请逐一修改

3、下载DIGITS的python依赖，pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

3、代码修改完成之后，设置最后一步，将caffe的启动文件软连接到/usr/local/bin/下：

　　ln -s 源地址 目标地址

　　示例：ln -s /opt/caffe/build/tools/caffe /usr/local/bin/caffe

　　（把自己编译的opt下的caffe启动文件连接到系统path路径中）

三、启动DIGITS，使用caffe训练模型

1、进入DIGITS目录，启动服务

　　python -m digits

2、用浏览器访问服务，创建数据集，创建模型即可。

PS：有DIGITS二次开发经验的朋友可以联系交流，目前主要开发tensorflow_hub，tensorflow_pb，tensorflow，tensorRT等相关功能。