Java笔记Spring（一）

一、Spring框架

源码地址：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework

构建工具：Gradle，Gradle教程：https://www.w3cschool.cn/gradle/

Gradle基于Groovy语言，Groovy教程：https://www.w3cschool.cn/groovy/

JSR标准相关的资料： https://jcp.org/en/jsr/all

二、Spring框架Module

官网文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.3.17.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/#overview-modules

三、使用Maven构建demo-springmvc项目

File -> New Project -> Maven（勾选Create from archetype，同时选择maven-archetype-webapp） -> Next

GroupId：com.example

ArtifactId：demo-spring

-> Next -> Next -> 
Project name：demo-spring

-> Finish

对比上面两图，发现不同点只在于有没有web结构，而且默认的web结构还是需要修改的。 继续...

添加spring mvc框架支持，直接在pom.xml文件中dependencies下添加spring mvc的依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.17.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

替换web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

WEB-INF下添加applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

</beans>

dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--spring基本注解支持 -->
    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!--mvc注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--静态资源映射-->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/image/"/>

    <!--jsp模板视图支持-->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <property name="exposeContextBeansAsAttributes" value="true"/>
    </bean>

    <!--自动扫描装配-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.demo"/>
</beans>

写个Controller跑起来看看

在 src -> main 下建两个文件夹，java和test，创建完成后，分别设置资源类型

java文件夹设置为 sources，test文件夹设置为 tests

创建一个测试controller

配置测试服务器

点击启动，访问 localhost:8080/user/get

会显示 ??

原因：spring mvc默认输出字符集 iso-8859-1，需要将输出字符集调整为 utf-8

再次启动，访问  localhost:8080/user/get，显示正常。