基于通用二进制方式安装MySQL-5.7.24(比源码安装MySQL快许多)及破密码

确保系统中有依赖的libaio软件

yum -y install libaio

使用wget命令下载mysql-5.7.24软件包

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

或导入mysql源码包解压到指定目录

tar xf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

进入/usr/local目录

cd /usr/local/

为mysql安装目录创建软链接或改目录名

mv  mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/  mysql

添加mysql用户和组

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

修改当前目录拥有者为新建的mysql用户

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

初始化mysql数据库（建立默认的库和表）

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize

--14T07::.921384Z  [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
--14T07::.441772Z  [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=
--14T07::.519903Z  [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
--14T07::.590003Z  [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f4ad7ea2-36a0-11ea-ba0a-000c297940e2.
--14T07::.597242Z  [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
--14T07::.607048Z  [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ynbk8;Omn*_)   --->这是书库登入初始密码

修改mysql配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

将mysqld服务添加到系统服务中

cp mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

systemctl  start  mysqld

netstat  -lnpt | grep :3306

将mysql命令添加到系统命令执行路径，便于使用

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/*  /usr/local/bin/

登入数据库：

[root@localhost local]# mysql -uroot -p"ynbk8;Omn*_)"

mysql>exit

[root@localhost local]# cd
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /bin/
ln: 无法创建符号链接"/bin/mysql": 文件已存在
[root@localhost ~]# ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /bin/

数据库外修改密码
[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p"ynbk8;Omn*_)" password 123
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>exit

数据库内改密码：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpt | grep mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 9900/mysqld

[root@localhost ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
[1] 9933
[root@localhost ~]# 2019-09-23T12:37:13.283220Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.log'.
2019-09-23T12:37:13.328538Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;                          //查看有哪儿些数据库
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |                                                          //用的是mysql
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use mysql                                  //进入数据库
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed 
mysql> show tables;                               //查看有哪儿些表
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| engine_cost |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| gtid_executed |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| server_cost |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |                                                                     //用的是user(用户)
+---------------------------+ 
31 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc use;                                                  //有哪儿些列
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'use' at line 1
mysql> desc user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |
| User | char(32) | NO | PRI | | |                               //保存用户的
| Select_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Insert_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Update_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Delete_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Drop_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Reload_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Shutdown_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Process_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| File_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Grant_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| References_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Index_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_db_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Super_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tmp_table_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Lock_tables_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Execute_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_slave_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_client_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_user_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Event_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Trigger_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| ssl_type | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO | | | |
| ssl_cipher | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_issuer | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_subject | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_user_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| plugin | char(64) | NO | | mysql_native_password | |
| authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | |                                    //保存密码的
| password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| password_last_changed | timestamp | YES | | NULL | |
| password_lifetime | smallint(5) unsigned | YES | | NULL | |
| account_locked | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
45 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,authentication_string from user;              //查看user，authentication_string从from
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+ 
| user | authentication_string |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 |
| mysql.session | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
| mysql.sys | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE |
+---------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';                //更新user,authentication_string，用password来加密
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;                                                                           //刷新授权表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>exit

修改字符集为utf-8

[mysqld]

 

character_set_server=utf8

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld